The escalating urgency to address environmental degradation and promote sustainable development globally has emphasized the critical role of Green Finance (GF) in fostering responsible practices across industries. The tourism sector has drawn significant attention due to its substantial environmental impact, necessitating the implementation of robust financial mechanisms to mitigate its ecological footprint. China, recognized as a key player in the global tourism arena, the convergence of rapid economic expansion and the imperative for environmental conservation presents a distinctive set of challenges and opportunities. The study employed the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodologies to systematically evaluate the impact of GF. The findings of fuzzy AHP indicate the critical role of environmental sustainability measures (GF2) as the topmost impacting factor. This refers to the practice of utilizing financial mechanisms and instruments to support initiatives that promote environmental conservation, minimize ecological footprints, and foster sustainable development. While financial allocation and effectiveness (GF1) and policy and regulatory framework impact (GF4) also hold significant importance in shaping sustainable tourism development. Moreover, the results of fuzzy TOPSIS identified top strategies such as green bond innovation for ecosystem regeneration (S1) and circular economy integration (S4), which can play a significant role in promoting sustainable tourism practices by facilitating initiatives aimed at ecosystem regeneration and integrating circular economy principles into the tourism industry.

This paper analyzes the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), economic growth, and institutional quality to maintain sustainable energy efficiency in BRICS. The objective of our study is to decompose which elements collectively impact the uptake of sustainable energy practices. A comprehensive dataset and an advanced econometric model Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) are employed to investigate the dynamics at play. It has been done through comprehensive research to understand these FDI mechanisms driving the sustainable energy transition, bringing forth the fundamental role of strong institutions and sustained growth. In contrast to existing models, the analysis incorporates institutional quality, providing a fresh perspective on the impact of this factor on FDI and economic development in the BRICS economies. Findings show the crucial position FDI holds in developing sustainable energy and the institutional structure's effectiveness in accomplishing the current objectives. We have kept the position of economic growth, which serves as the essential driver for environmentally friendly use of energy resources. Our results have shown that FDI in sustainable energy is a requisite for economic growth improvement and the need for such progress to be supported by effective institutions to facilitate intra-regional investments.

As China strives for carbon neutrality, the transition to digital energy systems presents both significant opportunities and formidable challenges. This study investigates the key barriers hindering this transition and the urgent need for effective strategies to address them, raising the critical research question: What are the main obstacles to digital energy adoption in China, and how can these challenges be overcome? In this study, the fuzzy AHP method has been utilized to prioritize barriers and fuzzy WASPAS to evaluate the strategies. Using fuzzy AHP, we found that stakeholder and governance barriers are the most critical, emphasizing issues like misalignment among stakeholders and governance challenges. Following this, financial constraints and technological limitations emerged as other significant barriers, highlighting the need for improved financing mechanisms and robust infrastructure. Through fuzzy WASPAS analysis, the top strategies identified are enhancing public awareness and capacity-building programs, strengthening governance and anti-corruption measures, and increasing investment in green finance. The results emphasize the importance of tackling governance and financial issues alongside technological advancements. Policy implications and recommendations are provided to guide China’s digital energy transition, with suggestions for future research focused on broader regional comparisons and the integration of emerging technologies.

The effort to integrate sustainable energy and promote green tourism within China's Eco-Industrial Parks (EIPs) is a crucial move toward balancing industrial development with ecological sustainability. As the world's largest producer and consumer of energy, China's industrial sector significantly impacts global environmental health. Integrating sustainable energy within EIPs not only aims to reduce the carbon footprint and mitigate climate change but also enhances opportunities for sustainable tourism practices. This research uses a thorough methodology that combines the Delphi method and the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to systematically evaluate and rank the challenges associated with sustainable energy integration and green tourism for EIPs in China. Through an iterative Delphi approach, five main challenges and 20 related sub-challenges have been identified. The Fuzzy AHP approach was utilized to analyze and assign weights to these challenges, providing insight into their relative importance to the adoption of sustainable energy into EIPs to promote green tourism practices. The most important aspect is economic viability (C1), according to the results of fuzzy AHP. The next major hurdles are recognized as the regulatory frameworks (C4) and socio-cultural acceptance (C2). Examining the underlying sub-challenges, the task of calculating return on investment metrics (C12) came up as the most weighted. Significant sub-challenges were also identified, including regulatory incentives for clean energy deployment (C41) and overcoming societal resistance (C21). This insight guides researchers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers in creating targeted interventions to promote the integration of sustainable energy and green tourism within China's EIPs.