Submersible tubular pumps are an ideal choice for pump stations that require high flow rates and low lift. These pumps combine the unique features of submersible motors with axial flow pump technology, making them highly efficient and cost-effective. They have found extensive applications in China’s rapidly developing water conservancy industry. In this research, we focus on investigating the pressure pulsation characteristics of the internal bulb body in a specific pump station project in China. To conduct our analysis, we utilize a model of the submersible tubular pump and strategically position 18 monitoring points. These monitoring points cover various sections, including the impeller inlet and outlet, guide vane outlet, as well as the inlet, middle, and outlet sections of the bulb body segment. To calculate the unsteady flow of the system, we employ numerical simulation techniques. By combining the outcomes of model tests, we determine the pressure pulsation characteristics. The comparison of results reveals a remarkable similarity between the efficiency–head curves obtained from the numerical simulation and the model test. While the model test yields slightly higher head results, the numerical simulation indicates slightly higher efficiency values. This finding lends strong support to the reliability of numerical simulation results, which can provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of submersible tubular pumps. Overall, submersible tubular pumps demonstrate their suitability for pump stations with high flow rates and low lift requirements. The study of pressure pulsation characteristics within the bulb body contributes to a better understanding of their performance and facilitates their further application in the field of water conservancy engineering.