The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare changes in explosive power between blood flow restriction training and traditional resistance training protocols. Searches of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and OVID Medline were conducted for studies. Inclusion criteria were: (a) healthy people; (b) randomized controlled or controlled trials; (c) outcome measures of explosive performance (peak power, rate of force development, jump performance, sprint performance, etc.); (d) involving a comparison between blood flow restriction training and traditional resistance training. Quality assessment was conducted using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. A total of 12 studies (262 subjects) were finally included for analysis. The PEDro scale score had a median of 5 of 10 points (range: 3–6 points). Significant small to moderate improvements were observed in blood flow restriction training [jump: standard mean difference (SMD) of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.02; 0.69); sprint: SMD of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.00; 1.07); power: SMD of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.17; 1.27)] when compared to traditional resistance training. The findings indicate that blood flow restriction training is more effective in improving explosive power of lower limbs compared to traditional resistance training in healthy people. In addition, blood flow restriction with a wide cuff ( 10 cm) during training improved explosive power better than with a narrow cuff or during the rest interval. Blood flow restriction training is very suitable for athletes in short competitive seasons and those who are not able to tolerate high loads (i.e., rehabilitators and the elderly).

Objective: Against the backdrop of the Chinese people’s growing demand for health, it is of great significance to explore the impact of sports participation on different psychological states among the population, as well as the specific mechanisms and theoretical adaptations under varying conditions of sports resources—such as the sports environment, facilities, and safety. Such an investigation not only contributes to the widespread promotion of public participation in sports but also provides targeted theoretical guidance for improving psychological well-being. Method: Using data from the China General Social Survey (CGSS) published in 2023, a linear regression model was constructed. Results: Sports participation exerts a comprehensive positive effect on the psychological well-being of the Chinese population. Robustness tests using instrumental variable methods confirm that the impact of sports participation on psychological well-being is free from endogeneity issues and exhibits strong robustness. The influence of sports participation on psychological well-being varies significantly depending on sports resource conditions: ① Under favorable sports environment conditions, it exerts a comprehensive positive effect; under poor sports environment conditions, it has no effect on depression and despondency. ② In well-equipped facilities, it more effectively promotes calmness and vitality, while in under-equipped facilities, it has no effect on depression/despondency or calmness. ③ Under low-safety conditions, it has a comprehensive positive effect, while under high-safety conditions, it has no effect on depression/despondency. Conclusion: Sports participation exerts a robust, positive influence on overall mental well-being and vitality at the macro level. However, its effects manifest in complex interrelationships under specific sports resource conditions. Recommendations: Comprehensively enhance the role of sports participation in improving public mental health; Implement intelligent strategies for sports resource development to amplify the positive impact of sports participation on psychological well-being.