Civilization diseases account for a worldwide health issue. They result from daily behavioral, environmental, and genetic factors. One of the most significant opportunities to prevent and alleviate the occurrence of these diseases is a diet rich in antioxidants like polyphenols. This review paper is concentrated on syringic acid (SA), one of the representative compounds of phenolic acids subgroups. There are many in vitro and in vivo studies on SA that assess its pivotal effects on oxidative stress and inflammation parameters. It is effective on metabolic risk factors as well, including hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia. SA is one of the prominent polyphenolic compounds that may help address health issues related to civilization diseases.

Introduction Proper nutrition of a woman before conception and during pregnancy determines the proper course of pregnancy, fetal development and the health of the mother and child in the future. A properly balanced diet must cover the increased demand for energy and provide the right amount and quality of nutrients. Aim The aim of the study was to verification the nutritional knowledge of pregnant women depending on age, place of residence and number of pregnancies. Results The survey involved 66 women between 19 and 40 years old (average age 30.50±4.30 years). 40.9% of the women were under 30 (N=27), and 59.1% of the respondents were 30 or older (N=39). 54.5% of women lived in cities (N=36), and 45.5% of the respondents lived in rural areas (N=30). Women who were pregnant for the first time accounted for 48.5% of the respondents (N=32). According to their own opinion, the majority of women (62.1%) stated that their knowledge of nutrition during pregnancy was good, and 28.8% assessed their knowledge as very good. The change in diet after pregnancy was confirmed by 81.8% of the surveyed women, in particular the changes concerned eating more vegetables and fruits (79.6%), avoiding highly processed products (61.1%) and avoiding sweets (50.0%). Most of the respondents (97.0%) indicated that they had eliminated products from their diet, i.e. alcohol (100.0%), Fast Food (57.8%) or sushi (60.9%). Snacks were eaten by 92.4% of the respondents, most often fruits (83.6%) and vegetables (63.9%). Conclusion Nutritional awareness of pregnant women is at a good level. Appropriate changes in their diet are declared by the majority of the surveyed women. It would be advisable to educate women planning pregnancy and pregnant women about the specific effects of essential nutrients and the risk of their deficiencies.

Obesity is a global problem, increasing interest in adipose tissue (AT) biology. One of the techniques for analyzing visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and phase angle (PhA) is bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). PhA is considered an indicator of cell integrity and health and can be a prognostic marker in diseases and clinical conditions. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status and level of visceral fat area (VFA) to investigate the association between phase angle (PhA) and content of visceral adipose tissue in young adults. Our cohort consisted of 292 young adults (18–25), both sexes. Body composition was performed by the inBody 770 analyzer. We confirmed the relationship between PhA and gender (female vs. male: 5.3 vs. 6.5; p < 0.001) and BMI (female vs. male: 22.56 kg/m² vs. 23.78 kg/m²; p = 0.013). A total of 20.2% of examined students had a VFA of more than 100 cm² (Visceral Obesity, VO). We demonstrated a dependence between VFA and PhA value (PhA = 5.4 (VFA > 100 cm²) vs. PhA = 5.7 (VFA < 100 cm²), p = 0.003). Students with VO and normal BMI had a significantly lower PhA than those with VO and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² (p = 0.021). PhA may be a useful indicator for assessing nutritional status and physiological differences related to gender, BMI, and visceral obesity in young adults.

Introduction and objective: The collection of current data on the nutritional status and dietary behaviours of students, stratified by gender and field of study (medical vs. nonmedical), provides valuable insights into the determinants of lifestyle among young adults. Such knowledge is...