To understand the factors related to suicidal ideation in university students, we examined individual and microsystemic variables with an ecological model organizing bidirectional influences between different dimensions. Suicidal ideation, psychological distress, multidimensional self-concept, loneliness, community social support, life satisfaction, family functioning, bullying victimization, and problematic use of virtual social networks were measured in a sample of 376 Mexican university students (67% women) from 18 to 34 years of age (M = 20.8). Data were collected in March 2020, before mandatory confinement for COVID started in Mexico. Discriminant analyses showed that psychological distress, loneliness, self-concept, life satisfaction, family functioning, internet violence/rejection, and informal social support predicted belonging to high or no suicidal ideation groups with 88% accuracy. Only psychological distress and family self-concept predicted suicidal ideation in multilinear regression analyses. There were differences by gender in multilinear regression, with family self-concept significant for women and physical self-concept, but not family self-concept for boys. Conclusions: Early Suicide prevention in universities should include periodic screening of psychological distress, loneliness, and virtual social media use to identify students that need further evaluation and intervention. University-based strategies of mental health promotion that strengthen family relationships and the sense of community, including gender-sensitive orientation, could enhance the effect of protective factors.

Results of a research carried out on adolescents in the secondary school context in Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit, Mexico are presented, where the aim is to deepen the understanding of the role that the community has in the development and adequate psychosocial adjustment of the students. . With a sample of 2,605 students from different schools, public and private, urban and rural, an assessment of adjustment and maladjustment variables is carried out at the individual, family and community level, and their relationship with Community Social Support (ASC). Profiles based on ASC levels are presented and discussed. It is concluded that the community represents a diverse context, where we find factors: protectors of maladjustment, enhancers of adjustment and generators of risk. Se presentan resultados de una investigación realizada a adolescentes en el contexto escolar de nivel de secundaria en Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit, México, en donde se desea profundizar en la comprensión del papel que tiene la comunidad en el desarrollo y adecuado ajuste psicosocial de los estudiantes. Con una muestra de 2,605 alumnos de diferentes centros escolares, públicos y privados, urbanos y rurales, se realiza una valoración de variables de ajuste y desajuste en el nivel individual, familiar y comunitario, y su relación con el Apoyo social comunitario (ASC). Se presentan y discuten los perfiles a partir de los niveles de ASC. Se concluye que la comunidad representa con contexto diverso, en donde encontramos factores: protectores del desajuste, potenciadores del ajuste y generadores de riesgo.