Introduction: The widespread use of the internet has brought numerous benefits, but it has also raised concerns about its potential negative impact on mental health, particularly among university students. This study aims to investigate the relationship between internet addiction (IA) and mental health (MH) in university students, as well as explore the mediating effects of positive psychological capital (PsyCap) in this relationship. Objective: The main goal of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the measures and to determine whether internet addiction could negatively predict university students’ mental health, mediated through PsyCap. Method: A cross-sectional design with an inferential approach was employed to address this objective. The data were collected using the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24), Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), and Keyes’ Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF). The total sample of this study comprised 850 students from two large public higher education institutions in Ethiopia, of whom 334 (39.3%) were female and 516 (60.7%) were male, with a mean age of 22.32 (SD = 4.04). Several analyses were performed to achieve the stated objectives, such as Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliabilities, bivariate correlation, discriminant validity, common method biases, and structural equation modeling (confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, and mediation analysis). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the construct validity of IAS, PCQ-24, and MHC-SF. Additionally, the mediating model was examined using structural equation modeling with the corrected biased bootstrap method. Results: The preliminary study results found that the construct validity of IAS, PCQ-24, and MHC-SF was excellent and appropriate. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that internet addiction had a negative and direct effect on PsyCap and MH. Moreover, PsyCap fully mediated the relationship between IA and MH. Additionally, this study confirmed that all the scales exhibited strong internal consistency and good psychometric properties. Conclusion: This study contributes to a better understanding of the complex interplay between IA, PsyCap, and MH among university students, confirming previous findings. Recommendation: The findings, discussed in relation to the recent and relevant literature, will be valuable for practitioners and researchers aiming to improve mental health and reduce internet addiction by utilizing positive psychological resources as protective factors for university students.

Psychiatric comorbidity is a double burden among people with epilepsy. Since people with epilepsy are more vulnerable to psychiatric illnesses. So, the implementation of an appropriate intervention to minimize the double burden of comorbidity is very important. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric comorbidity among people with epilepsy in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Item Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. Searching databases were PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and HINARI.The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The pooled meta-logistic regression was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence and the risk factors with a 95% CI. The pooled prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in people with epilepsy was 34.69 % (95 % CI: 29.27, 40.10). Frequent seizures (POR = 2.94: 95 % CI: 1.08, 8.00) and a history of divorce (POR = 2.00: 95 % CI: 1.09, 3.81) were associated factors of psychiatric comorbidity in people with epilepsy. This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity among people with epilepsy was found to be higher compared with the general population. Therefore, among people with epilepsy, parallel psychiatric evaluation is very important along with neurological evaluation.

Globally, sleep disorders are an important global public health problem. Poor sleep hygiene is at the core of chronic insomnia and other sleep disorders. Sleep hygiene practices are effective, practical, and affordable, and have no side effects other than other therapies benefiting patients with epilepsy. However, there is no research regarding sleep hygiene practice and its awareness among people with epilepsy in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess sleep hygiene practice and its factors in patients with epilepsy. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The study included 424 participants selected through systematic random sampling. An interviewer-administered Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) questionnaire was used to collect data.The collected data was analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0. Bi-variable and multi-variable analyses were conducted to identify factors related to poor sleep hygiene. The frequency of poor sleep hygiene practice among people with epilepsy was 59.5%. Non-adherence to AED (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.13, 3.23), depression (AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.42, 4.21), poor sleep quality (AOR = 5.7, 95% CI: 3.12, 10.01), anxiety (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.67, 4.82), and current alcohol drinkers (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.27, 3.13) were associated with poor sleep hygiene practice. The perception of sleep hygiene practice among patients with epilepsy was poor. Non-adherence to AED, depression, poor sleep quality, anxiety, and current use of alcohol were associated with poor sleep hygiene practices. Therefore, regular screening, sleep issue management, and expanded mental health support are crucial. Training programs and awareness strategies to improve sleep hygiene are highly recommended. Professionals should incorporate sleep hygiene in epilepsy care.

