Objective: Identify the levels of anxiety, perceived stress, and sleep quality in university students in northwestern Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine their association to sociodemographic variables and questions related to COVID-19. Materials and methods: Descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study in a non-probabilistic sample of 1691 students. Online surveys were administered using Google Forms. The chi-square test (χ2), Spearman's correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used, with the approval of the ethics committee and informed consent of the participants. Results: 38.4% of the students presented moderate anxiety and 36.5% severe anxiety. Moderate level of stress (50.1%) and poor sleep quality (65.8%) predominated. The sex variable was associated to anxiety (χ2 = 88.87, p < .001), perceived stress (χ2 = 72.34, p < .001) and poor sleep quality (χ2 = 31.26, p < .001). Logistic regression determined that students whose family income decreased because of the pandemic were at higher risk of experiencing anxiety (OR = 1.67, p =.001), stress (OR= 1.57, p =.011), and poor sleep quality (OR = 1.46). Conclusions: More than half of the university students who participated in this study presented some level of anxiety, stress and poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the development of psychosocial mental health intervention programs aimed at university students is required. Key words: Anxiety; Stress, Psychological; Students.

Introducción: La pandemia debido al coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ha trastornado profundamente la vida cotidiana en todo el mundo, con profundos efectos negativos en la salud física y mental, principalmente en la población estudiantil. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) y los niveles de ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia por COVID-19, explorar la asociación de TCA y ansiedad con las variables sexo, edad, semestre y programa educativo. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal correlacional en una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 572 estudiantes de una universidad del noroeste de México, previo consentimiento informado. Se diseñó un cuestionario en línea utilizando la plataforma de Google Forms que incluía cuatro preguntas de identificación, el instrumento Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26) y el Inventario de ansiedad BAI. Se calcularon estadísticas descriptivas, la prueba Ji cuadrada para explorar la asociación entre variables categóricas y se calculó el Odds ratio (OR) e intervalo de confianza por medio de la regresión logística. Resultados: Dado el punto de corte de 20 para el EAT-26, se encontró 20.1% de estudiantes que están en riesgo de presentar TCA. El riesgo fue significativamente mayor en las mujeres (22.4%) en comparación a los hombres (14.7%) (χ²(1) = 4.39; p < .001, Phi = -0.088). Predominaron niveles moderado de ansiedad (32.2%) y severo (24.3%) en los estudiantes. El riesgo de TCA puede aumentar hasta cuatro veces más si tiene síntomas de ansiedad (OR = 2.179; IC95% 1.20, 3.97). Conclusiones: Una parte importante de los encuestados presentó conductas alimentarias en riesgo asociadas en los niveles de ansiedad mostrada durante la pandemia.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el estado de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes de Cultura Física y Deporte posterior a la pandemia, así como detectar una relación entre estos trastornos y los factores de la escala DASS-21, considerando las diferencias de género. Se utilizó un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y transversal en una muestra no aleatoria por conveniencia de 245 participantes. El estudio reveló que el 39.2% de los participantes presentaba síntomas de depresión, el 53.1% experimentaba algún grado de ansiedad, y el 42.4% informó sentir algún nivel de estrés. Además, se encontraron relaciones significativas entre los niveles de depre-sión y ansiedad (rs= 0.715; p < .01), depresión y estrés (rs=0.767; p < .01), así como ansiedad y estrés (rs=0.759; p < .01). Se observó que la depresión y el estrés afectaron más a las mujeres, con un 46.6% y 55.7%, respectivamente, en comparación con los hombres, donde se registró un 35% para ambos casos (p = .043 y p = .002, respectivamente). Por otro lado, aunque la ansiedad afectó al 56.8% de las mujeres y al 51% de los hombres, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos géneros (p = .110). Es fundamental implementar intervenciones dirigidas a abordar la salud mental de los estudiantes, tanto en situaciones de crisis como en contextos más estables.

Introduction: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) estimates fat-free mass in athletes; however, its precision can be affected by technical errors, biological variability, and fluctuations in hydration levels. Objective: to evaluate the technical and biological measurement errors in the estimation of body composition in male Mexican soccer players using commercial BIA devices. Methodology: A quantitative, comparative, correlational longitudinal cohort study was conducted including 31 male soccer players. Participants underwent three assessments across two consecutive laboratory visits: two measurements during the first visit (technical error) and one during the second (biological error). Fat-free mass (FFM) estimated using Omron HBF-306, Tanita BC-514 and Omron HBF-545 BIA devices. To determine the technical error and biological error of measurements, the root means square error (RMSE) and least significant change (LSC). Results: HBF-514 provided the lowest FFM values across the devices. The body fat estimations from BC-545, significant differences were observed in day-to-day assessment (p<0.05). Reliability analysis revealed a RMSE values of 0.52 kg, 0.24 kg and 0.26 kg and LSC values of 2.36 kg, 1.92 kg and 1.68 kg for FFM using HBF-306, BC-545 and HBF-514 respectively. Discussion: The precision of BIA devices was lower compared to other studies conducted on general populations, suggesting that athletes’ characteristics may affect the reliability of these devices. Conclusions: The HBF-306C showed greater variability compared to the other devices while the HBF-514 demonstrates the highest day-to-day reliability, making it a valuable tool for tracking BC in soccer players.

Introduction: During the previous health contingency caused by COVID-19, there was a widespread dissemination of alleged treatments for this and other diseases. This led to the use of dietary supplements (DS) as a possible alternative for the prevention of this disease. DS consumption poses a risk in populations where the prevalence of use is high. Such is the case in the sports community, where its consumption is a common activity due to its effects on sports performance and body composition. Objective: To determine the prevalence of DS consumption in Mexican athletes during COVID-19 and identify those who used them to prevent infection. Additionally, to explore the association between consumption and the variables of gender, age, and occupation. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in a non-probabilistic convenience sample composed of 351 athletes from the northwest region of Mexico. A survey was administered through the Google Forms platform that included questions related to the frequency of DS consumption as well as sociodemographic variables. Results: 22.5% of the participants were consuming some type of DS during the lockdown, and 67.1% believed that the consumption of these supplements contributed to the prevention of COVID-19. An association between consumption and belief was found (χ2(2) = 26.256, p < .05; Phi = .274). The use of DS was primarily recommended by nutritionists (39.2%), coaches (21.5%), and physicians (20.3%). Conclusions: DS consumption was relatively low compared to other populations. However, the majority of DS consumers reported that DS contributed to the prevention of COVID-19 infection. A significant proportion of DS consumers sought recommendations from healthcare professionals.

Sports professionals prioritize athlete body composition (BC) due to its relationship to performance. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) estimates BC using predictive equations, and validating these equations is essential to determine their utility. The aim of this study was to externally validate four bioelectrical impedance equations for predicting body composition in Mexican recreational runners using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a reference method. This external validation pilot study followed a comparative, cross-sectional design and included 30 Mexican male recreational runners (aged 38.0 ± 10.7 years). BC was measured using DXA and four BIA equations. A paired t-test was performed to evaluate differences between methods. Equivalent testing, Simple linear regression, and Bland-Altman analysis were carried out to evaluate agreement between methods. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Non-significant differences were found between DXA and predicted values with Macias et al. (2007) and Lukaski and Bolonchuk (1987) equations (p < 0.05). These equations provided equivalence at 5% regions and non-significant bias. In conclusion, Lukaski and Bolonchuk (1987) demonstrate the most accurate equations for the current sample. These equations showed promising results for measuring BC in a cohort of runners; however, caution is advised when applying them to individual tracking.