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Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs) introduce ad-hoc networking into the context of flying nodes, allowing real-time communication between these nodes and ground control stations. Due to the nature of this kind of node, the structure of a FANET is dynamic, changing very often. Since it has applications in military scenarios and other mission-critical systems, an agile and reliable network is essential with robust and efficient routing protocols. Nonetheless, maintaining an acceptable network delay generated by the selection of routes remains a considerable challenge, owing to the nodes’ high mobility. This article addresses this problem by proposing a routing scheme based on an improved Q-Learning algorithm to reduce network delay in scenarios with high-mobility, called Q-FANET. This proposal has its performance evaluated and compared with other state-of-the-art methods using the WSNET simulator. The experiments provide evidence that the Q-FANET presents lower delay, a minor increase in packet delivery ratio, and significant lower jitter compared with other reinforcement learning-based routing protocols.
Luis Antonio L.F. da Costa; Rafael Kunst; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Q-FANET: Improved Q-learning based routing protocol for FANETs. Computer Networks 2021, 198, 108379 .
AMA StyleLuis Antonio L.F. da Costa, Rafael Kunst, Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Q-FANET: Improved Q-learning based routing protocol for FANETs. Computer Networks. 2021; 198 ():108379.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Antonio L.F. da Costa; Rafael Kunst; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. 2021. "Q-FANET: Improved Q-learning based routing protocol for FANETs." Computer Networks 198, no. : 108379.
Emerging surveillance applications of UAV teams rely on secure communication to exchange information, coordinate their movements, and fulfill mission objectives. Protecting the network by identifying malicious nodes that are trying to disturb the system is an important task, particularly in the military domain. This paper presents the design and evaluation of UAVouch, an identity and location validation scheme that combines a public-key based authentication mechanism with a movement plausibility check for groups of UAVs. The key idea of UAVouch is to supplement the authentication mechanism by periodically checking the plausibility of the locations of neighboring UAVs, allowing the detection of intruders that are unable to follow expected trajectories. The proposed solution was evaluated in a simulated military surveillance scenario in which it detected malicious nodes’ position falsification attacks with an average accuracy of above 85%.
Carlos Felipe Emygdio De Melo; Tulio Dapper E Silva; Felipe Boeira; Jorgito Matiuzzi Stocchero; Alexey Vinel; Mikael Asplund; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. UAVouch: A Secure Identity and Location Validation Scheme for UAV-networks. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 1 -1.
AMA StyleCarlos Felipe Emygdio De Melo, Tulio Dapper E Silva, Felipe Boeira, Jorgito Matiuzzi Stocchero, Alexey Vinel, Mikael Asplund, Edison Pignaton De Freitas. UAVouch: A Secure Identity and Location Validation Scheme for UAV-networks. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Felipe Emygdio De Melo; Tulio Dapper E Silva; Felipe Boeira; Jorgito Matiuzzi Stocchero; Alexey Vinel; Mikael Asplund; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. 2021. "UAVouch: A Secure Identity and Location Validation Scheme for UAV-networks." IEEE Access 9, no. : 1-1.
Young, older, frail, and disabled individuals can require some form of monitoring or assistance, mainly when critical situations occur, such as falling and wandering. Healthcare facilities are increasingly interested in e-health systems that can detect and respond to emergencies on time. Indoor localization is an essential function in such e-health systems, and it typically relies on wireless sensor networks (WSN) composed of fixed and mobile nodes. Nodes in the network can become permanently or momentarily unavailable due to, for example, power failures, being out of range, and wrong placement. Consequently, unavailable sensors not providing data can compromise the system’s overall function. One approach to overcome the problem is to employ virtual sensors as replacements for unavailable sensors and generate synthetic but still realistic data. This paper investigated the viability of modelling and artificially reproducing the path of a monitored target tracked by a WSN with unavailable sensors. Particularly, the case with just a single sensor was explored. Based on the coordinates of the last measured positions by the unavailable node, a neural network was trained with 4 min of not very linear data to reproduce the behavior of a sensor that become unavailable for about 2 min. Such an approach provided reasonably successful results, especially for areas close to the room’s entrances and exits, which are critical for the security monitoring of patients in healthcare facilities.
Guilherme Pedrollo; Andréa Konzen; Wagner de Morais; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Using Smart Virtual-Sensor Nodes to Improve the Robustness of Indoor Localization Systems. Sensors 2021, 21, 3912 .
