Dietary alternatives using insect-based products as an alternative for farm animal nutrition have been the object of study due to the high nutritional value of these feeds and the costs related to both their production and consequently their commercialization. Thus, the use of flies, especially larvae, has a high content of proteins and lipids (fat), as well as minerals and essential nutrients for development and growth, directly impacting the production of these animals, whether meat or milk. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compile data from the literature on the nutritional value of adults and larvae of Black soldier (Hermetia illucens) and housefly (Musca domestica) as a dietary alternative for animal feed. The Prisma checklist was used. After reviewing the data found in the literature, following the systematic review, it was noted that studies emerge that larvae of black soldier flies and domestic flies of the order Diptera obtain essential sources in the nutrition of ruminants, in addition to obtaining rapid digestibility, thus adhering to reproduction with high nutritional content, due to incident levels of protein, lipids, and minerals in M. domestica and Lucilia sericata, making it a target for inclusion in the diet of farm animals. In addition, it is concluded that both species are studied for their sustainable potential as well as for offering greater economic and nutritional viability when compared to ingredients present in production animal feed.

The nutritional composition of bovine liver, particularly in terms of vitamins E, β-carotene, and cholesterol concentration, is significantly influenced by the cattle-rearing system and diet. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of four predominant cattle-rearing systems in the Eastern Amazon region on the vitamin E, β-carotene content, and cholesterol levels in bovine liver during the rainy season. Liver-tissue samples were collected from 48 cattle, with twelve specimens representing each rearing system. The systems encompassed two native pastures located in flood-prone areas, cultivated pastures on upland terrain and a confinement-rearing system. Our findings indicate that, when considering all rearing systems collectively, there were no significant differences in the levels of vitamins and cholesterol in the liver tissues (p > 0.05). However, a marked disparity in cholesterol levels emerged when comparing intensive rearing systems to extensive ones, with the former demonstrating notably higher concentrations (p = 0.01). Additionally, the intensive rearing system was associated with elevated levels of β-carotene (p < 0.01), α-tocopherol (p = 0.01), and β-tocopherol (p = 0.01) relative to the extensive systems. No significant variations were observed amongst the different extensive systems (p > 0.05). These results suggest that, while all rearing systems yielded liver tissues with typical concentrations of vitamins and cholesterol, the intensive rearing system led to a higher accumulation of certain vitamin compounds. This study highlights the substantial nutritional implications of different cattle-rearing systems in the Eastern Amazon and provides valuable insights for developing dietary strategies to optimize the nutritional quality of bovine liver. Therefore, the generated results are groundbreaking in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil, and inspire the development of new research projects to address other demands in this field and achieve additional outcomes.

The scientific literature currently lacks studies that evaluate the nutritional composition of the tissues of cattle raised in different systems, so that the nutritional effects can be known and used to enhance consumption and use in the diet. The aim was therefore to assess whether the mineral content of muscle tissue (longissimus lumborum) in cattle finished during the rainy season in the Eastern Amazon is influenced by different farming systems. The treatments consisted of four systems (three pasture production systems and one feedlot system). 1. native wetland pasture in Santa Cruz do Arari (Mesoregion of Marajó); 2. native wetland pasture in Monte Alegre (Mesoregion of Baixo Amazonas); 3. cultivated dryland pasture in São Miguel do Guamá (Mesoregion of Nordeste Paraense); and 4. Confinement in Santa Izabel do Pará (Metropolitan Region of Belém). The analyses were carried out on samples of the longissimus lumborum muscle tissue of 48 male, castrated, crossbred Nelore cattle, twelve per breeding system, from commercial farms, destined for meat production, finished during the rainiest period of the year (between January and June). In systems 1 and 2, the animals were slaughtered in licensed slaughterhouses; the animals in systems 3 and 4 were slaughtered in commercial slaughterhouses. Food sampling and chemical analysis, soil sample collection and analysis, longissimus lumborum muscle tissue collection, sample preparation and digestion, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized in a linear model with four rearing systems and one period (rainy). The data was compared using the Statistical Analysis Systems (SAS) program. All analyses were carried out considering a significance level of 0.05. Samples of the diets offered (pasture and concentrate) were also collected. The Amazon systems influenced the macro- and micromineral content in the muscles of cattle (p < 0.05). The interaction between pasture systems vs. confinement showed differences in the minerals calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) (p < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the values of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) between the rearing systems (p > 0.05). By contrast, the cultivated pasture system vs. extensive pasture showed differences in all the elements evaluated (p < 0.05). The rearing systems of the Eastern Amazon influenced the mineral content of beef, which continues to be an excellent source of macro- and microminerals and can compose the human diet.

