Worldwide economies are determined to achieve sustainable development. In this pursuit, the role of SMEs and ICT has emerged as an inevitable choice for sustainable development. The literature on the impact of SMEs and ICT on sustainable development, particularly in China's context, is scarce. Therefore, the analysis aims to investigate the impact of SMEs and ICT on sustainable development in China for the period of 1998–2020. We have applied the ARDL model for empirical analysis. The short and long-run estimates attached to SMEs are significant and positive, confirming that SMEs help to achieve sustainable development. Similarly, the estimates attached to ICT are positive and significant both in the short and long run, confirming the beneficial role of ICT in achieving sustainable development. The estimates attached to institutional quality and R&D control variables are positive and significant in the long run, but only R&D estimates are significant in the short run. In particular, digitalization and SMEs development provide a win–win situation for China to mitigate climate change in the long run and become more environmentally sustainable.

Even though the traction towards a circular economy (CE) is on the rise, and the benefits a CE has across ecological, economic, and social frontiers have been undeniable, still, CE-related developments and its adoption have not been appealing. This study conducts a systematic literature review of the CE-related literature in line with the ‘umbrella framework’ to find the current state of the diffusion and diversification of CE concepts both in the academic context as well as in application. Using a thematic and content analysis of the sampled literature, the study (i) develops a comprehensive and inclusive CE definition and (ii) examines the level of diffusion of CE in the economy. The study concludes that, even though CE-related developments are positive and promising, it is still in the validity phase of the umbrella framework and recommends focusing more on the application-based intervention of the CE.

Startups play a pivotal role in advancing circular economy transitions and achieving sustainability goals, particularly in emerging economies like UAE. This study examines the contributions of two UAE startups, Careem and El Grocer companies, to innovation, scalability, and sustainability, providing insights into their operational dynamics and challenges. A qualitative research design was employed, incorporating semi-structured interviews, organizational document analysis, and observational data. The thematic analysis revealed key themes, including innovation and agility, sustainability practices, scaling challenges, and external influences. Careem demonstrated agility through its use of data-driven innovation and agile frameworks, enabling successful scaling and impactful sustainability practices via shared transportation models. In contrast, El Grocer faced significant operational inefficiencies and scaling challenges, despite its focus on reducing packaging waste and optimizing delivery logistics. Comparative analysis highlighted Careem’s ability to benefit from supportive policies and external funding, whereas El Grocer struggled with limited access to sector-specific support. The findings emphasize the critical role of scalable innovation and tailored support systems in enabling startups to overcome challenges and achieve systemic sustainability impacts. Recommendations include adopting agile frameworks, leveraging technology for operational efficiency, enhancing policy and funding ecosystems, and fostering collaboration across industries. This study provides valuable insights for startups, policymakers, and ecosystem enablers aiming to foster innovation and sustainability in the startup ecosystem, ultimately accelerating the transition to a resilient and circular economy.