Luteolin is a flavonoid widely found in plants, including vegetables, botanical drugs, and fruits. Owing to its diverse pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, oxidative stress protection, anti-inflammatory, and neuron-preserving effects, luteolin has attracted attention in research and medicine. Luteolin exhibits therapeutic effects on various pulmonary disease models through multiple molecular mechanisms; these include inhibition of activation of the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nuclear Factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as the promotion of regulatory T cell (Treg) function and enhancement of alveolar epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity (alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress responses). Luteolin has therapeutic effects on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis, allergic asthma, and lung cancer. Luteolin, a naturally occurring polyphenol, is poorly water-soluble. The oral route may be ineffective because the gut poorly absorbs this type of flavonoid. Therefore, although luteolin exhibits significant biological activity, its clinical application is limited by challenges associated with its poor water solubility and low bioavailability, which are critical factors for its efficacy and pharmacological application. These challenges can be addressed by modifying the chemical structure and enhancing pharmaceutical formulations. We summarized the research advancements in improving the solubility and bioavailability of luteolin, as well as the effects of luteolin on various pulmonary diseases and their related mechanisms, with the aim of providing new ideas for researchers.

Background: Sarcopenia is an age-related decline in muscle strength and mass, which significantly impacts the quality of life for older adults. Resistance training (RT) is well established as an effective intervention for sarcopenia. Some studies suggest that additional benefits may be obtained when RT is combined with creatine supplement (Cr). However, critical confounding factors, such as age and intervention duration, have not been systematically controlled in previous investigations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify the efficacy of Cr + RT on appendicular muscle strength and lean tissue mass in older adults, with a particular emphasis on temporal effect modification through duration-stratified subgroup analyses. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through searches across eight databases. Eligible studies involved aged individuals undergoing resistance training (2–3 sessions/week) with Cr or placebo (PL) for 8-104 weeks. After screening, 8 RCTs ( n = 482 participants) were included, assessing outcomes of lean tissue mass, chest press, and leg press strength. Results: Compared to PL + RT, Cr + RT significantly improved lower limb strength (SMD = 0.29 [95% CI 0.00-0.57]; p = 0.05) and lean tissue mass (SMD = 0.27 [95% CI 0.02–0.53]; p = 0.03), but did not show significant improvements in upper extremity muscle strength. Subgroup analysis revealed intervention duration effects: interventions lasting ≤ 32 weeks (5 studies) showed better upper limb strength gains (SMD = 0.45 [95% CI 0.14–0.77]; p = 0.005) and increases in lean tissue mass (SMD = 0.57 [95% CI 0.19–0.96]; p = 0.004). Conclusions: Cr + RT can significantly increase muscle strength and lean tissue mass in older adults, particularly in interventions lasting up to 32 weeks. These time-dependent effects highlight the importance of intervention duration in nutritional ergogenic strategies for sarcopenia management. Trial registration: This systematic review has the registration number CRD420251018405 on PROSPERO.

The incidence of muscle atrophy or sports injuries is increasing with time and population aging, thereby attracting considerable attention to muscle generation research. Muscle satellite cells, which play an important role in this process, lack comprehensive literature regarding their use for muscle regeneration. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the hotspots and trends in satellite cell research from 2010 to 2023, providing a reference for muscle regeneration research. Studies on satellite cells’ role in muscle regeneration from 2010 to 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Using CiteSpace and VOSviewer, we analyzed annual publications, authors and co-citing authors, countries and institutions, journals and co-citing journals, co-citing references, and keywords. From 2010 to 2023, 1468 papers were retrieved, indicating an overall increasing trend in the number of annual publications related to satellite cells in muscle regeneration. The United States had the highest number of publications, while the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale was the institution with the most publications. Among journals, " PloS One" had the highest number of published papers, and "Cell" emerged as the most co-cited journal. A total of 7425 authors were involved, with Michael A. Rudnicki being the author with the highest number of publications and the most co-cited author. The most cited reference was "Satellite cells and the muscle stem cell niche." Among keywords, “satellite cells” was the most common, with "heterogeneity" having the highest centrality. Frontier themes included "Duchenne muscular dystrophy,” "skeletal muscle,” "in-vivo,” "muscle regeneration,” "mice," "muscle atrophy,” "muscle fibers,” "inflammation,” " mesenchymal stem cells,” and "satellite cell." This study presents the current status and trends in satellite cell research on muscle regeneration from 2010 to 2023 using bibliometric analyses, providing valuable insights into numerous future research directions.

With the global population aging, the incidence of stroke is rising, often resulting in motor dysfunction, speech disorders, and swallowing difficulties, significantly affecting daily life and social participation. Speech and language disorders notably impair communication and restrict social engagement, making speech rehabilitation a critical intervention. However, comprehensive bibliometric analyses on post-stroke language rehabilitation are limited, restricting understanding of progress in this field. This study aimed to identify hotspots and trends in post-stroke speech rehabilitation research from 2003 to 2023 to guide future studies. Articles on post-stroke speech rehabilitation from 2003 to 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Analyses included annual publications, key authors, countries, institutions, journals, co-citations, and keywords. Among 1077 articles, publication volume showed an upward trend, with the United States leading in contributions. The Aphasiology journal published the most articles, and prominent institutions like the University of Queensland demonstrated significant publication and citation impact. Key trends included "communication disorders," "functional connectivity," and "melodic intonation therapy," with "stroke" and "aphasia" emerging as central keywords. Research in post-stroke speech rehabilitation is increasing, with significant contributions from the United States and key institutions. Trends highlight the importance of communication-focused therapies and innovative techniques like melodic intonation therapy. This study provides insights into research directions.

Background: The inflammatory burden index (IBI) is a comprehensive indicator of the inflammatory state of the body and is associated with a variety of chronic diseases. Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by a reduction in skeletal muscle mass, but the association between IBI and sarcopenia is currently unclear. Methods: This study was based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2018 and included 4523 participants aged 20 years and older. IBI was calculated by the product of C‐reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Sarcopenia was defined by the extremity skeletal muscle mass index (ASM/body mass index [BMI]). The association between IBI and sarcopenia was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression models with nonlinear and subgroup analyses. Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.9 years, and 52.5% were female. Higher IBI scores were associated with a higher risk of chronic disease. IBI was positively associated with sarcopenia, with the highest IBI group having a 1.94 times greater risk of sarcopenia than the lowest group (95% CI: 1.34–2.81). The natural log transformation of IBI resulted in a 42% increase in risk of sarcopenia for each unit increase (95% CI: 1.08–1.87). Nonlinear analyses showed an inflection point in the association between IBI and sarcopenia at 2.38, with a significant increase in risk before the inflection point and no longer significant after the inflection point. Subgroup analyses showed that this association was consistent across sex, age, diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conclusion: There is a positive association between IBI and sarcopenia with nonlinear characteristics. High IBI levels may increase the risk of sarcopenia, suggesting that inflammation may play an important role in sarcopenia, providing a potential target for future interventions.