Small and medium farmers across the USA face multifarious challenges for survival. Agritourism has been an alternative to diversify their income streams. Researchers have examined various factors determining the profitability of agritourism operations that range from the operators’ socio-demographic and firmographic to geographic characteristics. However, the understanding of the extent to which the number of visitors and other factors influence the profitability of agritourism operators in Maryland, USA, is limited. This paper examines various factors associated with (a) the profitability of and (b) the number of visitors to agritourism operations. Using data collected from Maryland in 2022, the multivariate results reveal that the number of visitors to the farm increases the odds of profitability. However, the relationship was mediated by the number of employees, which influenced the number of attractions and visitors. Moreover, the number of employees independently and significantly affected the profitability. Further results reveal that the length of operation, the number of employees, and operating during the fall season significantly influence the number of visitors. These findings imply that policies should consider ways to facilitate labor hiring as well as other factors to attract farm visitors and increase farm profitability.

This study examines the critical nature and the difficulties associated with understanding the fundamental ideology of the postcolonial wave of new terrorism on the African continent. This is facilitated through a contemporary interpretation of elite dominant economic and political structures and their role in the transformation and activation of latent ideologies of socioeconomic liberation. The consequences of the interaction of these dominance structures in the society are examined as a colonial legacy, which predicts and domiciles a state of international dependency and a culture of corruption within postcolonial African states. The remedy for this practice is discussed as a function of good governance and is based on the expansion of communication, socioeconomic opportunities, and social mobility.

This article examines the predictions of crime pattern theory in a unique neighborhood type. It tested potential crime attracting facilities against street robbery data from 2009 to 2013 in the Police Districts I & II in Downtown Houston. The analysis modeled the four daily human routine periods described in the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). Generalized linear simultaneous negative binomial regression model was used to determine the size of the influence of the variables (beta coefficients) and their significance for each model outcome. The findings show some distinct patterns of street robbery due to the immediate and lagged effects of the variables relatable to the study environment’s unique setting. Two variables, geographic mobility, and barbershops were particularly significant across three of the outcome models. The results suggest that the physical and social structure of neighborhoods determined by land-use regulations would enhance understanding of the time-based influence on robbery patterns due to crime-attracting facilities.

Within a changing global consciousness for international guardianship of the targets of terrorism, this article explores the broad narratives, strengths, and limitations of adopting community policing for the control of herdsmen terrorism in West Africa. It follows the search by social engineering and criminal justice practitioners for a relational and experiential agent for social change against destructive terrorist tendencies and its eroding influence on the sensibilities of human civilization. The article frames an approach for creating a social policing environment in rural and poor communities along pastoral transhumance routes in West and Central Africa. The mass murder of indigenous communities by the migratory and transborder terror groups in this region is a crime against humanity. The adoption of the concept of “connected communities” is suggested to create a multilayered and all-involving intelligence community policing shield in individual communities under siege of the pastoralists.

The structure and functions of neighborhoods determine the impact of measures used to estimate the distribution of street robbery across space and time. The risk of street robbery could vary between different sections of the area. Prior research has typically relied on one-dimensional analysis, which sparsely accounts for the hierarchical configuration of a neighborhood’s influence on spatial crime distribution. Much less is known about how the predictor variables moderate each other at different neighborhood levels. Data was collected from 13,789 US Census blocks ( N = 13,788) aggregated to administrative neighborhoods ( N = 278) to examine how neighborhood structure affects street robbery distribution at two spatial levels. A Risk Terrain Model was adopted to develop a physical environment risk measure—Aggregate Neighborhood Risk of Crime (ANROC), which, alongside sociodemographic risk factors, predicted the outcomes of the Negative Binomial General Linear Regression models. Study findings suggest that individual-level (block) and group (neighborhood) level predictors influenced street robbery. Both group-level physical environment and total population moderated the impact of the individual-level physical environment on street robbery incidents.