(1) Background: The administration of subcutaneous (SC) injectables is among the most frequent procedures a nurse performs in daily practice. The needle for the injection must pass through the skin barrier to reach the SC space, where the drug will be deposited. This procedure can cause pain to the patient and local lesions. Local fat measurement can be performed by measuring the skin fold. Previous studies have found higher levels of pain in people with obesity receiving SC insulin, and this study thus aimed to measure pain levels during and after an SC injection of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and identify how age, gender, and obesity may modulate the level of pain during and after the procedure. (2) Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and the variables included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), BMI quartile, abdominal skin folds (ASFs), ASF quartile, and pain level during and after injection. A caliper was used to measure ASFs, height and weight were used to calculate BMI, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to measure pain. (3) Results: The sample amounted to 202 participants, which was not considered representative of the study population. The average age was 64.3 years, and females predominated (62.40%). Of these participants, 42.5% were obese, and 29.1% were overweight. The average pain levels were low during (1.4) and after injection (1.9), highlighting the absence of pain during injection in 29.7% and after injection in 34.2%. (4) Conclusions: Obesity was associated with increased pain, but when adjusted for age, the pain was no longer significant. Females and young participants showed a significant relationship with pain during injection. Age, gender, and obesity had a statistically significant relationship with pain level. Participants with obesity (according to BMI and ASF) showed the highest levels of pain during and after injection. After injection, there was an increase in pain in most cases, possibly due to the discomfort caused by the drug itself, an aspect considered in the drug’s technical data sheet as a frequent adverse effect (>1/10 to <1/100). However, the drug volume does not seem to be related to pain in this study.

Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) is commonly used as an antithrombotic in patients with reduced mobility. Its administration is performed by invasive technique (injections) that can cause pain: (1) Background: Pain and bruising are the most common side effects in patients treated with LMWH, but the skin phototype (PT) has never been included; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study, developed in the Hospital Unit of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery over one year. To classify all participants in the sample considering their skin PT and the different pain levels “during” and “after” the administration of enoxaparin. The STROBE checklist was used to evaluate the study. Data analyses were carried out: descriptive statistical analysis and analysis of Variance ANOVA of a non-parametric factor; (3) Results: The sample was 202 participants. The most frequent skin PTs were PT II 43.6% and PT III 33.2%. Mean pain after injection (1.96) was greater than pain during injection (1.4). Better natural protection against sunlight (high PT) would indicate greater post-injection pain; (4) Conclusions: Participants with a medium-high phototype (≥III) perceive a greater pain sensation than participants with a low phototype (≤II) after the administration of enoxaparin.

During a pandemic, and given the need to quickly screen febrile and non-febrile humans, it is necessary to know the concordance between different thermometers (TMs) and understand how environmental factors influence the measurements made by these instruments. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the potential influence of environmental factors on the measurements made by four different TMs and the concordance between these instruments in a hospital setting. Method: The study employed a cross-sectional observational methodology. The participants were patients who had been hospitalised in the traumatology unit. The variables were body temperature, room temperature, room relative humidity, light, and noise. The instruments used were a Non Contract Infrared TM, Axillary Electronic TM, Gallium TM, and Tympanic TM. A lux meter, a sound level meter, and a thermohygrometer measured the ambient variables. Results: The study sample included 288 participants. Weak significant relationships were found between noise and body temperature measured with Tympanic Infrared TM, r = −0.146 (p < 0.01) and likewise between environmental temperature and this same TM, r = 0.133 (p < 0.05). The concordance between the measurements made by the four different TMs showed an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.479. Conclusions: The concordance between the four TMs was considered “fair”.

Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive, cost-effective, and generally reliable instrument measuring pulse rate and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂). However, these measurements can be affected by the patient’s internal or external factors, including the type of pulse oximeter device (POD). (1) This study’s objective was to identify potential environmental factors that may impact the measurements taken by three PODs. (2) Methods: A descriptive–analytical cross-sectional study was designed. The patients’ SpO₂ levels were measured using a standard monitor and two PODs owned by the professionals. The measurements were taken on the patients’ fingers. Concurrently, we evaluated the surrounding environmental conditions, encompassing temperature, humidity, illuminance, and noise. (3) Results: This study involved 288 adult participants in the sample. For each 20-decibel increment in noise, there was a reduction in SpO₂ by an average of 1%, whereas for every additional degree of ambient temperature, SpO₂ decreased by an average of 2% (4) Conclusions: Significant correlations between SpO₂ and age, as well as with noise and ambient temperature, were observed. No significant differences between oxygen saturation and lighting or humidity were observed. This study was prospectively registered with the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Gran Canaria at the Dr. Negrín University Hospital, with protocol code 2019-247-1, and approved on 24 May 2019.

The elderly suffer a greater number of health problems and have greater need for assistance and care. (1) Background: to determine the profile of the elderly who live alone, identified according to the Primary Care Health Record of Gran Canaria, and to analyze the sociodemographic data of the target population and determine the characteristics related to morbidity. (2) Methods: descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study carried out in the Primary Health Care Management of Gran Canaria. The study population was all adults over 65 years of age living alone. The instrument used was the Drago-Electronic Health Record. Data analysis was carried out using RStudio version 1.1.447 software, and descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were carried out using the Chi-square values, T-test for independent samples, and ANOVA. (3) Results: The sample amounted to 8679 subjects, predominantly female sex (86.14%) and with a mean age of 79.4 years. Of the sample, 6.4% lived alone. Based on the classification by Adjusted Morbidity Groups (AMG), subjects with “moderate complications” predominated at 45.5%. (4) Conclusions: It is necessary to implement this type of stratification tool, which allows interventions to be carried out in elderly people at risk.