Background: Suicide poses a significant global health challenge and is a leading cause of death among adolescent girls. Although suicidal ideation and attempts are known to increases sharply during female adolescence, and help-seeking behaviors are especially rare in low-income countries, no studies have been conducted on this population in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the magnitude, factors related to suicidal ideation and attempts, and help-seeking behaviors. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Illu Abba Bor Zone, involving 847 participants selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data, collected using interviewer-administered WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and General Help-Seeking Questionnaires, were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the outcomes. Results: Of the 847 sampled girls, 810 participated, yielding a response rate of 95.6%. The prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and attempts was 25.3%, 19.8%, and 16.1%, respectively. Their help-seeking behaviors for suicidality were 14.6%. Risk factors for suicidal ideation included experiencing gender-based violence (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.94, 6.46), anxiety (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.42, 4.21), food insecurity (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.19, 3.48), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.78, 6.21). For suicidal attempts, associated factors were depression (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI: 2.01, 6.52), gender-based violence (AOR = 4.56, 95% CI: 2.12, 9.34), social phobia (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.27, 3.13), and a family history of suicide (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.41, 3.65). Conclusions: Findings indicate that one in four adolescent girls experienced suicidal ideation, one in six made attempts, but rates of help-seeking behaviors were low. Immediate intervention is crucial; it is essential to design and implement comprehensive, multi-level strategies targeting suicide prevention. Promoting community mental health, help-seeking behaviors for suicidality, and reducing violence against girls are vital steps needed to tackle mental health issues.

Sleep problems pose global public health concerns, particularly among nurses, with approximately two-thirds experiencing sleep disturbances and fatigue. Although poor sleep hygiene and fatigue can impair nurses' performance and alertness, increasing work-related accidents, chronic diseases, absenteeism, burnout, and medical errors, ultimately threatening both nurses' well-being and patient safety, no studies have been conducted in Ethiopia. This study assesses sleep hygiene practices and perceived fatigue, examines their associations and associated factors among nurses. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 424 nurses via simple random sampling. Data collected using self-administered Sleep Hygiene Index, Chalder Fatigue Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaires analyzed with SPSS Version 26.0. Bivariate, multivariate, and Pearson correlation analyses were done. The study revealed that 52.3% and 89.3% of nurses had poor sleep hygiene practices, and perceived fatigue respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between poor sleep hygiene and fatigue (r = 0.67, P < 0.001). Burnout syndrome (AOR = 4.51, 95% CI: 2.60, 8.05), depression (AOR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.53, 4.09), current alcohol drinkers (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.08), shift work sleep disorders (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.82), poor sleep quality (AOR = 5.04,95% CI:2.33,9.52), and job-related stress (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.76-6.98) were associated factors. Over half of nurses had poor sleep hygiene, and highly experienced perceived fatigue. A significant positive correlation was found between poor sleep hygiene practices and fatigue. Thus, promoting good sleep habits to manage and prevent fatigue among nurses are crucial.

The use of restrictive care practices, such as physical restraint, seclusion and chemical restraint, is complex and controversial, posing ethical and legal dilemmas for healthcare professionals. These challenges often lead to reliance on subjective judgments, resulting in inconsistent clinical practices. This umbrella review synthesized findings from systematic reviews to identify and summarize key factors influencing healthcare practitioners’ decision-making regarding restrictive care practices in adult mental health inpatient settings. A comprehensive search of electronic databases and manual reference list reviews was conducted. Studies were screened using Covidence software, and eligible reviews underwent quality assessment with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews. Only reviews reporting qualitative data on factors and contexts influencing clinician’s decision-making to implement restrictive care practices were included. The data were synthesized using inductive content analysis. The findings, presented in accordance with the PRIOR checklist, are based on 21 qualitative reviews. This review identified a wide range of contexts and actors influencing decision-making. Factors were grouped into five themes: healthcare professionals’ characteristics, service user-related factors, organizational and contextual factors, the involvement of other people and external elements such as international conventions, policies and cultural norms. Decision-making is shaped by the interplay of these factors, leading to variability in the application of restrictive care practices across healthcare settings. The findings emphasize the need for standardized frameworks to promote consistency in clinical practice. Addressing external pressures, such as organizational policies, staffing shortages, limited resources, time constraints and safety concerns, while providing healthcare professionals with appropriate tools and evidence-based guidelines, will support ethical, consistent and informed decision-making that aligns with best practices.