AMA StyleGuilherme Pedrollo, Andréa Konzen, Wagner de Morais, Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Using Smart Virtual-Sensor Nodes to Improve the Robustness of Indoor Localization Systems. Sensors. 2021; 21 (11):3912.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuilherme Pedrollo; Andréa Konzen; Wagner de Morais; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. 2021. "Using Smart Virtual-Sensor Nodes to Improve the Robustness of Indoor Localization Systems." Sensors 21, no. 11: 3912.
This paper presents a study about a runtime mechanism to monitor the performance degradation in intra-vehicular networks. The proposed mechanism focuses on the integration of fault modeling in communication protocols, as non-functional requirements (NFR), using aspect-oriented modeling (AOM), to model the performance degradation generated by faults, linking test and design phases of distributed control systems. A case study analyzing the mechanism performance in both CAN and CAN-FD protocols was conducted considering the NFR specification related to fault disturbances. In order to evaluate and simulate the mechanism under real fault scenarios, an active suspension control system was considered as an example of a critical control system and faults were injected using the hardware Vector VH6501 (CAN disturbance interface). The network performance analysis was made based on the software Vector CANoe considering different network busloads and CAN/CAN-FD rates between 1 to 4 Mbps. Results show that the mechanism efficiently detects anomalous events on performance with short response time with busloads up to 30%. The performed experiments show better performance on CAN-FD registering lower average jitter during fault injection in all busloads tested scenarios.
Alexandre Dos Santos Roque; Nasser Jazdi; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Carlos Eduardo Pereira. A Fault Modeling Based Runtime Diagnostic Mechanism for Vehicular Distributed Control Systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2021, PP, 1 -13.
AMA StyleAlexandre Dos Santos Roque, Nasser Jazdi, Edison Pignaton De Freitas, Carlos Eduardo Pereira. A Fault Modeling Based Runtime Diagnostic Mechanism for Vehicular Distributed Control Systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 2021; PP (99):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandre Dos Santos Roque; Nasser Jazdi; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Carlos Eduardo Pereira. 2021. "A Fault Modeling Based Runtime Diagnostic Mechanism for Vehicular Distributed Control Systems." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems PP, no. 99: 1-13.
The rapid growth of stream applications in financial markets, health care, education, social media, and sensor networks represents a remarkable milestone for data processing and analytic in recent years, leading to new challenges to handle Big Data in real-time. Traditionally, a single cloud infrastructure often holds the deployment of Stream Processing applications because it has extensive and adaptative virtual computing resources. Hence, data sources send data from distant and different locations of the cloud infrastructure, increasing the application latency. The cloud infrastructure may be geographically distributed and it requires to run a set of frameworks to handle communication. These frameworks often comprise a Message Queue System and a Stream Processing Framework. The frameworks explore Multi-Cloud deploying each service in a different cloud and communication via high latency network links. This creates challenges to meet real-time application requirements because the data streams have different and unpredictable latencies forcing cloud providers’ communication systems to adjust to the environment changes continually. Previous works explore static micro-batch demonstrating its potential to overcome communication issues. This paper introduces BurstFlow, a tool for enhancing communication across data sources located at the edges of the Internet and Big Data Stream Processing applications located in cloud infrastructures. BurstFlow introduces a strategy for adjusting the micro-batch sizes dynamically according to the time required for communication and computation. BurstFlow also presents an adaptive data partition policy for distributing incoming streams across available machines by considering memory and CPU capacities. The experiments use a real-world multi-cloud deployment showing that BurstFlow can reduce the execution time up to 77% when compared to the state-of-the-art solutions, improving CPU efficiency by up to 49%.
Paulo Ricardo Rodrigues De Souza; Kassiano J. Matteussi; Alexandre Da Silva Veith; Breno F. Zanchetta; Valderi R. Q. Leithardt; Alvaro L. Murciego; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Julio C. S. Dos Anjos; Claudio F. R. Geyer. Boosting Big Data Streaming Applications in Clouds With BurstFlow. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 219124 -219136.
AMA StylePaulo Ricardo Rodrigues De Souza, Kassiano J. Matteussi, Alexandre Da Silva Veith, Breno F. Zanchetta, Valderi R. Q. Leithardt, Alvaro L. Murciego, Edison Pignaton De Freitas, Julio C. S. Dos Anjos, Claudio F. R. Geyer. Boosting Big Data Streaming Applications in Clouds With BurstFlow. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):219124-219136.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaulo Ricardo Rodrigues De Souza; Kassiano J. Matteussi; Alexandre Da Silva Veith; Breno F. Zanchetta; Valderi R. Q. Leithardt; Alvaro L. Murciego; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Julio C. S. Dos Anjos; Claudio F. R. Geyer. 2020. "Boosting Big Data Streaming Applications in Clouds With BurstFlow." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 219124-219136.
