Domingo F. Barber has been a Tenured Scientist at the Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain since 2008. He obtained his degree in Pharmacy in Madrid in 1990 and his PhD degree in 1996, both from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. As a doctoral fellow in the group of Professor José Antonio López de Castro, he studied how the TCR recognizes HLA class I antigens. In his first postdoctoral period (1996–1998) at Yale University in the group of Prof Adrian Hayday, he worked on the study of pre-TCR and its role in thymic development, as well as on the effector functions of γδ T cells, especially against tumor cells. During a second postdoctoral period (1998–2001) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Maryland (USA) in the group of Prof. Eric Long, he worked on the study of receptors and signals that regulate the activation and inhibition of NK cells. At the end of 2001, he returned to Madrid, to the Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), where he remains to this day. From 2002 to 2006, as Ramón and Cajal’s researcher in the group of Prof. Ana Carrera, he studied in animal models the role of PI3K in the genesis and progression of the autoinmune disease lupus. In 2006, he started his research group, when he was elected Emerging Scientist at the CNB, and in 2008, he obtained a Tenured Scientist position. Since then, he has worked in nanomedicines for immunotherapy of cancer and autoimmune diseases.