Background: LncRNAs are an emerging category of non-coding RNAs. LncRNAs are usually greater than 200 nucleotides in length and do not possess protein editing capabilities. DSCAM-AS1 is a highly valued member of the lncRNAs family. Numerous studies have revealed the involvement of the oncogene DSCAM-AS1 in multiple biological processes, including metastasis, aggressiveness and cell proliferation. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms and clinical significance of DSCAM-AS1 in various tumor types. Methods: This paper analyzes and summarizes current research by searching PubMed using “DSCAM-AS1” and “tumor” as keywords. Results: DSCAM-AS1 is a valuable tumor-associated lncRNA with significant oncogenic effects. It is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, osteosarcoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer and endometrial cancer. The overexpression of DSCAM-AS1 promotes cancer progression by modulating cancer cell proliferation, invasion, distant metastasis, and resistance. Conclusion: DSCAM-AS1 is upregulated and acts as an oncogene in multiple tumors. As more systematic studies are performed, DSCAM-AS1 may prove to be a promising therapeutic target or tumor biomarker.

Rationale: Paraesophageal hernias, accounting for a mere 5% to 10% of all hiatal hernias, occasionally present an exceedingly uncommon yet gravely consequential complication characterized by the inversion of the stomach. Delving into the clinical manifestations and optimal therapeutic approaches for patients afflicted by this condition merits substantial exploration. Patient concerns: A 60-year-old man was referred to our hospital with acute onset of severe epigastric pain, abdominal distension, and vomiting. A chest radiograph unveiled an elevated left diaphragmatic dome accompanied by a pronounced rightward shift of the mediastinum. Subsequent abdominal computed tomography imaging delineated the migration of the stomach, spleen, and colon into the left hemithorax, facilitated by a significant diaphragmatic defect. Diagnoses: The diagnosis of a giant paraesophageal hernia with complete gastric inversion was established through a comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s clinical manifestations and imaging findings. Interventions: Surgical intervention was performed on the patient. During the procedure, a left diaphragmatic defect measuring approximately 10 × 8 cm was identified and meticulously repositioned, followed by the repair of the diaphragmatic hernia. The herniated contents comprised the pancreas, stomach, spleen, a segment of the colon, and a portion of the greater omentum. Outcomes: The patient experienced a smooth postoperative recuperation and was discharged 12 days following the surgical procedure. Subsequently, during a 7-month follow-up period, the patient continued to exhibit favorable progress and recovery. Lessons: Paraesophageal hernias are rare, and the presence of an inverted stomach in a giant paraesophageal hernia is exceptionally uncommon. Clinical presentation lacks distinct features and can lead to misdiagnosis. This case emphasizes the importance of timely surgical intervention guided by imaging, offering valuable clinical insights.

Rationale: Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an exceptionally rare mesenchymal tumor, with gastric involvement being scarcely reported (only 7 prior cases). This case highlights the diagnostic challenges and underscores the importance of multimodal imaging in identifying this malignancy, particularly in extra-nodal sites like the stomach. Patient concerns: A 25-year-old male presented with acute abdominal pain and a palpable mid-abdominal mass. He denied weight loss, fever, or gastrointestinal symptoms. Laboratory tests revealed elevated squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (3.6 ng/mL). Diagnoses: Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a 68 × 47 × 91 mm soft tissue mass in the gastric antrum, vascularized by the left gastric artery. Positron emission tomography/CT demonstrated intense FDG uptake (SUVmax 25.48). Magnetic resonance images showed a T1-isointense, T2-hypointense mass with diffusion restriction (diffusion weighted imaging hyperintensity, low ADC) and moderate arterial enhancement. Endoscopy identified a submucosal gastric lesion. Histopathology confirmed FDCS via spindle/epithelioid cells, neutrophils, and immunohistochemistry (CD23/CD35/CD31+, S100/CK−). Interventions: The patient underwent distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. Intraoperatively, the tumor was resected with clear margins, preserving gastric function. No lymph node metastasis was observed. Outcomes: Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Pathology confirmed a 9 cm FDCS without necrosis or calcifications. Immunohistochemistry validated the diagnosis. No adjuvant therapy was administered, and the patient remained recurrence-free during follow-up. Lessons: Gastric FDCS is easily misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) or Castleman disease due to overlapping imaging features. Multimodal imaging (CT, MRI, positron emission tomography/CT) combined with histopathology is critical for accurate diagnosis. Radical surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment, emphasizing the need for wide resection to minimize recurrence. This case provides the first comprehensive imaging characterization of gastric FDCS, enhancing awareness and diagnostic precision for this rare entity.