Understanding households’ land use decisions is an input to policymakers, and rural land users to raise food security in the face of rapidly increasing world populations. It is also crucial to promote the efficiency households’ land use. This study investigates the profitability and factors influencing rural households’ land use decisions. For this study multistage sampling procedure was employed to choose the study area and 185 sample households were randomly selected. The obtained data were analyzed using financial analysis and a multivariate probit econometric model.The results publicized that the economic profitability of Eucalyptus woodlot land was highly greater than that of other land uses as indicated by the three performance indicators. The multivariate probit eonometric model results indicate that the age of the household head, household size, on-farm income, land tenure security, land size, access to extension services, land ownership, access to the market, and the number of tropical livestock units statistically and significantly affect rural household land use decisions. Therefore, attention should be given to the design of policies and strategies for encouraging Eucalyptus woodlot-based land use which is more economically feasible than other land uses without undermining the food security status of rural households. Clinical trial number: Clinical trial number is not applicable.

Aim: In Ethiopia, Teff is an important cereal crop, 24.02% of all land under civilization is covered by Teff and contributes 17.57% to grain products, which is the alternative coming from maize. The country productivity of Teff was 1.756 tons/ hectare. Between 2004 and 2014, 6.2 million farmers produced teff out of the 12 million small-scale farmers in the nation. Teff is primarily full-grown in the Amhara (40.59%) and Oromiya (46.57%) regions of Ethiopia, with smaller amounts also produced in Tigray (5.64%) and the South Nation and Nationalities People (6.68%) regions. The main objective this review is to investigate teff production and marketing in Ethiopia. Methods: A systematic review article was established using a systematic review of related literature from various sources in order to review this paper. Most papers are systematically investigated from different international listed journals using keyword selections similar as teff production and constraint, market actors of teff market, and value chain of teff that have connection with the production and marketing of teff. Results: High input costs, soil erosion, weeds, the presence of diseases, and limited credit access are the main obstacles to teff production. Producers, farmer dealers, city collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers are the majority of Teff's market participants. The country's average selling price, gross margin, and gross returns are 2180.4, 157.2, and 141.24 birr per hectare, respectively. Lack of market information, multiple taxes, shaky market connections, lack of infrastructure, subpar storing and processing, and low development strategies for commodities are the main obstacles to teff marketing. Conclusion: To establish a clear teff market expansion for the benefit of all market players, regulations about the efficient or sufficient delivery of agricultural inputs, the development of infrastructure, and the implementation of suitable pricing methods are very essential to raise the production and productivity teff in Ethiopia.