In recent years, advanced threats against Cyber–Physical Systems (CPSs), such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, are increasing. Furthermore, traditional machine learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) often fail to efficiently detect such attacks when corrupted datasets are used for IDS training. To face these challenges, this paper proposes a novel error-robust multidimensional technique for DDoS attack detection. By applying the well-known Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD), initially, the average value of the common features among instances is filtered out from the dataset. Next, the filtered data are forwarded to machine learning classification algorithms in which traffic information is classified as a legitimate or a DDoS attack. In terms of results, the proposed scheme outperforms traditional low-rank approximation techniques, presenting an accuracy of 98.94%, detection rate of 97.70% and false alarm rate of 4.35% for a dataset corruption level of 30% with a random forest algorithm applied for classification. In addition, for error-free conditions, it is found that the proposed approach outperforms other related works, showing accuracy, detection rate and false alarm rate of 99.87%, 99.86% and 0.16%, respectively, for the gradient boosting classifier.
João Abreu Maranhão; João Carvalho Lustosa Da Costa; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Elnaz Javidi; Rafael Timóteo De Sousa Júnior. Error-Robust Distributed Denial of Service Attack Detection Based on an Average Common Feature Extraction Technique. Sensors 2020, 20, 5845 .
AMA StyleJoão Abreu Maranhão, João Carvalho Lustosa Da Costa, Edison Pignaton De Freitas, Elnaz Javidi, Rafael Timóteo De Sousa Júnior. Error-Robust Distributed Denial of Service Attack Detection Based on an Average Common Feature Extraction Technique. Sensors. 2020; 20 (20):5845.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoão Abreu Maranhão; João Carvalho Lustosa Da Costa; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Elnaz Javidi; Rafael Timóteo De Sousa Júnior. 2020. "Error-Robust Distributed Denial of Service Attack Detection Based on an Average Common Feature Extraction Technique." Sensors 20, no. 20: 5845.
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is one of the most important technologies that feed the growing field of Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks. Due to its flexibility and unique low power-consumption, an increasing number of industrial devices, household appliances and wearables are being designed using it. However, the real-time demands of these networks such as timing and Quality of Service are not fully covered by the protocol itself. To help improve and offer some control over these characteristics, this paper presents a time slot transmission scheme with packet prioritization. It is based on the division and allocation of the connection interval to two types of messages: real-time and ordinary. The goal is to offer the lowest packet loss and time guarantees for real-time messages, while providing acceptable throughput for ordinary ones. Since the probability of a BLE connection to close increases with the number of packets sent through it, the position where a real-time packet is being sent as well as the number of ordinary messages in a connection represent key factors. The use of the first and last slot for real-time packets with ordinary flow restricted to the space between them decreases the transmission delay uncertainty and allows probability tuning based on the number of ordinary messages. Simulations were performed using the proposed scheme and a reduction of more than 100 times in the delay variance was observed for real-time transmissions. Regarding reliability, around 5% of the packets were lost for a bit error rate of \({10^{-3}}\).
Daniel Agnoletto; Magnus Jonsson; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Time Slot Transmission Scheme with Packet Prioritization for Bluetooth Low Energy Devices used in Real-Time Applications. International Journal of Wireless Information Networks 2020, 1 -17.
AMA StyleDaniel Agnoletto, Magnus Jonsson, Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Time Slot Transmission Scheme with Packet Prioritization for Bluetooth Low Energy Devices used in Real-Time Applications. International Journal of Wireless Information Networks. 2020; ():1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Agnoletto; Magnus Jonsson; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. 2020. "Time Slot Transmission Scheme with Packet Prioritization for Bluetooth Low Energy Devices used in Real-Time Applications." International Journal of Wireless Information Networks , no. : 1-17.
In recent years, the fourth industrial revolution has attracted attention worldwide. Several concepts were born in conjunction with this new revolution, such as predictive maintenance. This study aims to investigate academic advances in failure prediction. The prediction of failures takes into account concepts as a predictive maintenance decision support system and a design support system. We focus on frameworks that use machine learning and reasoning for predictive maintenance in Industry 4.0. More specifically, we consider the challenges in the application of machine learning techniques and ontologies in the context of predictive maintenance. We conduct a systematic review of the literature (SLR) to analyze academic articles that were published online from 2015 until the beginning of June 2020. The screening process resulted in a final population of 38 studies of a total of 562 analyzed. We removed papers not directly related to predictive maintenance, machine learning, as well as researches classified as surveys or reviews. We discuss the proposals and results of these papers, considering three research questions. This article contributes to the field of predictive maintenance to highlight the challenges faced in the area, both for implementation and use-case. We conclude by pointing out that predictive maintenance is a hot topic in the context of Industry 4.0 but with several challenges to be better investigated in the area of machine learning and the application of reasoning.
