With the increasing environmental pollution caused by waste polymers, the conversion of polymer components in biomass into valuable products is of great significance for waste management and resource recovery. A two-stage microbial fuel cell (MFC) was used to treat furfural wastewater in this study. The maximum output voltage was 240–250 mV and the power generation time in an operation cycle was 286 h. The degradation efficiency of furfural reached 99–100% (furfural concentration at 300–3000 mg/L) and was slightly reduced to 91% at 7000 mg/L. In addition, the BOD/COD ratio of the furfural wastewater increased from 0.31 to 0.48 after MFC processing. The molecular analysis of the anodic bacterial isolates indicated that the phylogenetic bacterial mixture was dominated by five active anaerobic bacteria with a similarity percentage above 99% for each strain: Burkholderia (B. burdella), Clostridium sensu stricto (Cymbidaceae), Klebsiella (Klebsiella), Ethanoligenens (anaerobic genus), and Acidocella (anaerobic genus); the mixture exhibited good properties to carry out bioelectricity generation in the microbial fuel cell. This indicates that the MFC has effectively degraded furfural for pollutant removal and power generation and is a promising clean method to treat furfural pollution in industry wastewater.

In this study, we employed a constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) for the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution, and the impacts of CW-MFC, constructed wetland (CW), and microbial fuel cell (MFC) on agricultural non-point source pollution processing performance, electrical performance, and changes in the microbial community within the system were compared and analyzed to explore the synergistic effect of CW-MFC coupling. The findings indicated that the coupling of CW and MFC effectively enhanced the processing performance, electrical performance, and enzyme activity of CW-MFC. The electric field’s promotion of the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) was greater than that of plants, while the electric field’s promotion of the removal rate of total phosphorus (TP) was smaller than that of plants. The promoting effect on the removal rate of atrazine was greater than that of plants at a low concentration of atrazine, but smaller than that of plants at medium and high concentrations of atrazine. The promoting effect of the electric field on urease (UE) and catalase (CAT) activities was generally greater than that of plants, while the promoting effect on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was greater in plants. Affected by the coupling of CW and MFC, the microbial community diversity of CW-MFC and the abundance of bacterial phyla, classes, and genera such as Acidobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Aquabacterium, Geobacter, and Subgroup_6 were detected. The abundance of terpenoids and polyketides increased to varying extents. The results of this study laid a solid theoretical foundation for the advancement of agricultural non-point source pollution control technology and provided strong support for the expansion of CW to new application fields. It has profound significance for effectively controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture.

This study investigates the degradation characteristics of chlorpyrifos under individual exposure and compound exposure to multiple pesticides in both traditional constructed wetlands and electrochemically constructed wetland coupled systems, while also analyzing the microbial communities within the systems using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results show that the electric field can enhance the degradation performance of the system. The degradation effect of the coupled electrochemically constructed wetland coupled system is better than that of the traditional constructed wetland, while the compound exposure to multiple pesticides inhibits the degradation efficiency. Under the influence of pesticides, the diversity of microbial communities decreases towards the end of the system operation, and the electrochemically constructed wetland coupled system exhibits lower diversity compared to the traditional constructed wetland. Proteobacteria is the dominant phylum under compound exposure to multiple pesticides, while Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Aeromonas, and Methylophilus are the dominant electrochemically active phyla and genera in the electrochemically constructed wetland coupled system. The impact of pesticides and the electric field results in a decrease in amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism functions, while membrane transport functions increase. The compound exposure to multiple pesticides has a more significant impact on the microbial community structure and functionality than the electric field. The results also lay a theoretical foundation for the expansion of pesticide degradation technology and constructed wetland treatment technology to new fields, which is of great significance in realizing the “zero direct discharge” of agricultural production wastewater, solving the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution and ensuring the availability of agricultural production.

