In this paper, the quality change of Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) in the process of anhydrous storage and transportation after cold acclimation and induced dormancy was studied, and the regulation mechanism of quality degradation during storage and transportation in the process of gradient chilling stress and drying exposure was further explored. The results show that, when transferred from hydrous to anhydrous states, the breathing pattern of the scallops changed from aerobic to anaerobic. Their gill filaments were altered and their apparent vitality constantly declined, which was reflected by the edge shrinkage of the pallium and the direct proportions of the edge reduction rate and the stimulus response period. After being in the anhydrous state for 4 d, the AEC value dropped to 67.59%. At this time, if they were placed under hydration again, the scallops resumed a good growth state. By proteomics analysis, it was revealed that cold acclimation and dry exposure mainly led to changes in biological functions and pathways, such as mitochondrial inner membrane and ATP hydrolysis activity. In addition, it can be seen from the functional annotation and enrichment analysis of the metabolite KEGG that cold acclimation promoted the purine metabolism of scallops, while dry exposure inhibited the metabolism of saturated fatty acids. In this study, the infrared sensing mode was used for the first time, too, in order to record the heart-rate changes of the scallops during circulation, which shows that non-destructive vitality monitoring of Lamellibranchia is feasible.

The purpose of the present work was to establish the transportation conditions for keeping Trachinotus ovatus alive by means of corona-induced dormancy in combination with taurine. It also investigated the synergistic regulatory effects on oxidative stress mitigation and immune function during low-temperature conditions and clarified the underlying mechanism. The dormancy pretreatment induced by pulsed direct current could reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in fish under hypothermal and water-restricted conditions and significantly enhance the environmental adaptability of Trachinotus ovatus. The survival period and survival rate of Trachinotus ovatus were significantly increased when combined with taurine at a concentration of 70 mg/L, and the activities of enzymes related to oxidative stress also increased significantly, including catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase, and so on. The underlying mechanism involved the upregulation of mRNA expression in the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway components. Furthermore, taurine supplementation was found to bolster the immune function of Trachinotus ovatus. Histological examinations revealed that taurine exerted protective effects on the ultrastructural integrity of the liver and gills, which were susceptible to stress-induced damage during transportation. Altogether, the concerted action of corona dormancy and taurine significantly mitigated the stress responses and tissue injuries of fish during low-temperature live transportation, thereby providing a mechanistic basis for the enhancement of live fish transportation techniques.

In this study, nanoparticles prepared by the heat-induced self-assembly of bovine serum albumin-dextran conjugates (BSA-DX) were utilized as an effective delivery system for the immunoregulatory peptide Gln-Leu-Asn-Trp-Asp (QLNWD) from Meretrix meretrix. The effects of dry-heating duration on the fabrication and characteristics of glycoprotein nanoparticles (GBA NPs) were investigated. Stable GBA NPs (110.84 nm) were obtained after 9 h of dry-heating. Depending on the addition sequence of QLNWD, the QLNWD-loaded nanoparticles were categorized into two types: pre-loading and post-loading. The two strategies were evaluated based on physicochemical characterization, colloidal stability, and RAW264.7 macrophage uptake. Results showed that upon QLNWD incorporation, both pre-loading NPs and post-loading NPs exhibited spherical morphology, with particle sizes decreasing to 105.51 nm and 94.27 nm, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of pre-loading NPs for QLNWD was higher (87.74%), and the co-localization ability between post-loading NPs and QLNWD was stronger (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.95). In vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion experiments showed that QLNWD bioaccessibility increased to 47.5% and 42.7% for pre-loaded and post-loaded NPs, respectively. Compared to free QLNWD, NP encapsulation significantly enhanced the uptake of QLNWD by macrophages. Thus, GBA NPs, particularly those prepared by the pre-loading method, are considered promising delivery systems for marine bioactive peptides.

In this paper, the quality change of scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) in the process of anhydrous storage and transportation after cold-acclimation and induced dormancy was studied, and the regulation mechanism of quality degradation in the storage and transportation in the process of gradient chilling stress and drying exposure was further explored. The results show that while being transferred from anhydrous storage and transportation from hydrous storage and transportation, the breathing pattern of scallops were changed from aerobic to anaerobic. Their gill filaments were altered, and the apparent vitality was constantly declining, which was reflected by the edge shrinkage of pallium and the direct proportion between the edge reduction rate and the stimulus response period. After being in the anhydrous state for 4d, the AEC value dropped to 67.59%. At this time, if they were under hydration again, they would resume a nice growth state. By virtue of proteomics, it was revealed from the analysis that cold acclimation and dry exposure mainly led to changes in biological functions and pathways such as mitochondrial inner membrane and ATP hydrolysis activity. In addition, it can be seen from the functional annotation and enrichment analysis of the metabolite KEGG that cold acclimation promoted the purine metabolism of scallops, while dry exposure inhibited the metabolism of saturated fatty acids. Besides, in this study, the infrared sensing mode was used for the first time to record the heart rate changes of the scallops during circulation, which provides feasibility for the nondestructive vitality monitoring of Lamellibranchia.