Introduction Cephalohematomas in the newborn period are related to the accumulation of blood between the bone and periosteum as a result of a series of adverse conditions during labor. The optimal approach to cephalohematoma cases is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to present the follow-up data of 94 newborns with a cephalohematoma size of >50 mm and a higher risk of ossification. Methods This is a single-center, non-randomized, prospective, observational study conducted from May 2014 to May 2019. Records of all newborns with cephalohematoma were reviewed in terms of gender, birth weight, cephalohematoma region, transverse/vertical diameter of the lesion, delivery method, and rate of ossification. Results The girl-to-boy ratio was 53/41, with a mean gestational age of 38.3 +/- 1.4 weeks and a mean birth weight of 3,300 +/- 800 grams. The mean transverse/vertical diameter of cephalohematoma was 59 +/- 9 mm. Cephalohematoma was completely resorbed at the first-month control visits in 72 (76.6%) cases, whereas nine (9.57%) had an ossified cephalohematoma. The ossification was completely or partially resorbed in these at the end of the one-year follow-up. Conclusion Hence, we suggest that an early intervention is not required in the routine treatment of cases with hematomas with a size of >50 mm in size unless otherwise stipulated with clinical indications.

Aim: This study aims to examine pain, disability, anxiety, and quality of life in patients undergoing lumbar disc herniation (LDH) surgery with and without COVID-19. Material and Method: Eighty patients who were diagnosed with LDH and planned surgery between March and September 2023 were included in the study. 50% of the patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 for at most six months, according to the positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. 50% of the patients had no symptoms of COVID-19, ranging from mild to severe, and the PCR test was negative (-). The patients' pain level, disability, anxiety, and quality of life were evaluated and compared between the groups with and without COVID. Results: The mean scores of physical roles, physical function, mental health, body pain, and social function on the SF-36 quality of life scale in the LDH+COVID-19 (+) patient group were significantly lower than those in LDH+COVID-19 (-) (p

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) is a persistent challenge for neurosurgeons, with current relapse, mortality, and morbidity rates not meeting desired outcomes. This study aims to identify the anatomical regions of postoperative residual hemorrhage and discuss their potential implications for surgical practice. Methods: This retrospective, observational study reviewed the demographic, clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes of 74 patients who underwent surgery for CSH between January 1, 2017, and October 1, 2021, at a single-center. Data were collected from the hospital's electronic database, including patient history, physical examination records, and preoperative and postoperative imaging. Results: Postoperative day 1 computed tomography scans revealed the most common region for residual hemorrhage was the inferior frontal gyrus in 17 cases (23.0%; valid percentage: 42.5%). Residual hemorrhage was detected in the superior parietal lobe in 9 cases (12.2%; valid percentage: 22.5%). High valid percentages of residual hemorrhage were also noted in the temporal (62.5%) and occipital (66.6%) regions. Conclusions: The inferior frontal gyrus, temporal, and occipital regions are the most common sites for postoperative residual hemorrhage in CSH patients. Identifying these regions can guide surgical planning and intraoperative focus, potentially improving patient outcomes. This study provides valuable insights for refining presurgical strategies and targeting specific anatomical areas during surgery.

Background and objective: Low back pain remains a pervasive global health challenge, with significant disability and socio-economic burden. While contemporary biomechanical and occupational factors are well-studied, the role of human spinal evolution and its divergence from modern postural behaviors is less frequently examined. This study aims to visually explore and illustrate the historical evolution of human spinal posture through artistic representations, conceptually highlighting the potential biomechanical mismatch between our spine’s evolutionary adaptations and current lifestyle-driven postures. Methods: We conducted a qualitative visual analysis of human figures depicted in selected artworks from three distinct historical periods: the hunter-gatherer era, the agricultural transition, and the post-industrial age. Observed spinal postures were qualitatively compared to established biomechanical data on intradiscal pressure levels, derived from previous in-vivo studies. This comparison was used to illustrate potential physiological or pathological loading on the spine across different historical contexts. Results: Our visual observations suggest a noticeable shift in depicted human postures over time. Figures from the hunter-gatherer period primarily exhibit upright, dynamic positions with an apparent absence of prolonged sitting or significant forward flexion. In contrast, artworks from agricultural and post-industrial societies frequently portray individuals in more flexed, static, and often ergonomically suboptimal postures, including prolonged sitting, bending, and heavy lifting with improper form. These observed postural trends visually align with positions independently associated with increased intradiscal pressures and greater spinal strain in biomechanical literature. Conclusion: This study visually traces the evolution of human spinal posture from the hunter-gatherer era to modern industrial life, highlighting a shift from dynamic, biomechanically healthy positions to static and suboptimal postures. These changes, reflected in historical art and linked to lifestyle transitions such as agriculture and industrialization, may underlie the rising prevalence of spinal disorders. The findings suggest that aligning modern practices with the spine’s evolutionary design could help prevent and manage spinal pathologies.