In this study, electrochemical method was used to treat Rhodamine B (RB) wastewater. This paper discussed the influence of electrolysis time, voltage, electrolyte concentration and wastewater concentration on the decolorization rate of RB. The results showed that when the concentration of RB wastewater was 100.0 mg/L, 1.5 L, cathode was titanium mesh, anode was stainless steel mesh, electrode distance was 3.0 cm, 0.10 mol/L KCl was electrolyte, aeration volume was 1.20 L/min, voltage was 7.0 V, electrolysis time was 30.0 min, decolorization rate was 98.0%; the concentration wastewater was 150.0 mg/L, decolorization rate reached 95.49%.

Wastewater systems are critical reservoirs where antibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and pathogens converge and disseminate into receiving waters, posing risks to ecosystems and public health. Metagenomics enables culture-independent surveillance of resistome and pathogens in wastewater. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the rapid expansion of wastewater-based epidemiological surveillance, together with growing emphasis on the One Health framework, has further promoted the integration of wastewater metagenomic monitoring with public-health surveillance strategies. However, no bibliometric study has systematically mapped the global research landscape at the intersection of metagenomics, wastewater systems, antimicrobial resistance, and pathogen surveillance. This study retrieved 1161 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection and used CiteSpace to conduct bibliometric analyses. From 2010 to 2025, annual publications increased from 1 to 219, with 72.7% of the total output concentrated between 2021 and 2025. China led in publication output but showed low betweenness centrality, whereas Australia and Sweden served as key intermediaries. Keyword analysis revealed a gradual thematic evolution from the basic detection of antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge, through studies of dissemination mechanisms, to recent work on One Health and wastewater surveillance. Literature co-citation analysis showed that integration between environmental monitoring and public health literature remains limited, suggesting that the translation of metagenomic surveillance data into health risk assessment frameworks is still at an early stage. By mapping the field’s knowledge structure and gaps, this review highlights priorities for advancing wastewater-based Antimicrobial Resistance surveillance, including standardizing analytical methods, developing artificial intelligence-assisted resistome analysis, promoting equitable participation from underrepresented regions, and operationalizing One Health surveillance, thereby supporting the translation of wastewater monitoring into actionable public-health solutions.

With the rapid development of the economy and the demands of people’s lives, the usage amount of polymer materials is significantly increasing globally. Chlorobenzenes (CB_S) are widely used in the industrial, agriculture and chemical industries, particularly as important chemical raw materials during polymers processes. CB_S are difficult to remove due to their properties, such as being hydrophobic, volatile and persistent and biotoxic, and they have caused great harm to the ecological environment and human health. Electrochemical oxidation technology for the treatment of refractory pollutants has been widely used due to its high efficiency and easiness of operation. Thus, the electrochemical oxidation system was established for the efficient treatment of monochlorobenzene (MCB) waste gas. The effect of a single factor, such as anode materials, cathode materials, the electrolyte concentration, current density and electrode distance on the removal efficiency (RE) of MCB gas were first studied. The response-surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the relationships between different factors’ conditions (current density, electrolyte concentration, electrode distance), and a prediction model was established using the Design-Expert 10.0.1 software to optimize the reaction conditions. The results of the one-factor experiments showed that when treating 2.90 g/m³ MCB gas with a 0.40 L/min flow rate, Ti/Ti₄O₇ as an anode, stainless steel wire mesh as a cathode, 0.15 mol/L NaCl electrolyte, 10.0 mA/cm² current density and 4.0 cm electrode distance, the average removal efficiency (RE), efficiency capacity (EC) and energy consumption (Esp) were 57.99%, 20.18 g/(m³·h) and 190.2 (kW·h)/kg, respectively. The results of the RSM showed that the effects of the process parameters on the RE of MBC were as follows: current density > electrode distance > electrolyte concentration; the interactions effects on the RE of MBC were in the order of electrolyte concentration and current density > current density and electrode distance > electrolyte concentration and electrode distance; the optimal experimental conditions were as follows: the concentration of electrolyte was 0.149 mol/L, current density was 18.11 mA, electrode distance was 3.804 cm. Under these conditions, the RE achieved 66.43%. The response-surface variance analysis showed that the regression model reached a significant level, and the validation results were in agreement with the predicted results, which proved the feasibility of the model. The model can be applied to treat the CB_S waste gas of polymer processes through electrochemical oxidation.