The highly conserved Notch signaling pathway affects embryonic development, neurogenesis, homeostasis, tissue repair, immunity, and numerous other essential processes. Although previous studies have demonstrated the location and function of the core components of Notch signaling in various animal phyla, a more comprehensive summary of the Notch core components in lower organisms is still required. In this review, we objectively summarize the molecular features of the Notch signaling pathway constituents, their current expression profiles, and their functions in invertebrates, with emphasis on their effects on neurogenesis and regeneration. We also analyze the evolution and other facets of Notch signaling and hope that the contents of this review will be useful to interested researchers.