Ischemia–reperfusion is a common health problem leading to several health conditions. The pathophysiology of ischemia–reperfusion is quite complex. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response contribute to ischemia–reperfusion mechanisms. Various parameters like proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, occur during ischemia–reperfusion . There are several ways to investigate these values through biochemical and histopathologic findings. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha, caspase-3, nuclear factor-kappa β, and LC3B (microtubu le-associated protein light chain 3, LC3) can be evaluated among these indicators. Cite this article as: Can Güler M, Tanyeli A, Nur Ekinci Akdemir F, Eraslan E, Özbek Şebin S, Güzel Erdoğan D, Nacar T. An overview of ischemia– reperfusion injury: Review on oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Eurasian J Med., 2022;54(Suppl. 1), S62-S65

Ovarian torsion causes problems such as infertility in women due to ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury. α‐Pinene (AP) is a monoterpene with known anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic impacts. In the present investigation, the protective impact of AP was examined in the ovarian I/R model. 28 Wistar‐Albino female rats were used in the study. TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐10, MDA, IMA, SOD, and SIRT‐1 levels were determined in ovarian tissue by ELISA method. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted to determine Bcl‐2, Caspase‐3, LC3B, and NFκB levels in ovarian tissues. TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IMA, and MDA levels were reduced in the treatment groups than the I/R group dose‐dependent, while IL‐10, SOD, and SIRT‐1 levels increased substantially. Caspase‐3 immunoreactivity declined in the treatment groups while Bcl‐2 levels increased. LC3B and NFκB levels, which rise with I/R injury, were reduced considerably in the treatment groups. In addition, hemorrhage, edema, vascular congestion, and follicular degeneration due to I/R injury decreased in the treatment groups. The present investigation shows that AP has anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and autophagy inhibitory effects against I/R damage in ovarian tissues and reduces oxidative stress. The results indicate that AP may be a potential protective agent in clinical use. Further research is needed before AP can be used in the clinic.

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the possible useful effectiveness of Sinapic acid on rat kidney and lung tissues in an experimental cecal ligation puncture (CLP) model. Methods: CLP model was created for the rats in the CLP group. 20 mg/kg of Sinapic acid was given in the CLP-Sinapic acid group. At the end of the experiment, lung and kidney tissues were collected and biochemical analyzes were evaluated. Results: For the lung and kidney tissue samples; antioxidant levels decreased, and oxidant levels increased in the CLP group. When the immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated, IL-1β, caspase-3, and TNF-α immunopositivity were severe levels in CLP group. But immunopositivity of these parameters have been observed as attenuated in CLP-Sinapic acid group compared to CLP group. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that Sinapic acid has useful effectiveness on the sepsis model caused by CLP in the lung and kidney tissues.

This study assessed the efficacy of costunolide (COST) against oxidative tissue damage in the ovarian torsion/detorsion (TD) model. Animals were randomly assigned to sham, ovarian TD, COST 5 mg/kg + ovarian TD, and COST 10 mg/kg + ovarian TD groups. COST's effectiveness was determined by assessing oxidative stress markers, interleukin levels, and histopathological examinations. Oxidative stress markers were elevated in the ovarian TD group compared to the sham group. COST treatment represented a decline compared to the TD group. Besides, the antioxidant activity was significantly higher in the ovarian TD group than in the sham group. COST treatment improved the antioxidant parameters compared to the TD group. Inflammatory parameters, such as tumour necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) were higher in the ovarian TD group than the sham group. COST treatment suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine expression compared to the TD group. Histopathological data supported these findings.