Matthew Haworth works at the Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), Turin, Italy. He is interested in stomatal morphological and physiological responses to the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, water deficit, and heat stress. His work involves the use of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence to quantify the diffusive and biochemical constraints on photosynthesis. These approaches can be utilized for phenotyping plant responses to abiotic stress. He also studies the use of living plants to elucidate patterns in the leaf economics and palaeo-physiology of fossil plants.