Jovani Dalzochio; Rafael Kunst; Edison Pignaton; Alecio Binotto; Srijnan Sanyal; Jose Favilla; Jorge Barbosa. Machine learning and reasoning for predictive maintenance in Industry 4.0: Current status and challenges. Computers in Industry 2020, 123, 103298 .
AMA StyleJovani Dalzochio, Rafael Kunst, Edison Pignaton, Alecio Binotto, Srijnan Sanyal, Jose Favilla, Jorge Barbosa. Machine learning and reasoning for predictive maintenance in Industry 4.0: Current status and challenges. Computers in Industry. 2020; 123 ():103298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovani Dalzochio; Rafael Kunst; Edison Pignaton; Alecio Binotto; Srijnan Sanyal; Jose Favilla; Jorge Barbosa. 2020. "Machine learning and reasoning for predictive maintenance in Industry 4.0: Current status and challenges." Computers in Industry 123, no. : 103298.
Recent research and developments in cloud robotics (CR) require appropriate knowledge representation to ensure interoperable data, information, and knowledge sharing within cloud infrastructures. As an important branch of the Internet of Things (IoT), these demands to advance it forward motivates academic and industrial sectors to invest on it. The IEEE ’Ontologies for Robotics and Automation’ Working Group (ORA WG) has been developing standard ontologies for different robotic domains, including industrial and autonomous robots. The use of such robotic standards has the potential to benefit the Cloud Robotic Community (CRC) as well, supporting the provision of ubiquitous intelligent services by the CR-based systems. This paper explores this potential by developing an ontological approach for effective information sharing in cloud robotics scenarios. It presents an extension to the existing ontological standards to cater for the CR domain. The use of the new ontological elements is illustrated through its use in a couple of CR case studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work ever that implements an ontology comprising concepts and axioms applicable to the CR domain.
Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Joanna Isabelle Olszewska; Joel Luís Carbonera; Sandro R. Fiorini; Alaa Khamis; S. Veera Ragavan; Marcos E. Barreto; Edson Prestes; Maki K. Habib; Signe Redfield; Abdelghani Chibani; Paulo Gonçalves; Julita Bermejo Alonso; Ricardo Sanz; Elisa Tosello; Alberto Olivares-Alarcos; Andrea Aparecida Konzen; João Quintas; Howard Li. Ontological concepts for information sharing in cloud robotics. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2020, 1 -12.
AMA StyleEdison Pignaton De Freitas, Joanna Isabelle Olszewska, Joel Luís Carbonera, Sandro R. Fiorini, Alaa Khamis, S. Veera Ragavan, Marcos E. Barreto, Edson Prestes, Maki K. Habib, Signe Redfield, Abdelghani Chibani, Paulo Gonçalves, Julita Bermejo Alonso, Ricardo Sanz, Elisa Tosello, Alberto Olivares-Alarcos, Andrea Aparecida Konzen, João Quintas, Howard Li. Ontological concepts for information sharing in cloud robotics. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing. 2020; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdison Pignaton De Freitas; Joanna Isabelle Olszewska; Joel Luís Carbonera; Sandro R. Fiorini; Alaa Khamis; S. Veera Ragavan; Marcos E. Barreto; Edson Prestes; Maki K. Habib; Signe Redfield; Abdelghani Chibani; Paulo Gonçalves; Julita Bermejo Alonso; Ricardo Sanz; Elisa Tosello; Alberto Olivares-Alarcos; Andrea Aparecida Konzen; João Quintas; Howard Li. 2020. "Ontological concepts for information sharing in cloud robotics." Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing , no. : 1-12.
Smart vehicles are emerging as a possible solution for multiple concerns in road traffic, such as mobility and safety. This work presents radio localization methods based on simultaneous direction of arrival (DOA), time-delay, and range estimation using the SAGE algorithm. The proposed methods do not rely on external sources of information, such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The proposed methods take advantage of signals of opportunity and do not require the transmission of location-specific signals; therefore, they do not increase the network load. A set of simulations using synthetic and measured data is provided to validate the proposed methods, and the results show that it is possible to achieve accuracy down to decimeter and centimeter-level.
