The current study was conducted to examine the possible advantages of Heydotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. extract nanogel as a perspective for enhanced permeation and extended skin deposition in psoriasis-like dermatitis. Optimised nanophytosomes (NPs) were embedded in a pluronic gel base to obtain nanogel and tested ex vivo (skin penetration and dermatokinetics) and in vivo. The optimised NPs had a spherical form and entrapment efficiency of 73.05 ± 1.45% with a nanosized and zeta potential of 86.11 nm and −10.40 mV, respectively. Structural evaluations confirmed encapsulation of the drug in the NPs. Topical administration of prepared nanogel to a rat model of psoriasis-like dermatitis revealed its specific in vivo anti-psoriatic efficacy in terms of drug activity compared to the control and other formulations. Nanogel had improved skin integrity and downregulation of inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggest that developed phytoconstituent-based nanogel has the potential to alleviate psoriasis-like dermatitis with better skin retention and effectiveness.

Background: Nanophytosomes represent an effective choice for topical drug delivery systems thanks to their small size, general non-toxicity, ease of functionalization and high surface to volume ratio. The goal of the current study was to investigate the potential benefits of using Hypericum perforatum extract nanogel as a means of improving skin penetration and prolonging skin deposition in dermatitis similar to psoriasis. Method: Nanophytosomes (NPs) were developed, optimised and thoroughly characterised. The optimised NPs were then placed in a Carbopol gel base matrix and tested ex-vivo (skin penetration and dermatokinetic) and in-vivo (antipsoriatic activity in an Imiquimod-induced psoriatic rat model). Results: The optimised NPs had a spherical form and entrapment efficiency of 69.68% with a nanosized and zeta potential of 168nm and -10.37mV, respectively. XRD spectra and transmission electron microscopy tests confirmed the plant botanical encapsulation in the NPs. Following 60 days of storage at 40 ± 2°C/75 ± 5% RH, the optimised formula remained relatively stable. As compared to extract gel, nano-gel showed a much-improved ex vivo permeability profile and considerable drug deposition in the viable epidermal-dermal layers. When developed nano-gel was applied topically to a rat model of psoriasis, it demonstrated distinct in vivo anti-psoriatic efficacy in terms of drug activity and reduction of epidermal thickness in comparison to other formulations and the control. ELISA and histopathologic studies also demonstrated that nano-organogel had improved skin integrity and downregulated inflammatory markers (IL-17, IL-6, IFN-γ and MCP-1). Conclusion: Findings suggest that a developed plant botanicals-based nanogel has a potential for the treatment of psoriasis-like dermatitis with better skin retention and effectiveness.

Introduction: Medicinal plants are essential in the treatment of a wide range of illnesses. Dolichos lablab, also known as Hyacinth Bean, is a popular legume crop in India that is rich in natural bioactive compounds. In recognition of its importance in many skin therapies, a hydrogel was prepared. The primary goal of topical formulations is to provide drug contact with the skin while reducing overall absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing effect of Dolichos lablab extract hydrogel on full-thickness wounds in rats. Method: Wounds were created on the dorsal surface of Male Albino Wistar rats. Next, the animals were divided into four groups (n = 12). Each group was treated with 200 mg of the allotted topical treatment of blank gel, Dolichos hydrogel and marketed betadine gel. The treatments were applied immediately after the injury and twice daily for up to 14 days. Animals were euthanized on day 14 and some parameters were analyzed such as wound closure rate, Inflammatory cytokines level, oxidative stress profile, collagen hydroxyproline and hexosamine concentration, macroscopic and histopathological evidence. Results: The findings indicate that Dolichos lablab extract has potent wound healing ability, as evidenced by improved wound closure and tissue regeneration, as well as histopathological parameters. Dolichos hydrogel increased the skin's hydroxyproline level, antioxidant potential, wound contraction, and anti-inflammatory activity by modulating the production of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. This affirms the potency of the wound-healing properties of Dolichos lablab extract. Conclusion: Dolichos lablab hydrogel is a low-cost herbal medicine which can aid in tissue repair.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that falls under the umbrella of dementia and is characterized by the presence of enormously neurotoxic amyloid- beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of tau protein inside the brain. AD remains an intractable global health challenge with limited therapeutic options. Early diagnosis, enabled by biomarkers and neuroimaging, is pivotal for optimizing treatment outcomes. Immunotherapeutic strategies, including monoclonal antibodies, active vaccination, and passive immunization, have been developed to target hallmark AD pathology, such as amyloid-beta aggregation. Here we summarized the emerging role of immunotherapies in the early stages of AD, shedding light on recent breakthroughs and clinical progress. Challenges, including treatment response variability and safety concerns, are discussed alongside evolving approaches, such as personalized immunotherapy and combinatorial treatments. This concise review underscores the promise of immunotherapies as a transformative approach to AD intervention, offering hope for a brighter future in the quest to combat this devastating neurodegenerative disease.

Gastric cancer remains one of the leading cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the research advances, many challenges persist because the diseases are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a complex treatment protocol. Conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery pose several side effects and low efficiency. The growing worldwide interest in herbal products, particularly, their bioactive ingredients, presents a promising prospect for auxiliary or alternative therapies for gastric cancer. In vivo experiments show that the given compounds increase the effectiveness and decrease the cumulative harmful impact of conventional anticancer treatments, which may have additive effects. Furthermore, clinical trials have revealed that phytoconstituents have possible anti-gastric cancer properties in humans. Nonetheless, these encouraging preclinical observations have not progressed into clinical practice all that much due to the absence of adequately powered Phase III trials for GC. Therefore, this review stresses the need for well-controlled human interventions to confirm the effectiveness and safety of herb- based therapies. In the long run, the incorporation of these herbal products could present a new approach to constructing the gastric cancer prevention and treatment outlook while minimizing the side effects of conventional treatments and opening up arenas of functional foods and pharmaceuticals.