To evaluate the systemic high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (XFG). We prospectively examined 31 patients with XFS, 26 with XFG, and 25 controls. To the study patients with the exclusion of serious hypertension that do not have any cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and that diagnosed as XFS and XFG have been included. Each patient passed through a detailed blood sampling including hsCRP, biochemistry, and lipid profile. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured with nephelometric method by using Beckman IMMAGE hsCRP reagent. Each group had similar demographic parameters including age, sex, body mass index, heart rate, and blood pressure. When we compared with controls, there was no statistically significant difference in the hsCRP and biochemistry results between the 3 groups. When all patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) compared with controls there was no difference. Our findings indicated no difference in the hsCRP level between XFS, XFG, and controls. This study suggests that CRP is not a predictive marker of inflammation and peripheral endothelial dysfunction in XFS, which is accepted as a systemic disorder.

Purpose: To investigate the efficiency of everolimus on the prevention of postoperative scar in a rabbit model of glaucoma filtering surgery in comparison with mitomycin-C (MMC).Materials and Methods: Thirty New Zealand albino rabbits were randomly assigned into 3 groups, each including ten rabbits: an everolimus group (Group 1), a MMC group (Group 2), and a sham group (Group 3). A limbal-based trabeculectomy was performed on the right eyes of all the rabbits. For 28 days following surgery, the eyes were evaluated in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP), morphological and biomicroscopic changes, and complications in the bleb. On the 28th day, four eyes randomized from each group were enucleated and histologically and immunohistochemically analyzed. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), metalloproteinase (MMP-2, MMP-9), and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressions in each group were evaluated. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used for apoptosis.Results: Bleb survival was statistically significantly longer for a period in Group 1 compared to Group 2. When postoperative IOPs of three groups were measured, it was seen that there is significant IOP reduction in all three groups. However, there were increases in the mean IOP values beginning from the 5th day in Group 2 and from the 3rd day in Group 3 while in Group 1 mean IOP values began to increase beginning from 10th day and the mean IOP values in Group 1 remained at a lower level in comparison to the other groups for 28 days (p < 0.05). The expressions of TGF-β1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and PCNA were reduced in Group 1 compared to other groups. TUNEL positive apoptotic cells were significantly increased in Group 1 compared to other groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Everolimus appears to suppress the proliferation of fibroblast and thus may provide an effective treatment strategy in glaucoma filtering surgery.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction and safety of ab interno gelatin microstent (XEN 45 Gel Stent; Aquesys, Inc, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA) microincisional glaucoma/cataract surgery in open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 30 eyes of 25 patients with OAG which underwent XEN 45 implantation combined with simultaneous phacoemulsification were clinically evaluated. Clinical outcomes analyzed included IOP, percent of IOP reduction, medication use, complications, best corrected visual acuity, and surgical outcomes at 24-month follow-up. Results: After the XEN 45 combined cataract surgery procedure, IOP dropped from 20.37 +/- 4.80 mmHg with a mean of 3.07 +/- 1.04 medication classes preoperatively to 14.83 +/- 1.91 mmHg with a mean of 0.94 +/- 1.11 medication classes at 24 months (p=0.001 for both). At 24 months, 55.6% of patients had IOP <= 18 mmHg without medication, 94.4% of patients had IOP <= 18 mmHg with or without medication, and 61.1% of patients reached >= 20% IOP reduction from baseline. Conclusion: XEN 45 is an effective minimally invasive surgical treatment for OAG with significant reduction in IOP and glaucoma medications and minimal complications in long-term follow-up.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical and histopathological effects of corneal cross-linking (CXL) and matrix-regenerating agent (RGTA) treatments after corneal alkali burn.Twenty-four alkal...

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between computed tomography (CT) findings in open globe injuries (OGIs) in pediatric patients and the pediatric ocular trauma score (POTS) and OTS in pediatric ocular trauma. In 34 pediatric patients with OGI, CT findings were categorized into nine main categories: Scleral irregularity, lens dislocation, abnormal vitreous density, choroid-retinal layer thickening, preseptal thickness increase, intraocular foreign body and air, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and perforation. The relationship between different types and numbers of CT findings and the POTS and OTS was evaluated. The mean age of trauma was 6.6±3.1. Of the patients, 9 (26.5%) were female and 25 (73.5%) were male. The most com-mon CT findings are scleral irregularity and increased preseptal thickness (47.1%). In univariate analysis, a P<0.05 was found between 16 patients with 1 or less CT findings (median POTS value 80 [71.25-90.0]) and 11 patients with 2 or 3 CT findings (median POTS value 60 [15-70]). A P 0.05 was found between 11 patients with 2 or 3 CT findings (median POTS value 60 [15-70]) and 7 patients with 4 or more CT findings (median POTS value 45 [25-80]). No significant difference was found between the number of CT findings and OTS stages. While POTS was significant (P0.05). There was no significant difference between POTS and OTS in other CT findings. The number of CT findings may assist in predicting POTS and, consequently, estimating visual prognosis in pediatric patients with OGI. In emergency situations where, sufficient clinical data are unavailable, the objective findings from CT may help in assessing the severity of ocular trauma and potentially predicting long-term visual outcomes.

Background/Objectives: Conjunctival closure may influence early postoperative comfort and wound healing after pediatric strabismus surgery. We compared fibrin glue with absorbable sutures using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT)-based conjunctival thickness, serial clinical scores, ocular-surface screening, and operative time. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 82 children (5–15 years) who underwent bilateral medial rectus recession. The conjunctiva was closed with 8-0 polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) (suture group, n = 40) or fibrin glue (fibrin group, n = 42) according to routine practice; right eyes were analyzed. Conjunctival thickness was measured by AS-OCT preoperatively and at week 6. The comfort questionnaire (CQ) score and inflammation score (IS) were recorded on postoperative day 1 and weeks 1, 2, and 6. Total operative time and closure time were obtained from surgical video recordings. Ocular Surface Disease Index-6 (OSDI-6) and non-invasive keratographic break-up time (NIKBUT) were assessed preoperatively and at week 6 in cooperative children (n = 62). Results: Conjunctival thickness increased in both groups and was slightly higher at week 6 with sutures (p < 0.001), with a slightly greater percentage increase (p = 0.001). CQ and IS were worse with sutures through week 2 (all p < 0.05) and converged by week 6 (both p > 0.05). Fibrin glue shortened total operative time (32.75 vs. 35.46 min; p < 0.05) and closure time (3.90 vs. 5.35 min; p < 0.001). In the ocular-surface subset, OSDI-6 and NIKBUT did not differ between groups at week 6. No infections or granulomas occurred; two early conjunctival wound gaps occurred in the fibrin group and one resolved with topical management, while the other met the dehiscence definition (≥2 mm) and required re-suturing, and both healed without sequelae. Conclusions: In pediatric strabismus surgery, fibrin glue demonstrated better early comfort with a modest difference in conjunctival thickness at week 6 along with slightly shorter operative time while clinical scores converged by week 6, and ocular-surface screening outcomes were similar.