Marco Antonio Marques Marinho; Alexey Vinel; Fredrik Tufvesson; Felix Antreich; Joao Paulo Carvalho Lustosa Da Costa; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Spherical Wave Array Based Positioning for Vehicular Scenarios. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 110073 -110081.
AMA StyleMarco Antonio Marques Marinho, Alexey Vinel, Fredrik Tufvesson, Felix Antreich, Joao Paulo Carvalho Lustosa Da Costa, Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Spherical Wave Array Based Positioning for Vehicular Scenarios. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):110073-110081.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Antonio Marques Marinho; Alexey Vinel; Fredrik Tufvesson; Felix Antreich; Joao Paulo Carvalho Lustosa Da Costa; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. 2020. "Spherical Wave Array Based Positioning for Vehicular Scenarios." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 110073-110081.
Distributed vehicular control systems are responsible for safety-critical applications, depending on communication protocols. In this context, the FlexRay protocol is frequently applied for electronic control unit interconnection in critical applications. Thus, it must be tested in different fault scenarios to verify if the protocol could comply with hard timing constraints. Typical faults that have been studied are electrical fast transients, in which power switching systems can generate transients that degrade in-vehicle communication. Recent efforts focus on the specification of test methods for electromagnetic compatibility in communication transceivers, but without considering the negative impact on critical control system messages and its periodicity. This work presents a contribution by exploring the IEC 62228-3:2019 standard to guide the application of a test method with a specific test board to evaluate the impact of these faults on the control law performance of critical automotive control systems based on FlexRay protocol. The results show that during the test scenarios using the fault injection method, the transients cause performance degradation peaks between 2.9 and 94.5 $\mu$ s, much higher compared to a typical FlexRay delay. The results emphasize that critical control systems must be stressed with consistent tests to map fault behaviors, observing the operation limit under faults.
Alexandre Dos Santos Roque; Daniel H. Pohren; Renato Ventura Bayan Henriques; Edison Pignaton de Freitas; Carlos Eduardo Pereira. Impact Analysis of Electrical Fast Transients on FlexRay In-Vehicle Networks. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 2020, 63, 294 -303.
AMA StyleAlexandre Dos Santos Roque, Daniel H. Pohren, Renato Ventura Bayan Henriques, Edison Pignaton de Freitas, Carlos Eduardo Pereira. Impact Analysis of Electrical Fast Transients on FlexRay In-Vehicle Networks. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility. 2020; 63 (1):294-303.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandre Dos Santos Roque; Daniel H. Pohren; Renato Ventura Bayan Henriques; Edison Pignaton de Freitas; Carlos Eduardo Pereira. 2020. "Impact Analysis of Electrical Fast Transients on FlexRay In-Vehicle Networks." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 63, no. 1: 294-303.
Cloud robotics (CR) is currently a growing area in the robotic community. Indeed, the use of cloud computing to share data and resources of distributed robotic systems leads to the design and development of cloud robotic systems (CRS) which constitute useful technologies for a wide range of applications such as smart manufacturing, aid and rescue missions. However, in order to get coherent agent-to-cloud communications and efficient agent-to-agent collaboration within these CRS, there is a need to formalize the knowledge representation in CR. Hence, the use of ontologies provides a mean to define formal concepts and their relations in an interoperable way. This paper presents standard robotic ontologies and their extension in the CR domain as well as their possible implementations in the case of a real-world CR scenario.
Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Julita Bermejo-Alonso; Alaa Khamis; Howard Li; Joanna Isabelle Olszewska. Ontologies for cloud robotics. The Knowledge Engineering Review 2020, 35, 1 .
AMA StyleEdison Pignaton De Freitas, Julita Bermejo-Alonso, Alaa Khamis, Howard Li, Joanna Isabelle Olszewska. Ontologies for cloud robotics. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 2020; 35 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdison Pignaton De Freitas; Julita Bermejo-Alonso; Alaa Khamis; Howard Li; Joanna Isabelle Olszewska. 2020. "Ontologies for cloud robotics." The Knowledge Engineering Review 35, no. : 1.
