The granting of custody after the separation of couples is an increasingly common field of study. The literature shows that the interest in this topic has focused mainly on the separation of heterosexual couples. This article seeks to show how the granting of custody is distributed among the different models in the case of Spain, and the impact of specific variables on the granting of custody after the breakdown of same-sex marriages. A quantitative methodology was applied with multivariate descriptive analysis (through the elaboration of dependency analysis), using the Statistics of Nullities, Separations and Divorces (ENSD) of the National Institute of Statistics (INE). The main conclusion was that the joint custody model is more present than the sole custody in the case of same-sex couples, while the number of minors and dependent children of legal age are the variables that determine the custody model granted.

La presente investigación se centra en identificar la relación de determinadas variables sociales con la asignación de la custodia tras el divorcio de matrimonios heterosexuales en Andalucía. Para ello se emplea metodología cuantitativa, utilizando la Estadística de Nulidades, Separaciones y Divorcios (INE, 2017) y datos de indicadores económicos como el Producto Interior Bruto (2017). Su explotación permite tener en cuenta todo un conjunto de variables necesarias para comprender el fenómeno objeto de estudio. Se realizan análisis de tipo descriptivo y multivariante (análisis factorial y de correspondencias). Los principales resultados obtenidos confirman que variables como el número de hijos menores o mayores dependientes, el fallo de la sentencia y el PIB de cada provincia, están relacionadas significativamente con la modalidad de custodia finalmente asignada. Otras variables como la edad de los cónyuges o su nacionalidad no parecen tener asociación en la modalidad que se otorga.

Over the last decade and a half, the legislation on marital ruptures has experienced significant changes with the possibility of shared custody being one of the reforms with greater impact. Although these regulations have not ceased to be enacted, there is no study, such as this one, that relates legislation and practice of shared custody in Spain. This article uses the INE Statistics of nullities, separations and divorces, as the main data source analyzing it from its microdata. It is concluded that the existence of a specific law has triggered shared custodies; however, this practice has increased in those Autonomous Communities where it was previously more frequent. Yet, other variables also intervene in the assignment of shared custodies, as confirmed by the cases of the Balearic Islands or the Valencian Community.

Fuerzas Armadas y medios de comunicación: la mujer como elemento modernizador

Nowadays, obesity (OB) is one of the most important health problems in population-wide health. In addition to its physical consequences, it is a risk factor for the development of psychological problems, including body dissatisfaction (BD). This is why the treatment of BD is essential for its prevention. However, this has mostly been studied from a quantitative perspective, without focusing on the discomfort experienced by the person and the accompanying thoughts and emotions. In this study, 26 women with obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m²) participated, of whom 16 had high BD and 10 had low BD, as measured by the BSQ questionnaire. The women with high BD underwent six sessions of exposure to their own body in front of a mirror, recording the discomfort experienced with this vision during the session. In addition, all participants recorded positive and negative thoughts towards their body before and after these sessions. After the exposure treatment sessions, a reduction in symptomatology (BD, discomfort when visualizing one’s own body) was observed, as well as a change in the thoughts expressed by the participants, both in quantity (fewer negative thoughts) and in quality (a more positive self-perception and/or in more respectful terms used towards themselves). In conclusion, such treatments prove to be effective in reducing subjective discomfort and body-related thoughts in women with obesity.

España ha registrado, durante las últimas décadas, las transformaciones más significativas relacionadas con las rupturas matrimoniales. Desde la reaparición de la posibilidad legal de ruptura, hasta sustanciales reformas en época más reciente, relacionadas con la Ley 15/2005. Este proceso ha sucedido sin un análisis de la incidencia de las reformas legales sobre la propia evolución de las rupturas, que es el objetivo principal de este trabajo. Utilizando los datos disponibles en el Consejo General del Poder Judicial (CGPJ) y el Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) se analizan las tendencias de las rupturas. Se concluye que las variaciones en las rupturas se han producido, en gran medida, de forma ajena a la introducción de reformas legales, si bien es cierto que las reformas tienen una incidencia relevante, aunque temporal.