Anxiety disorders are widespread across the world. Understanding the global burden of anxiety disorders in the past and future can provide important references for optimizing prevention and control strategies in healthcare systems. The estimation of anxiety disorders in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 using systematic review was conducted to describe incidence, prevalence and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021. Trends were examined using joinpoint regression analysis and correlation between Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and temporal trends was assessed. In 2021, the global age-standardised prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR), and age-standardised DALYs rates for anxiety disorders were 4421.9 (95 % uncertainty intervals [UIs] 3768.3 to 5182.1), 678.3(565.2 to 832.4), and 524.3(363.1 to 716.3) per 100,000 population, which were 18 %, 20.6 %, and 18.2 % higher than in 1990, respectively. In 2021, Brazil (9007.4), Portugal (9712.4), and Paraguay (8390) had the highest ASPR of anxiety disorders. Brazil (53.2 %), Peru (38.4 %), and Bolivia (42.2 %) showed the largest increases in ASPR across the study period. In women, the global DALY rate of anxiety disorders increased up to age 20-44 years and then decreased with advancing age, whereas for men the rate the same as in women. Regionally, an overall undulating pattern association was found between SDI and the age standardised DALYs rate of anxiety disorders. The global female ASIR slightly increased from 1990 to 2019 (Annual percent change [APC]: 0.02 %). However, from 2019 to 2021, it saw a substantial rise (APC: 10.78 %). With the development of society, the disease burden of anxiety disorder will become increasingly severe. It is very important to study the accurate epidemiological data on anxiety disorder for clinical diagnosis and treatment and health policy.

Background: In recent years, the rates of suicide among young people have been increasing, and major depressive disorder (MDD) is regarded to be its main cause. Many factors such as thyroid dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities are thought to mediate this process, but the conclusions are inconsistent. This study investigated the rate of suicide attempts and associated risk factors among young, first-episode and drug-naïve Chinese Han patients with MDD. Methods: A total of 917 patients with MDD (aged 18 ~ 35 years) were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were collected and thyroid function, fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles were measured. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 items (HAMD-17), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), positive symptom subscale of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and clinical global impression of severity scale (CGI-S) were adopted to assess depression, anxiety, psychotic symptoms and disease severity respectively. Results: The rate of suicide attempts was 19.5% in young MDD patients. There were significant differences in age (p = 0.003), education level (p = 0.001), age of onset (p = 0.004) and disease duration (p = 0.001) between patients with and without suicide attempts. Compared with patients without suicide attempts, patients with suicide attempts had significantly higher scores on the HAMD-17, HAMA, PANSS positive symptom subscale and CGI-S (all p < 0.001). Patients with suicide attempts had significantly higher levels of TSH (p < 0.001), TgAb (p = 0.004), TPOAb (p < 0.001), TG (p = 0.016), TC (p < 0.001), LDL (p < 0.001), and fasting glucose (p < 0.001), but significantly lower levels of HDL (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that marital status (OR = 0.515, 95%CI: 0.280–0.950, p = 0.515), disease duration (OR = 1.100, 95%CI: 1.013–1.194, p = 0.024), HAMA score (OR = 1.313, 95%CI: 1.205–1.430, p < 0.001), CGI-S score (OR = 1.875, 95%CI: 1.339–2.624, p < 0.001), levels of FT3(OR = 0.717, 95%CI: 0.536–0.959, p = 0.025), TPOAb (OR = 1.004, 95%CI: 1.002–1.006, p < 0.001), TC (OR = 1.330, 95%CI: 1.011–1.750, p = 0.042) and LDL (OR = 0.736, 95%CI: 0.558–0.971, p = 0.030) were all independently associated with suicide attempts in young MDD patients. Conclusions: In China, the rate of suicide attempts in young patients with MDD is quite high and thyroid dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities may be implicated in its pathogenesis.

Background: Although sleep quality is clearly associated with job burnout as shown in the existing research, the mechanism underpinning such relationship remains undefined. This work, thus, aimed to assess the current situation of sleep quality and burnout in Chinese psychiatric nurses, and to analyze the relationships between sleep quality, burnout and coping style, in order to provide possible targets to enhance mental health and wellbeing among psychiatric nurses.Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in seven rehabilitation centers located in four different regions of China. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleeping Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey, and the Coping Style Questionnaire were distributed to 853 nurses in various mental hospitals, with a total of 664 participants being recruited in the final research.Results: The results of this current study showed a high prevalence of sleep disorders and burnout in Chinese psychiatric nurses. Moreover, emotional exhaustion (r = 0.456), cynicism (r = 0.323) and negative coping style (r = 0.191) in nurses were all positively correlated with total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, while professional efficacy (r = −0.079) and positive coping style (r = −0.140) were negatively correlated with total PSQI score. More interestingly, of all negative coping strategies, we found that self-blame had the most significant effect (β = 0.156).Conclusions: The above results showed that coping style mediates the association of poor sleep quality with job burnout in Chinese psychiatric nurses. This study claimed that there is an urgent need to development the coping skills to sustain a healthy work life for nurses.