Swarm-GAP is a heuristic that combines a swarm intelligence strategy with the generalized assignment problem (GAP) method. This approach is especially appropriate when there are agents engaged in a collaborative task, but in general, heuristics have drawbacks to optimize resource allocation. A previous work proposed the usage of three swarm-GAP variants to solve the task allocation problem among agents representing a group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) aiming at the optimization of their resources usage applied in the context of static environments. However, there is a lack of empirical assessment of these algorithms in dynamic scenarios, i.e., with some attributes changing along the system execution. Such changes represent important features of real-world application scenarios, such as in military operations in which a number of non-expected events may happen, e.g., loss of members of the UAV-team or onboard sensor failure. Therefore, the contributions of this work are the performance evaluation of the original algorithms in dynamic context, and the extension of these algorithms to properly address more realistic dynamic scenarios. Considering changes in some attributes of the environment, a trade-off in terms of the quality in the mission performance and the overhead in the communication among the UAVs is explored. The empirical assessment of the original algorithms and the proposed extensions were performed by conducting independent replications in a scenario where the number of agents (UAVs) changes at runtime and adaptations occur autonomously to maintain the mission execution. The acquired results provide evidence that the proposed solution is capable of dealing with dynamic scenarios, covering the gap left by other works in the literature, and enriching the realism of applications in autonomous intelligent systems.
Junier Caminha Amorim; Vander Alves; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Assessing a swarm-GAP based solution for the task allocation problem in dynamic scenarios. Expert Systems with Applications 2020, 152, 113437 .
AMA StyleJunier Caminha Amorim, Vander Alves, Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Assessing a swarm-GAP based solution for the task allocation problem in dynamic scenarios. Expert Systems with Applications. 2020; 152 ():113437.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJunier Caminha Amorim; Vander Alves; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. 2020. "Assessing a swarm-GAP based solution for the task allocation problem in dynamic scenarios." Expert Systems with Applications 152, no. : 113437.
Wireless sensor networks employ duty-cycles to save energy, with the cost of enlargement of end-to-end latency. Cross-layer protocols that use anycast medium access control achieve latency reduction in asynchronous duty-cycled wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A series of strobed preambles is sent in order to achieve rendezvous with the next relay, selected from a forwarding candidate set (FCS). This paper proposes PAX-MAC: Pramble Ahead Cross-layer Medium Access Control. It is a novel anycast protocol for low latency packet propagation in duty-cycled WSNs. In PAX-MAC, preambles propagate ahead of data packet, prospecting the route towards sink node, while the message is sent some hops later. Simultaneous propagation of preambles and data packets provides latency reduction. The cardinality of FCS determines the average preamble propagation speed, which is lower bounded by data packet propagation speed. Differently from other approaches, our protocol takes the data packet size into account in order to maintain an optimal distance between preamble and data to minimize latency. For determining this distance, a detailed mathematical model is introduced. The performance of several state-of-the-art asynchronous protocols was appraised and compared with PAX-MAC. Our protocol outperforms in latency all other protocols for the simulated scenarios. Its energy expenditure was compatible with the best result among the other protocols. In the worst case, PAX-MAC spent 6 % more energy than the best one for a gain of 20 % in latency.
Tales Heimfarth; João Carlos Giacomin; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Gustavo Figueiredo Araujo; João Paulo De Araujo. PAX-MAC: A Low Latency Anycast Protocol with Advanced Preamble. Sensors 2020, 20, 250 .
AMA StyleTales Heimfarth, João Carlos Giacomin, Edison Pignaton De Freitas, Gustavo Figueiredo Araujo, João Paulo De Araujo. PAX-MAC: A Low Latency Anycast Protocol with Advanced Preamble. Sensors. 2020; 20 (1):250.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTales Heimfarth; João Carlos Giacomin; Edison Pignaton De Freitas; Gustavo Figueiredo Araujo; João Paulo De Araujo. 2020. "PAX-MAC: A Low Latency Anycast Protocol with Advanced Preamble." Sensors 20, no. 1: 250.
An important area in precision agriculture is related to the efficient use of chemicals applied onto fields. Efforts have been made to diminish their use, aiming at cost reduction and fewer chemical residues in the final agricultural products. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) presents itself as an attractive and cheap alternative for spraying pesticides and fertilizers compared to conventional mass spraying performed by ordinary manned aircraft. Besides being cheaper than manned aircraft, small UAVs are capable of performing fine-grained instead of the mass spraying. Observing this improved method, this paper reports the design of an embedded real-time UAV spraying control system supported by onboard image processing. The proposal uses a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) algorithm to detect the exact locations in which the chemicals are needed. Using this information, the automated spraying control system performs punctual applications while the UAV navigates over the crops. The system architecture is designed to run on low-cost hardware, which demands an efficient NDVI algorithm. The experiments were conducted using Raspberry Pi 3 as the embedded hardware. First, experiments in a laboratory were conducted in which the algorithm was proved to be correct and efficient. Then, field tests in real conditions were conducted for validation purposes. These validation tests were performed in an agronomic research station with the Raspberry hardware integrated into a UAV flying over a field of crops. The average CPU usage was about 20% while memory consumption was about 70 MB for high definition images, with 4% CPU usage and 20.3 MB RAM being observed for low-resolution images. The average current measured to execute the proposed algorithm was 0.11 A. The obtained results prove that the proposed solution is efficient in terms of processing and energy consumption when used in embedded hardware and provides measurements which are coherent with the commercial GreenSeeker equipment.
