Background: Health science students in post-secondary institutions experience high levels of depression and anxiety due to increased stress levels, workload, low socioeconomic status, and history of family mental illness, among other factors. Given the significant negative impact that depression and anxiety can have on undergraduate health science students, it is essential to understand the prevalence and correlation of these conditions in this population. In light of this, this scoping review aims to identify, document, and analyze the literature on the prevalence and determinants of anxiety and depression among undergraduate health sciences students and identify gaps in knowledge for future research. Methods: This scoping review was planned and executed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for the Scoping Reviews statement. A comprehensive and systematic search was carried out for five databases, namely MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PubMed. Results: From the literature identified by our search strategy, the lowest prevalence for anxiety was 5.8%, and the highest was 82.6%, with a median of 44.25%. The prevalence of depression ranged from a high of 88.8% to a low of 2.1%, with a median value of 34.8%. Our analysis revealed that correlates of anxiety and depression among health science students include sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, gender, relationships, ethnicity, and family history, personal health conditions, and academic and socioeconomic issues. Conclusions: With the high incidence of anxiety and depression among health science students, there is an increasing need to find practical remedies to support these students. It is also essential for policymakers and university authorities to implement interventions such as supportive text messages and other strategies geared toward providing support and improving the psychological well-being of health science students.

Background: Caring for children with neurodevelopmental disorders can be challenging and is normally associated with a heightened risk of psychological challenges among caregivers. Objective: This scoping review aims to synthesize the existing literature on the prevalence and correlates of stress, anxiety, and depression among caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Methods: This scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-ScR) extension for scoping reviews. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Results: A total of 56 studies were included in this review. Factors associated with caregivers’ psychological issues include the age of the child, daily stress from own needs and the child’s care needs, and co-morbidity in the child. Articles utilized different screening tools and diverse diagnostic classifications to determine symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression, leading to variations in prevalence estimates. The lowest prevalence of stress reported was 7.9%, while the highest reported caregiver moderate-to-severe stress was 94.6%. Similarly, the prevalence of anxiety and depression varied from 6.0% to 85.8% and from 5.2% to 85.1%, respectively. This substantial variability is likely attributable to the heterogeneity of assessment tools and inconsistencies in the use of classificatory terminology, such as “severe,” “clinical range,” and “high”, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Conclusions: Caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities experience an immense psychological burden. Expanding access to sustainable psychosocial and social protection interventions is a vital step toward improving their well-being. This will indirectly improve the overall outcomes for the children. Government and policymakers should prioritize the implementation of measures such as social support allocated to this cohort to enhance their quality of life and improve their overall well-being.