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Dr. Youngwoo Nam
National Institute of Forest Science

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Predicting model
0 pine wilt disease (PWD)
0 entomological ecology
0 Entomology, entomopathogenic fungi, Pest management, Biological control, Insect control
0 Forest insects

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Review
Published: 15 August 2019 in Forests
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Understanding the occurrence patterns of forest pests is fundamental for effective forest management from both economic and ecological perspectives. Here, we review the history of the occurrence patterns and causes of outbreaks and declines of pests in Korean pine forests over the last 50 years. During this period, the major pests of pine forests in Korea have shifted from pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler) to the pine needle gall midge (PNGM, Thecodiplosis japonensis (Uchida and Inouye)) and finally to pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle). Outbreaks of pine caterpillar, a native species in Korea, have been recorded as far back as 900 years, and it was the most relevant forest pest in Korea until the 1970s. The decline of its importance has been attributed to reforestation and higher levels of subsequent natural enemy activity. The PNGM is an invasive species, first discovered in Korea in 1929, that became widely distributed by 1992 and the major forest pest in the 1980s and 1990s. A suite of parasitic wasps attacking the PNGM contributed at least partially to the decline of PNGM densities. Following the decline of the PNGM, damage from PWD has increased since 2003. These shifts in major forest pests might be related to changes in forest composition and interactions among forest pests. Therefore, a new management strategy for controlling forest pests is required to mitigate the decline of pine forests in Korea.

ACS Style

Won Il Choi; Youngwoo Nam; Cha Young Lee; Byoung Ki Choi; Yu Jin Shin; Jong-Hwan Lim; Sang-Hyun Koh; Young-Seuk Park. Changes in Major Insect Pests of Pine Forests in Korea Over the Last 50 Years. Forests 2019, 10, 692 .

AMA Style

Won Il Choi, Youngwoo Nam, Cha Young Lee, Byoung Ki Choi, Yu Jin Shin, Jong-Hwan Lim, Sang-Hyun Koh, Young-Seuk Park. Changes in Major Insect Pests of Pine Forests in Korea Over the Last 50 Years. Forests. 2019; 10 (8):692.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Won Il Choi; Youngwoo Nam; Cha Young Lee; Byoung Ki Choi; Yu Jin Shin; Jong-Hwan Lim; Sang-Hyun Koh; Young-Seuk Park. 2019. "Changes in Major Insect Pests of Pine Forests in Korea Over the Last 50 Years." Forests 10, no. 8: 692.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2017 in Forests
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We characterized the dispersal patterns of pine wilt disease (PWD) in the early stage of its invasion in the South Korea, and estimated the influence of environmental factors on the dispersal of PWD. Data were obtained in 10 regions with at least five consecutive years of data for 10 years from 1994 to 2005. The dispersal patterns of PWD were categorized into four types: type 1 is a jumping type of dispersal, forming new patches; type 2 infestations are ones without any expansion of patch size; and types 3 and 4, respectively, show uni-directional or multi-directional dispersal outward from an existing patch. Dispersal patterns changed during different phases of the pathogen’s invasion history: type 1 was the most frequent in the early invasion stage. Annual dispersal distance showed regional variations. Human population density had a positive correlation with the dispersal distance of PWD, indicating that anthropogenic factors can contribute to the dispersal of PWD. Our results suggested that dispersal through jumping from areas occupied by PWD was the main dispersal route in the early stage of invasion and that after this phase, the existing colonies expanded and merged. These results supported the existence of stratified dispersal patterns of PWD.

ACS Style

Won Il Choi; Hye Jung Song; Dong Soo Kim; Dae-Sung Lee; Cha-Young Lee; Youngwoo Nam; Joon-Bum Kim; Young-Seuk Park. Dispersal Patterns of Pine Wilt Disease in the Early Stage of Its Invasion in South Korea. Forests 2017, 8, 411 .

AMA Style

Won Il Choi, Hye Jung Song, Dong Soo Kim, Dae-Sung Lee, Cha-Young Lee, Youngwoo Nam, Joon-Bum Kim, Young-Seuk Park. Dispersal Patterns of Pine Wilt Disease in the Early Stage of Its Invasion in South Korea. Forests. 2017; 8 (11):411.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Won Il Choi; Hye Jung Song; Dong Soo Kim; Dae-Sung Lee; Cha-Young Lee; Youngwoo Nam; Joon-Bum Kim; Young-Seuk Park. 2017. "Dispersal Patterns of Pine Wilt Disease in the Early Stage of Its Invasion in South Korea." Forests 8, no. 11: 411.