Maik Basso; Diego Stocchero; Renato Ventura Bayan Henriques; André Luis Vian; Christian Bredemeier; Andréa Aparecida Konzen; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Proposal for an Embedded System Architecture Using a GNDVI Algorithm to Support UAV-Based Agrochemical Spraying. Sensors 2019, 19, 5397 .
AMA StyleMaik Basso, Diego Stocchero, Renato Ventura Bayan Henriques, André Luis Vian, Christian Bredemeier, Andréa Aparecida Konzen, Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Proposal for an Embedded System Architecture Using a GNDVI Algorithm to Support UAV-Based Agrochemical Spraying. Sensors. 2019; 19 (24):5397.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaik Basso; Diego Stocchero; Renato Ventura Bayan Henriques; André Luis Vian; Christian Bredemeier; Andréa Aparecida Konzen; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. 2019. "Proposal for an Embedded System Architecture Using a GNDVI Algorithm to Support UAV-Based Agrochemical Spraying." Sensors 19, no. 24: 5397.
In recent years, with the growth in the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), UAV-based systems have become popular in both military and civil applications. The lack of reliable communication infrastructure in these scenarios has motivated the use of UAVs to establish a network as flying nodes, also known as Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs). However, the high mobility degree of flying and terrestrial users may be responsible for constant changes in the network topology, which makes more challenging to guarantee their communication during the operational time. In this context, this article presents a Softwaredefined networking (SDN) based Topology management for FANETs - called of STFANET -, which is a coordination protocol that englobes both an efficient SDN-based UAV communication and a set of topology management algorithms. The goal is to establish and maintain a FANET topology in order to provide a constant and reliable communication link among independent nodes - which are performing individual or collaborative missions - through relays units. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed protocol in order to provide communication in a dynamic scenario. Considering its use in a military setting, STFANET managed to achieve 25% of packet loss in transmitting data packets, 1.5ms of latency and 71% of connectivity on average.
Tulio Dapper E Silva; Carlos F. Emygdio De Melo; Pedro Cumino; Denis Rosario; Eduardo Cerqueira; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. STFANET: SDN-Based Topology Management for Flying Ad Hoc Network. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 173499 -173514.
AMA StyleTulio Dapper E Silva, Carlos F. Emygdio De Melo, Pedro Cumino, Denis Rosario, Eduardo Cerqueira, Edison Pignaton De Freitas. STFANET: SDN-Based Topology Management for Flying Ad Hoc Network. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):173499-173514.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTulio Dapper E Silva; Carlos F. Emygdio De Melo; Pedro Cumino; Denis Rosario; Eduardo Cerqueira; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. 2019. "STFANET: SDN-Based Topology Management for Flying Ad Hoc Network." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 173499-173514.
This article presents the development of a multi-UAV based crowd monitoring system, demonstrating a system that uses UAVs to periodically monitor a group of moving walking individuals. Using auction paradigms to distribute targets among UAVs and genetic algorithms to calculate the best order to visit the targets, the system has shown capabilities to efficiently perform the surveillance, visiting all the targets during a surveillance period and minimizing the time between the visits made to each target. Moreover, the system showed robustness keeping the good performance under a variety of situations.
Rodrigo Saar de Moraes; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Multi-UAV Based Crowd Monitoring System. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 2019, 56, 1332 -1345.
AMA StyleRodrigo Saar de Moraes, Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Multi-UAV Based Crowd Monitoring System. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems. 2019; 56 (2):1332-1345.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodrigo Saar de Moraes; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. 2019. "Multi-UAV Based Crowd Monitoring System." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 56, no. 2: 1332-1345.
