Impact of agricultural residual plastic film on the growth and yield of drip-irrigated cotton in arid region of Xinjiang, China

At present, collectors for potato film residues in China are mainly used to pick up film residues after the harvest of potatoes, during which the pick-up rate of film residues and the work efficiency are low. Aiming at the above problems, a belt-tooth type collector for potato film residues installed on 4UM-1000 potato harvester was designed. It is mainly composed of a film picking device, a film transport device, a film collecting device and an installation frame. It can realize the harvest of potatoes and pick-up of film residues at the same time. The pick-up rate of film residues and potato damage rate are taken as response indicators. Through single factor test, the optimal combination of structural parameters of film picking teeth was obtained as below: the number in the horizontal direction is 4, the longitudinal space is 300mm, the length is 130mm, and picking teeth are arranged in a non-staggered way. Experiments were designed by using the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal working parameters of the machine are determined as below: the forward speed is 2.66km/h, the rotation speed of the driving shaft is 89.63r/min and the rotation speed of the conveyor chain shaft is 184.17r/min. Field experiments were carried out to verify the above results, where the verified pick-up rate of film residues and potato damage rate were 90.29% and 4.72% respectively, both of which met design requirements of technical specifications.