Infectious diseases have always been a problem that threatens people's health and tuberculosis is one of the major. With the development of medical scientific research, drug-resistant infectious diseases have become a more intractable threat because various drugs and antibiotics are widely used in the process of fighting against infectious diseases. In this paper, an improved dynamic model of infectious diseases considering population dynamics and drug resistance is established. The feasible region, equilibrium points and stability of the model are analyzed. Based on the existing data, this model can predict the development of the epidemic situation through numerical simulation, and put forward some relevant measures and suggestions.

Objective: To investigate the influence of acupuncture lifting-thrusting frequency and amplitude on the analgesic effects, and its correlation with mast cell degranulation.Methods: Acute adjuvant arthritis (AA) rat models were employed. Robot-arm aided lifting-thrusting acupuncture therapy was conducted with various frequencies (ranging from 0.5 to 4 Hz) and amplitudes (ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mm). The rats’ pain thresholds were measured multiple times before and after the therapy, and the analgesic effects were evaluated using the pain threshold recovery rate (PTRR), a normalized index. The mast cell degranulation rate (MCdR) at the acupoint was calculated, and a correlation analysis between PTRR and MCdR was performed.Results: Acupuncture therapy partially restored the pain threshold affected by arthritis. The analgesic effects were influenced by stimulus frequency and amplitude, with best outcomes occurring at an intermediate optimal frequency of 1.0 Hz and amplitude of 1.0–1.5 mm. Similarly, the MCdR peaked at the optimal frequency and amplitude.Conclusion: Our animal experiment suggests that optimal analgesic effects can be achieved with stimulation at an optimal intensity. This intensity-effect correlation appears to originate from mast cell activation rates under different mechanical stimulus.

Focusing on the mechanical effect of traditional Chinese acupuncture, this study builds a mathematical model that simulates the mechanical process of lifting-thrusting needle. Analytic and numerical solutions are obtained to explore the mechanical information (displacement, strain, stress, and energy) in the skin tissue. Our results show that (1) needle manipulation leads to tissue displacement and mechanical stress field, but the needle should be inserted into the right position (about π/ω cm around the acupoint, where ω is the angular frequency) and enough depth (about 2 cm in lower limbs) to achieve effective mechanical stimuli; (2) the tissue displacement decays with an increase of distance from the stimulus position, more rapidly at higher frequencies; (3) there is an inverse relationship between the area of the ‘effective influence region’ (where shear strain > 0.2) and the stimulus frequency, which means larger needle movement is needed at higher frequencies to achieve a better curative effect; (4) more energy is required to maintain high frequency manipulation. This study proposes a preliminary comprehension of the mechanical response around the needle during the acupuncture process.

Objective. We aimed to observe the impact of ginkgolic acid (GA) on the proliferation and metastasis ability of ovarian cancer (OCa) cells and to further explore whether GA affects the malignant progress of OCa via regulating the lncRNA MALAT1/JAK2 axis. Methods. OCa cells SKOV3 and CAOV3 were administered with 1 ng/ml GA, 5 ng/ml GA, 10 ng/ml GA, 20 ng/ml GA, and DSMO as control, respectively. The cell proliferation and migration ability of the abovementioned cells in each group were measured by CCK-8 test and Transwell experiments. The expression levels of lncRNA MALAT1 and JAK2 protein were examined by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Subsequently, in OCa cells treated with GA, lncRNA MALAT1 overexpression vector was transfected to continue to detect the proliferation activity and migration ability of each treatment group. Finally, the regulation of GA on activity of lncRNA MALAT1/JAK2 axis in OCa cells was further explored in nude mice. Results. Our data showed that the proliferation inhibition rate of cells at each ginkgolic acid concentration was higher than that of the control group ( $P<0.05$ ), suggesting that GA has an inhibitory influence on the proliferation of OCa cells, in a dose-dependent way. GA was able to inhibit the proliferation rate and migration ability of OCa cells. Administration of ginkgolic acid downregulated the levels of lncRNA MALAT1 and JAK2 protein. Overexpression of lncRNA MALAT1 partially reversed the inhibited OCa proliferative capacity caused by GA treatment. Consistent with the results observed in vitro, we also found that the OCa tumor weight and volume of nude mice injected with lncRNA MALAT1 overexpression vector were enhanced and JAK2 protein level increased remarkably in comparison to the ginkgolic acid group. Conclusions. In summary, GA may exert its inhibitory effect on the proliferative and migratory capacities of OCa cells through suppressing the activity of lncRNA MALAT1/JAK2 axis.

To understand the effect and mechanism of different acupuncture durations on analgesic effects. An adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model evaluated the therapeutic effects of acupuncture at the Zusanli acupoint (ST36). A robotic arm provided stable lifting-thrusting stimulation for different durations (2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min). Mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were measured before and after treatment to assess the analgesic effects. Additionally, tissue sections from ST36 were stained and analyzed to assess mast cell degranulation rates, and in vitro stretching experiments were performed at different stretching times (0-60 min) to measure the release of histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and leukotrienes. Within the 30 min acupuncture duration range set in this study, the pain threshold recovery rate in rats exhibited a steady upward trend as the acupuncture duration gradually increased, reaching its optimal level between 20 and 30 min. The mast cell degranulation rate exhibited a similar time-related trend, reaching 80-90 % at 20-30 min. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the pain threshold recovery rate and mast cell degranulation rate. In the cell-stretching experiment, the release of biochemical mediators was time-dependent. In the adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model, the analgesic effect observed at 20-30 min was superior to that observed at shorter durations, which was associated with the mast cell degranulation rate and release of biochemical mediators in the tissue.