A prominent pathfinding challenge is the fast computation of path plans in large virtual terrain environments used in simulation systems. Based on a hierarchical approach for pathfinding and terrain representation, this work details the design, the implementation and the test of a quadtree-based structure in the irregular grid navigation map representation of large realistic virtual terrain environments. To achieve this goal, it is described how a hierarchical global A* pathfinding algorithm searches for a path in a coarse initial irregular grid structure then proceeding with the search in refined regions of interest where obstacles are found. Thus, the proposed solution presents as major contribution the enhanced quadtree-based map representation for pathfinding in large virtual terrains. The pathfinding response time of this solution is statistically compared with different hierarchical/non-hierarchical and regular/irregular terrain representation structures instantiated in the modeling of “small” realistic terrain scenarios. After these experiments, similar ones are developed in a massive (large) virtual terrain inserted into a real-life simulation system for the development of military tactical training exercises. The results show that the response time required to generate pathfinding results can be reduced when the proposed global pathfinding technique over the quadtree-based hierarchical and irregular navigation map representation of the large virtual terrain is explored in the development of simulation systems.
Juliana Rubenich Brondani; Luis Alvaro De Lima Silva; Eliakim Zacarias; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Pathfinding in hierarchical representation of large realistic virtual terrains for simulation systems. Expert Systems with Applications 2019, 138, 112812 .
AMA StyleJuliana Rubenich Brondani, Luis Alvaro De Lima Silva, Eliakim Zacarias, Edison Pignaton de Freitas. Pathfinding in hierarchical representation of large realistic virtual terrains for simulation systems. Expert Systems with Applications. 2019; 138 ():112812.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuliana Rubenich Brondani; Luis Alvaro De Lima Silva; Eliakim Zacarias; Edison Pignaton de Freitas. 2019. "Pathfinding in hierarchical representation of large realistic virtual terrains for simulation systems." Expert Systems with Applications 138, no. : 112812.
Internet of Things (IoT) and cyberphysical system (CPS) technologies play huge roles in the context of Industry 4.0. These technologies introduce cognitive automation to implement the concept of intelligent production, leading to smart products and services. One of the technological challenges related to Industry 4.0 is to provide support to big data cloud based applications which demand QoS-enabled Internet connectivity for information gathering, exchange, and processing. In order to deal with this challenge, in this article, a QoS-aware cloud based solution is proposed by adapting a recently proposed seamless resources sharing architecture to the IoT scenario. The resulting solution aims at improving device to cloud communications considering the coexistence of different wireless networks technologies, particularly in the domain of Industry 4.0. Results are obtained via simulations of three QoS demanding industrial applications. The outcomes of the simulations show that both delay and jitter QoS metrics are kept below their specific thresholds in the context of VoIP applications used for distributed manipulators fine tuning control. In the case of video-based production control, the jitter was controlled to meet the application demands, and even the throughput for best-effort supervisory systems HTTP access is guaranteed.
Rafael Kunst; Leandro Avila; Alécio Binotto; Edison Pignaton; Sergio Bampi; Juergen Rochol. Improving devices communication in Industry 4.0 wireless networks. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2019, 83, 1 -12.
AMA StyleRafael Kunst, Leandro Avila, Alécio Binotto, Edison Pignaton, Sergio Bampi, Juergen Rochol. Improving devices communication in Industry 4.0 wireless networks. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. 2019; 83 ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Kunst; Leandro Avila; Alécio Binotto; Edison Pignaton; Sergio Bampi; Juergen Rochol. 2019. "Improving devices communication in Industry 4.0 wireless networks." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 83, no. : 1-12.
Reconfigurable avionics systems can tolerate faults by moving functionalities from failed components to another available system component. This paper proposes a distributed reconfigurable architecture for application migration from failed modules to working ones. The feasible system reconfiguration states are determined off-line to provide the expected configuration in foreseen situations. Model Checking is used to determine feasible configurations evaluating specific temporal properties. A case study is used to show the application of the presented approach as a proof of concept
Antonio Augusto Da Fontoura; Francisco Assis Moreira Do Nascimento; Simin Nadjm-Tehrani; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Timing Assurance of Avionic Reconfiguration Schemes Using Formal Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 2019, 56, 95 -106.
AMA StyleAntonio Augusto Da Fontoura, Francisco Assis Moreira Do Nascimento, Simin Nadjm-Tehrani, Edison Pignaton De Freitas. Timing Assurance of Avionic Reconfiguration Schemes Using Formal Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems. 2019; 56 (1):95-106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Augusto Da Fontoura; Francisco Assis Moreira Do Nascimento; Simin Nadjm-Tehrani; Edison Pignaton De Freitas. 2019. "Timing Assurance of Avionic Reconfiguration Schemes Using Formal Analysis." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 56, no. 1: 95-106.