Purpose: The aim of the study was to adapt the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire Version-3 (COPSOQ-3) into the Turkish language. Methods: This is a methodologic study. The field study occurred in four workplaces (call center, hospital, plastic and metal industries). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity were used to assess the suitability of the sample for factor analysis. The principal component analysis and varimax rotation methods were used to identify the factor structure.The internal consistency was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: In total, 1076 respondents' questionnaires were evaluated. Fifty-eight percent of the participants were men and the mean age was 31.1 ± 7.7. Sampling adequacy was considered adequate (KMO =0.929). The factor analysis of the Turkish COPSOQ (COPSOQ-TR) identified 19 factors with eigenvalues higher than one and explained 66.1% of the total variance. The Cronbach's alpha values of 23 dimensions were over 0.70. The Cronbach's alpha values of control over working time and predictability were 0.54 and 0.66, respectively. The model was an excellent fit (Chi-Square = 8514.5, x²/df = 2.48, RMSEA = 0.038, SRMR = 0.053, CFI = 0.98). Conclusions: Findings show that COPSOQ-TR is a reliable and valid instrument that can be a useful tool to measure psychosocial risks in the Turkish language.

According to the Turkey Burden of Disease Study, 10% of the national burden of disease is attributed to cardiovascular diseases. Although the standardized coronary heart disease (CHD) rate is falling in general, CHD prevalence among young people is rising. On the other hand, as a result of increased life expectancy and higher retirement ages, the CHD rate among workers is also increasing. Therefore, work ability and return to work after diagnosis are important for population health and well-being. Socioeconomic factors and working conditions may play a key role as well as clinical conditions described in the literature that affect returning to work. The aims of this qualitative study are exploring the changes in employment and working conditions of the patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and affecting factors such as socioeconomic, personal and environmental. Qualitative research. The research population are fifty-three patients who are engaged in paid employment when the people have been diagnosed with myocardial infarction for the first time between 2011 and 2012 at a university hospital coronary care unit. We intended to reach the whole population. Twenty-seven patients were contacted whose phone numbers were accessible from the hospital records. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with twelve patients in a meeting room at the hospital. The interviews were tape-recorded accompanied by note-taking and the content analysis method were evaluated. While many of the participants continued to work at the same job by working less, one third of them said that they were thinking about getting an easier job if they have the opportunity. On the other hand, in most cases, there were neither assessments about their work ability, nor changes to their working conditions after AMI. They had to cope with their conditions, such as economic or psychosocial, without any support. While the patients have to return to work for economic and social reasons, they expressed uncertainty about working after a diagnosis of AMI and could not reach professional support to assess their work abilities. Therefore, specific algorithms and assessment tools to manage the return to work of AMI patients would be useful.

Objective This study uses a modelling approach to compare the potential impact of future risk factor scenarios relating to smoking, physical activity levels, dietary salt, saturated fat intake, mean body mass index (BMI) levels, diabetes prevalence and fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption on future coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in Turkey for year 2025. Design A CHD mortality model previously developed and validated in Turkey was extended to predict potential trends in CHD mortality from 2008 to 2025. Setting Using risk factor trends data from recent surveys as a baseline, we modelled alternative evidence-based future risk factor scenarios (modest/ideal scenarios). Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to account for uncertainties. Subject Projected populations in 2025 (aged 25–84) of 54 million in Turkey. Results Assuming lower mortality, modest policy changes in risk factors would result in ∼25 635 (range: 20 290–31 125) fewer CHD deaths in the year 2025; 35.6% attributed to reductions in salt consumption, 20.9% to falls in diabetes, 14.6% to declines in saturated fat intake and 13.6% to increase in F&V intake. In the ideal scenario, 45 950 (range: 36 780–55 450) CHD deaths could be prevented in 2025. Again, 33.2% of this would be attributed to reductions in salt reduction, 19.8% to increases in F&V intake, 16.7% to reductions in saturated fat intake and 14.0% to the fall in diabetes prevalence. Conclusions Only modest risk factor changes in salt, saturated/unsaturated fats and F&V intake could prevent around 16 000 CHD deaths in the year 2025 in Turkey, even assuming mortality continues to decline. Implementation of population-based, multisectoral interventions to reduce salt and saturated fat consumption and increase F&V consumption should be scaled up in Turkey.

Bu kesitsel çalışmada tekstil sektöründe bir iş yerinde psikososyal riskler ve mental sağlık birlikteliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 407 çalışana psikososyal risk değerlendirme ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın bağımlı değişkeni mental sağlık durumu, Genel Sağlık Anketi’nin (GSA) 12 soruluk formu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Temel bağımsız değişkenler, KOPSOR-TR-kısa ile değerlendirilen psikososyal riskler, yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, öğrenim düzeyi, mesleki sınıf, kronik hastalık öyküsü, mevcut iş yerinde çalışma süresi, vardiyalı çalışma durumu, günlük çalışma saati, gece çalışma durumu, yöneticilik görevi varlığı, iş kazası geçirme durumudur. İstatistik analizlerde tanımlayıcı istatistikler sayı ve yüzde olarak, dağılım istatistikleri ise ortalama ve standart hata olarak belirtilmiştir. İki gruplu sürekli değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız gruplarda t testi kullanmıştır. Kategorik değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında ki kare testi yapılmıştır. Çok değişkenli analizlerde lojistik regresyon modelleri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada psikososyal riskler içerisinde sırasıyla en çok çalışma hızının yüksek olması, tanınırlık eksikliği, işe etki eksikliği, sosyal destek eksikliği öncelikli riskler olarak saptanmıştır. Kadınların psikososyal risk puanları erkeklerden daha yüksektir. Mesleksel sınıfa göre değerlendirildiğinde psikososyal risklerin çoğu beyaz yakalılarda mavi yakalılara göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Mental sağlık beyaz yakalıların %76’sında kötü saptanırken; mavi yakalılarda bu oran %84’tür ve bu fark anlamlıdır (p<0.05). Beyaz yakalılarda yaş ve cinsiyete göre düzeltildiğinde psikososyal risklerin çoğunun mental sağlık üzerine olumsuz etkileri olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu bulguya ek olarak tekstil sektöründe çalışan beyaz yakalıların da literatürde bildirilen mavi yakalılar kadar psikososyal risklerden etkilenme riskleri olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Anahtar kelimeler: KOPSOR, psikososyal, tekstil, mental sağlık, GSA.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases,acute exacerbation,readmission,discharge,rehospitalization