Decreased physical performance and impaired physiological and psychological fitness have been reported in patients with acute leukemia (AL). We performed a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of exercise in patients with AL. In this meta-analysis, the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL and PEDro were searched through November 2015. Three authors participated in the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment. The instrument used for quality assessment was derived from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Analyses were performed according to the recommendations of The Cochrane Collaboration using Review Manager 5.3. Nine trials (8 randomized controlled trials and 1 quasi-experimental design trial) with 314 AL participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled standardized mean differences between the exercise and control groups were 0.45 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09 to 0.80, P value = 0.01, P for heterogeneity = 0.23, I² = 28%) for cardiorespiratory fitness and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.28 to 1.06, P value = 0.0007, P for heterogeneity = 0.14, I² = 43%) for muscle strength. Based on the data for fatigue, anxiety, and depression, there were no significant differences in these parameters between the exercise and control groups. Exercise has beneficial effects on cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and functional mobility; however, no significant improvements in fatigue, anxiety, depression or quality of life were observed. Further large-scale randomized trials are needed to assess the safety, feasibility and efficacy of exercise programs for AL patients.

Efficacy of intermittent pneumatic compression for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cognitive dysfunction is a common complication of diabetes after central nervous system involvement. The impact of exercise, as an important non-pharmacological intervention strategy, on cognitive function remains controversial. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impact of exercise on cognitive function of elderly patients with type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We computer searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang date, and VIP, and traced back the references included in the literature from 1974 to July 2024. We used RevMan5.4 software for data analysis, and also conducted sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses. Eight eligible studies with a combined total of 747 elderly patients with T2DM were included. Meta-analysis showed that the combined effect size of exercise intervention on cognitive improvement in elderly patients with T2DM was significant [SMD = 0.65, 95% CI (0.48, 0.82), P < 0.01]. The following three factors had significant effects on the overall cognitive function of participants: subgroups (MoCA group [MD = 2.22 95% CI (1.26, 3.18), P < 0.01] and MMSE group [MD = 1.81, 95% CI (0.71,2.90), P = 0.001]); intervention times (3-month intervention [MD = 3.14, 95% CI (2.50, 3.78), P < 0.01], 6-month intervention [SMD = 0.32, 95% CI (0.12. 0.52), P = 0.002], and > 6 month intervention [SMD = 0.21, 95% CI (0.45, 0.81), P < 0.01]); intervention forms (single exercise [SMD = 0.21, 95% CI (0.45, 0.81), P < 0.01] and multiple exercise [SMD = 0.86, 95% CI ( 0.39,1.33), P < 0.0001]). Exercise intervention may improve cognitive function in elderly patients with T2DM.

The effectiveness and adverse effects of coenzyme Q10 for heart failure remain unclear owing to small sample sizes and variations in the quality of existing studies in literature. The databases of EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL databases, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, VIP, Wanfang, and CNKI were searched for randomized controlled trials on the coenzyme Q10-assisted treatment of heart failure. Relevant literature was retrieved, data were extracted, and the risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated by two investigators independently using the Review Manager 5.4 software and the STATA 15 software. In total, 33 studies were included in this meta-analysis, which showed that all-cause mortality [RR = 0.64, 95% CI (0.48, 0.85), P = 0.002; GRADE: moderate quality], hospitalization for heart failure [RR = 0.50, 95% CI (0.37, 0.67), P < 0.00001; GRADE: moderate quality], New York Heart Association classification [MD = − 0.29, 95% CI (− 0.39, − 0.19), P < 0.00001; GRADE: low quality], and brain natriuretic peptide level [MD = − 91.97, 95% CI (− 103.11, − 80.83), P < 0.00001; GRADE: low quality] were lower in the coenzyme Q10 group than in the control group. Meanwhile, left ventricular ejection fraction [MD = 0.51, 95% CI (0.31, 0.71), P < 0.00001; GRADE: low quality] and 6-min walk test result [MD = 31.70, 95% CI (19.96, 43.43), P < 0.00001; GRADE: moderate quality] were better than those in the control group. According to the existing evidence, coenzyme Q10 reduces all-cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, New York Heart Association classification, and brain natriuretic peptide level and improves left ventricular ejection fraction and 6-min walk test result in those with heart failure without major adverse effects. This study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero ), with the registration number CRD42023493184.