Solute carrier (SLC) transporters constitute a vast superfamily of transmembrane proteins tasked with regulating the transport of various substances such as metabolites, nutrients, ions, and drugs across cellular membranes. SLC transporters exhibit coordinated expression patterns across normal tissues, suggesting a tightly regulated regulatory network governing normal cellular functions. These transporters are crucial for the transport of various metabolites, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. However, during tumor development, metabolic changes drive an increased demand for energy and nutrients. Consequently, tumor cells alter the expression of SLC transporters to meet their heightened nutrient requirements. Targeting SLCs through inhibition or activation presents a promising therapeutic approach in cancer treatment. Certain SLCs also serve as intriguing chemo-sensitizing targets, as modulating their activity can potentially alter the response to chemotherapy. This review underscores the significance of various SLCs in tumor progression and underscores their potential as both direct and indirect targets for cancer therapy.