Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health challenge, with late-stage diagnosis impacting treatment options and decreased survival rates. To address this, there has been a growing interest in the development of innovative screening and diagnostic methods. Over the past 20 years, nanobiosensors have undergone multiple iterations and unveiled remarkable features that pledge to reshape patient care. Despite the excitement over the plethora of ground-breaking advancements for cancer detection, use-ready samples and streamlined healthcare information monitoring and usage, this technology is still awaiting entry into clinical trials, urging a closer gaze within the medical community. Oligonucleotide-based biosensors, leveraging DNA or RNA’s long-term storage of information, offer great specificity and sensitivity, as described throughout this paper. Consequently, this renders them as an ideal choice for revolutionizing GC diagnosis and facilitating early intervention. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of this cutting-edge, invaluable technology and its limitations across various aspects.

Despite being a transformative intervention in treating obesity, bariatric surgery, encompassing procedures like Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical sleeve gastrectomy, presents unique challenges in postoperative pain management due to altered pharmacokinetics in both adult and pediatric populations. Opioid medication, while being effective, poses risks of addiction and life-threatening side effects, thus, inviting alternative therapeutic approaches. Nanotechnology holds promise as it provides targeted solutions via nano-drug delivery systems, thereby reducing adverse effects and enhancing efficacy in an altered gastrointestinal system. Different methods, including subcutaneous and nasal delivery systems, prolong drug release, offer potential alternatives for patients with modified drug absorption and metabolism, as demonstrated by in vivo and in vitro studies investigating tramadol, ketamine, fentanyl, buprenorphine and others. Currently, safety issues associated with nanocarriers hinder their clinical deployment. This review prompts a new perspective on nano-controlled release methods and their applications in opioid analgesia, indicating that nanotechnology could address the pharmacokinetic challenges in pain management post-bariatric surgery. Alternative strategies, including the use of endogenous neuropeptides, are discussed for mitigating opioid-related complications and improving pain management outcomes.

The pancreatic pseudocyst is a collection of pancreatic fluid surrounded by a non-epithelialized wall composed of granulation tissue and fibrosis, occurring in approximately 10% of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and in 20–38% of those with chronic pancreatitis. Most pseudocysts are situated in the head and pancreatic body, but about 20% developed in extrapancreatic locations. We present the case of a 46-year-old male patient diagnosed with chronic alcohol pancreatitis with acute exacerbation, who developed a large pancreatic pseudocyst with subcapsular location in the right hepatic lobe, successfully treated by laparoscopic surgical drainage. The computed tomography scan and postoperative biochemical analysis of the intracystic fluid played a key role in establishing the diagnosis of this rare condition. Intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst is a rare location of pancreatic pseudocysts, but the one located in the right hepatic lobe is an extremely rare location. The treatment of intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocysts may be conservative, or endoscopic, percutaneous, or surgical drainage may be necessary. The presence of symptoms, signs of extrinsic compression or complications require drainage of the pseudocyst.

The pancreatic pseudocyst is a collection of pancreatic fluid surrounded by a non-epithelialized wall comprising granulation tissue and fibrosis, occurring in approximately 10% of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and in 20–38% of those with chronic pancreatitis. Most pseudocysts are situated in the pancreatic head and pancreatic body, but about 20% develop in extrapancreatic locations. We present the case of a 46-year-old male patient diagnosed with chronic alcohol pancreatitis with acute exacerbation, who developed a large pancreatic pseudocyst with subcapsular location in the right hepatic lobe; this was successfully treated by laparoscopic surgical drainage, with no postoperative complications and no recurrence of the pseudocyst. The computed tomography scan and postoperative biochemical analysis of the intracystic fluid played a key role in establishing the diagnosis of this rare condition. An intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst is a rare location for pancreatic pseudocysts, but one located in the right hepatic lobe is extremely rare. The treatment of intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocysts may be conservative, though endoscopic, percutaneous, or surgical drainage may be necessary. The presence of symptoms, signs of extrinsic compression, or complications require drainage of the pseudocyst. The “take-away” lesson learned from this case: surgical treatment for pancreatic pseudocysts located subcapsularly in the liver may be considered when they are very large, or when minimally invasive treatment has not been effective.