Tendo em vista o aumento da produção da palma de óleo no estado do Pará e seu crescente uso na produção animal, a pesquisa objetivou avaliar o consumo de níveis crescentes de torta de palmiste (TP) por bubalinos criados na Amazônia. Utilizou-se 12 fêmeas bubalinas mestiças das raças Murrah e Mediterrâneo, com idade e peso médio iniciais de 34 meses e 514±69,88kg, respectivamente, pertencentes ao rebanho experimental da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, durante 21 dias. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e três repetições por tratamento. Os níveis de suplementação de torta de palmiste foram determinados em função do peso corporal: 0% (controle), de TP (0,25%), TP (0,50%), e TP (1,00%). Foram avaliados, consumo da matéria natural (CMN), matéria seca (CMS), matéria orgânica (CMO), proteína bruta (CPB), extrato etéreo (CEE), fibra detergente neutro (CFDN), fibra detergente ácido (CFDA) e cinza (CCZ), dentro de cada dieta experimental. Para os CMS, CPB, CMO, CEE, CFDA e CFDN, comparando-se os níveis de inclusão ao tratamento controle, observou-se diferença altamente significativa (p<0,01), e médias superiores ao controle pelo teste de Dunnett, para todos os tratamentos, demonstrando a influência da inclusão da torta, sobre o consumo, nas referidas variáveis. De acordo com os resultados da pesquisa, a torta de palmiste pontua como uma boa alternativa para a suplementação de bubalinos.

Este trabalho avaliou a influência da dieta com diferentes tipos de óleos sob os atributos sensoriais da carne de cordeiros, realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Castanhal, Pará, com 30 cordeiros machos inteiros Santa Inês × Dorper, distribuídos em três tratamentos e dez repetições, por 80 dias. No tratamento 1 (T1) óleo de soja in natura, no T2, óleo de soja após o processo de fritura e no T3, óleo de palma. Nas 3 dietas foi utilizada a relação volumoso:concentrado 40:60. Os animais foram abatidos de acordo com as normas do Regulamento da Inspeção Industrial e Sanitária de Produtos de Origem Animal - RIISPOA. A análise sensorial foi realizada por painel com 55 provadores aleatórios e não treinados, utilizando o músculo Semimembranosus, usando a escala hedônica de nove pontos e os atributos cor, sabor, maciez e aroma. O cálculo do Índice de Aceitabilidade do produto. Nenhuma característica estudada foi influenciada (P>0,05) com adição dos diferentes tipos de óleos na dieta. O índice de aceitabilidade dos tratamentos com óleo de fritura residual (T2) e com óleo de palma (T3) foi superior a 70%, que alcançou o critério para ser considerado produto de boa aceitação. O T1 apresentou a maioria dos quesitos abaixo de 70%, exceto o sabor da carne, que alcançou o índice de aceitabilidade de 78,77%. Conclui-se que a utilização de óleo de soja in natura, óleo de fritura residual e óleo de palma, adicionados à dieta de cordeiros inteiros, não alteram cor, sabor, textura e odor da carne.

O trabalho objetivou utilizar o aplicativo Horse Grimace Scale (HGS) para avaliar o bem-estar de equinos, submetidos às condições de clima da Amazônia Oriental. A pesquisa foi conduzida no Centro Hípico (latitude 1°23'33.4" sul e longitude 48°24'27.6"oeste), Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil, durante o período menos chuvoso do ano. Foram utilizados 14 equinos machos, sendo oito da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo (BH) e seis sem raça definida (SRD), com cerca de 12 anos de idade e peso médio de 492,55 Kg. Nos turnos da manhã (de 8h00 às 9h00) e tarde (de 14h00 às 15h00) foram registrados dados de temperatura do ar (TA), umidade relativa do ar (UR) e temperatura de globo negro (TGN) para cálculo dos índices de conforto ambiental Índice de Temperatura e Umidade (ITU) e Índice de Temperatura de Globo e Umidade (ITGU) e foram medidos dados de expressão facial dos animais com o uso do aplicativo Horse Grimace Scale (HGS), a fim de medir o bem-estar. Foi constatada diferença significativa (P<0,05) de ITGU, ITU e HGS entre os turnos, onde os maiores valores foram encontrados durante a tarde. Os equinos BH e SRD estão sujeitos a ambiente hostil nas condições climáticas da Amazônia Oriental, e o turno da tarde é o mais propício a causar estresse térmico.