To describe the presence of women in the governance of health-related scientific societies in Spain today. Spanish scientific societies were identified by vising the websites of the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality, and Fisterra. The sex of the president, executive officers and the board of directors was identified. Data were analyzed according to the overall percentage of women and by profession and setting. Of 173 scientific societies in July 2014, 41 had a female president (22.53%). Women held 35.45% of executive positions and accounted for 36.32% of the boards of directors. Only 16.07% of medical societies had a female president compared with 76.92% of nursing societies. Primary care societies had more women in executive positions (54.55%) than societies in which the professional activity of members involved both primary and secondary care (35.74%) and societies related to hospital care (27.93%). There is a lack of parity, which is greater in nursing and primary care societies than in medical and hospital-related societies. Parity decreases as the level of responsibility rises.

Background: Adolescence is a critical life period marked by significant vulnerability to risky sexual behaviours. Comprehensive sex education offers better sexual and reproductive health to adolescents. Aim: We aimed to analyse the effectiveness of sex education interventions on reducing risk behaviours among adolescents. Methods: A systematic peer review was conducted. The databases consulted were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL. The inclusion criteria were as follows: randomized clinical trials published between 2013 and 2023 and methodological quality ≥ 5 points as per the Van Tulder scale. Results: A total of 255 studies were identified, with 25 finally selected. Of them, sixteen dealt with non-condom use, one was about early sexarche, and eight combined several risk behaviours. There was predominance of in-person teaching at schools with lectures and varied activities. The sample was predominantly comprised by girls aged between 14 and 16 years old. Certain variability regarding content, technique, number of sessions, duration, locus, and teaching modality and staff was observed in the com-prehensive sex education interventions. Almost all the interventions were effective in reducing risky sexual behaviours; however, two studies failed to achieve a reduction in risky sexual behaviours.

The aim of this article is to analyze the fears about menstruation and health that have been passed down to us by oral transmission from a gender perspective. A qualitative study, whose design was the Grounded Theory, performed in Seville, Spain, with 24 rural and urban women from different generations, young (18-25, 26-35 years), middle aged (36-45, 46-55, 56-65 years) and elderly (> 65 years). The semi-structured interview was used as a data collection technique. The discourses were subjected to content analysis, following the steps of Grounded Theory. The results highlight the abundant fears related to use of water during menstruation, with very harmful effects to health. As a conclusion to highlight the lack of women's knowledge about reproductive health and that despite Health Education campaigns there are still ancient misconceptions present about menstruation.

Background/Objectives: The current trend in maternal health is to foster more natural and less medicalized therapies, with increasing interest in complementary therapies. This study has analyzed the benefits of complementary therapies during pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period. Methods: A paired systematic review was carried out (PROSPERO: CRD42024543981). The following databases were consulted: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials about complementary therapies in women during pregnancy, delivery and/or the postpartum period. The risk of bias of the clinical trials was evaluated using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials version 2 (RoB-2). Results: A total of 1684 studies were found, with a final selection of 17. The most studied symptom was pain. Hydrotherapy, perinatal Swiss ball exercises, acupressure, virtual reality and foot reflexology provided a significant reduction in pain during labor. Similarly, aromatherapy, electroacupuncture and massage have shown significant benefits in pain management after Cesarean. Yoga, when practiced during pregnancy, effectively reduces anxiety and depression, with similar benefits observed when practiced during the postpartum period. Conclusions: Complementary therapies improve pain, anxiety and depression management across maternal health phases.

Gynecological cancer is on the rise and radiotherapy is resorted to for its treatment, which affects the patients. This study was conducted following qualitative methodology to analyze women’s gender-based perceptions. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Five categories were defined: 1. feelings; 2. daily living activities; 3. role in the couple/family; 4. coping; and 5. knowledge and uncertainties. There was one emerging category: embarrassment and effects of toxicity. The qualitative data analysis was performed in Nudist NVivo V.11. It was concluded that the patients presented both positive and negative feelings, there were limitations to their daily living activities, their role in the couple/family was affected, they faced problems with resignation, emotional avoidance, and spirituality, they mostly stated having incomplete information, and they underwent uncomfortable situations due to the secondary effects of radiotherapy.