The snow falling on the surface of photovoltaic modules tends to reduce the output power. In order to understand the process of snow accumulating on solar photovoltaic modules and reveal the impact of snow accumulation on photovoltaic conversion efficiency, the snow-cover process was simulated on the surface of photovoltaic modules with different tilt angles by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). On this basis, the relationship between the amount of snow and tilt angle was explored. The snow effect of photovoltaic modules on photoelectric conversion efficiency was studied by building a test platform. At the same time, a measurement platform of snow accumulation on photovoltaic modules and photoelectric conversion efficiency was constructed. Through the experiment of the relationship between snow thickness and snow sliding distance and the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) modules, the influence of snow thickness and snow area on the power generation efficiency of PV modules is discussed. The results show that the larger angle between the photovoltaic panel and the ground is adverse to the accumulation of snow on the panel. When the thickness of snow reaches 1 cm, the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module reduces to 7.1% of that as normal. At the same time, the sliding of snow on the photovoltaic panel improves the efficiency of photoelectric conversion. Through the analysis of numerical simulation and experimental results, targeted suggestions are made on how to improve the efficiency of power generation for photovoltaic power stations under snowy conditions, which may provide a reference for engineering work.

Ice accretion on wind turbine blades can significantly impact their aerodynamic performance, increasing additional load and reducing power generation. This paper utilizes numerical simulation to predict the cross-section at the blade tip of a small wind turbine and study the ice accretion process and aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil. The research investigates the dynamic characteristics of ice accretion on NACA 0012 airfoil, as well as the influence of dynamic icing at different angles of attack and airflow velocities on the lift coefficient of the airfoil. The findings show that ice accretion leads to a more significant decrease in the lift coefficient of the airfoil at angles of attack of 8° and 12°. From 0 min to 30 min, the decrease rate of the lift coefficient is up to 48% and 46.2%, respectively. The aerodynamic performance of airfoil at 70 m/s deteriorates the most severely and the reduction degree of the lift coefficient can exceed 23.2%. These results may supply guidance for wind turbine anti-icing solutions.