A significant risk factor of child maltreatment is parental substance use. In response to the burgeoning number of child maltreatment cases involving substance use, the child welfare system has created various models of intervention. Utilizing the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify and characterize interventions utilized by child welfare agencies seeking reunification. A search of seven electronic databases examined peer-reviewed articles published between 2006 and October 2016. Four models of intervention became apparent throughout the review, which included Family Treatment Drug Court (FTDC), Family Treatment Drug Court plus additional services (FTDC Plus), Comprehensive Services (also referred to as Wrap Around), and the Strengthening Families Program (SFP). Results suggested that the most critical aspect of successful treatment and reunification was whether parents received comprehensive services that were specifically matched to the individual, regardless of the chosen treatment model.

Frontline child welfare supervisors are a vitally important component for providing leadership in service delivery and workforce stability. This statewide study of public child welfare supervisors uses a modified version of a previously developed instrument (the CWEFS) to examine job satisfaction and factors influencing supervisors’ intention to leave. A consistent negative perception of salary was found but a stratified pattern of dissatisfaction emerged across other variables when examined by intention to leave (Stayers, Undecided, and Leavers). A Hierarchical Binary Logistic Regression Model identified two factors that predicted intention to leave: dissatisfaction with administrative support and workload impact.

Using data from a state-wide survey of frontline supervisors from a state child welfare agency, this study qualitatively examined how stress from their positions may have affected their perceived health. With a response rate of 44%, 117 frontline supervisors participated and provided 240 comments describing health consequences in their physical health, mental health, work-life balance, and development of unhealthy habits or behaviors. Implications from this study are discussed in the context of workplace stress and employee turnover.