Infertility affects a significant number of couples worldwide and its incidence is increasing. While assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have revolutionized the treatment landscape of infertility, a significant number of couples present with an idiopathic cause for their infertility, hindering effective management. Profiling the genome and transcriptome of infertile men and women has revealed abnormal gene expression. Epigenetic modifications, which comprise dynamic processes that can transduce environmental signals into gene expression changes, may explain these findings. Indeed, aberrant DNA methylation has been widely characterized as a cause of abnormal sperm and oocyte gene expression with potentially deleterious consequences on fertilization and pregnancy outcomes. This review aims to provide a concise overview of male and female infertility through the lens of DNA methylation alterations.

Introduction: Foot drop is a disorder characterized by weakness in the dorsiflexor muscles of the foot, caused by various pathologies, including neurological, muscular, spinal, and autoimmune conditions. Sometimes, it can be iatrogenic due to direct nerve compression, traction, or ischemia. The occurrence and underlying mechanism of foot drop following aortobifemoral bypass surgery are not well-documented in literature. Case presentation: A 40-year-old male, with short distance claudication secondary to multi-level lower limb arterial occlusions, mainly, external iliac arteries and superficial femoral arteries. The patient underwent an uneventful aortobifemoral bypass. Post-operatively, the patient developed left sided foot drop with no clear etiology. With intensive physiotherapy, the patient improved and eventually recovered. Discussion: After excluding other causes of the manifestation, this case could potentially give an insight to a rare postoperative complication following aortobifemoral bypass surgery. Despite a smooth intraoperative course, the patient developed foot drop, a rarely reported complication, suggesting a potential link between the procedure and foot drop. Conclusion: This case report highlights a rare postoperative complication after aortobifemoral bypass surgery, emphasizing the need for further research to elucidate the direct mechanisms behind this rare occurrence. Highlights: