Disruptions in multimodal transportation networks can lead to significant damage and loss, affecting not only the networks’ efficiency but also their sustainability. Given the size, dynamics, and complex nature of these networks, it is essential to understand and enhance their resilience against disruptions. This not only ensures their functionality and performance but also supports sustainable development by maintaining equitable service across various communities and economic sectors. Therefore, developing efficient techniques to increase the robustness and resilience of transportation networks is crucial for both operational success and sustainability. This research introduces a multicriteria mixed integer linear programming (MCMILP) model aimed at enhancing the resilience and performance of multimodal–multi-commodity transportation networks. By ensuring effective distribution of commodities, alongside a cost-efficient distribution strategy in the wake of disruptive events, our model contributes significantly to sustainable transportation practices. The proposed MCMILP model demonstrates that integrating equality considerations while seeking a cost-efficient distribution strategy significantly mitigates the impact of disruptions, thereby bolstering the resilience of multimodal transportation networks. To illustrate the capabilities of the proposed modeling approach, we present a case study based on the multimodal transportation network in Colombia. The results show a significant improvement in the number of nodes that satisfy their demand requirements with respect to other approaches based on reducing total unsatisfied demand and transportation costs.