We examine the gamma-ray quasi-periodic variability of PKS 2155-304 with the latest publicly available Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data, which covers the years from 2008 August to 2016 October. We produce the light curves in two ways: the exposure-weighted aperture photometry and the maximum likelihood optimization. The light curves are then analyzed by using Lomb-Scargle Periodogram (LSP) and Weighted Wavelet Z-transform, and the results reveal a significant quasi-periodicity with a period of 1.74 ± 0.13 years and a significance of ∼4.9σ. The constraint of multifrequencies quasi-periodic variabilities on blazar emission model is discussed.

We investigate the physical properties of BL Lac objects (BL Lacs) jets by modelling the quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 22 Fermi BL Lacs in the frame of a simple one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. We obtained the best-fitting model parameters and their uncertainties for each BL Lac through the χ²-minimization procedure and discussed their implications on the physical processes. The modelling results show that the one-zone SSC model can successfully fit the SEDs of high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) and intermediate-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs (IBLs), but fails to explain the SEDs of low-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs. The statistical analysis results for model parameters are summarized as follows. (1) No correlation is found between magnetic field (B) and the broken energy of relativistic electrons distribution ( $\gamma ^{\prime }_{\rm b}$ ) for HBLs and IBLs, but there are inverse correlations between $\gamma ^{\prime }_{\rm b}$ and the radius of emitting blob ( $R^{\prime }_{\rm b}$ ) as well as the electrons number $K^{\prime }_{\rm e}$ for HBLs and IBLs. It is therefore concluded that the variation of $\gamma ^{\prime }_{\rm b}$ is mainly caused by that of $R^{\prime }_{\rm b}$ rather than B for HBLs and IBLs. (2) The Poynting flux in jets cannot account for the observed radiations since the power in Poynting flux is smaller than the radiative power, and the cold protons could be the primary energy carrier in the jets.

We report a nominally high-confidence γ-ray quasi-periodic modulation in the blazar PKS 0301–243. For this target, we analyze its Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data from 2008 August to 2017 May. Two techniques, i.e., maximum likelihood optimization and exposure-weighted aperture photometry, are used to build the γ-ray light curves. Then, both the Lomb–Scargle periodogram and the weighted wavelet Z-transform are applied to the light curves to search for period signals. A quasi-periodicity with a period of 2.1 ± 0.3 yr appears at the significance level of , although it should be noted that this putative quasi-period variability is seen in a data set that is barely four times longer. We speculate that this γ-ray quasi-periodic modulation may be evidence of a binary supermassive black hole.

Blazar variability may be driven by stochastic processes. On the other hand, quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) behaviors were recently reported to be detected in the Fermi-LAT data of blazars. However, the significances of these QPO signals given by traditional Fourier-like methods are still questioned. We analyze γ-ray light curves of the QPO blazars with two Gaussian process methods, CARMA and celerite, to examine the appropriateness of Gaussian processes for characterizing γ-ray light curves of blazars and the existence of the reported QPOs. We collect a sample of 27 blazars with possible γ-ray periodicity and generate their ∼11 yr Fermi-LAT light curves. We apply the Gaussian process models to the γ-ray light curves, and build their intrinsic power spectral densities (PSDs). The results show that in general the γ-ray light curves can be characterized by CARMA and celerite models, indicating that γ-ray variabilities of blazars are essentially Gaussian processes. The resulting PSDs are generally the red noise shapes with slopes between −0.6 and −1.7. Possible evidence for the γ-ray QPOs in PKS 0537−441 and PG 1553+113 are found in the Gaussian process modelings.

We report the discovery of an ultrahigh-energy (UHE) gamma-ray source, LHAASO J2108+5157, by analyzing the LHAASO-KM2A data of 308.33 live days. A significant excess of gamma ray–induced showers is observed in both energy bands of 25−100 and >100 TeV with 9.5σ and 8.5σ, respectively. This source is not significantly favored as an extended source with an angular extension smaller than the point-spread function of KM2A. The measured energy spectrum from 20 to 200 TeV can be approximately described by a power-law function with an index of −2.83 ± 0.18_stat. A harder spectrum is demanded at lower energies considering the flux upper limit set by Fermi-LAT observations. The position of the gamma-ray emission is correlated with a giant molecular cloud, which favors a hadronic origin. No obvious counterparts have been found, and deeper multiwavelength observations will help to cast new light on this intriguing UHE source.