Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is becoming increasingly popular. The possibilities and guidelines for interventions and methods are very diverse. Currently, published studies mainly concentrate on effects in paediatrics, outpatient therapy and schools. Specific recommendations for AAT in the context of inpatient child and adolescent psychiatry do not exist. This systematic review will attempt to evaluate the existing studies in terms of their methodological quality and specify positive and negative effects, aiming to provide a decision-making aid for everyday clinical practice. A systematic literature search (PubMed/MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, PubPsych, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library) according to the PRISMA criteria resulted in 1,908 identified hits, of which 49 articles were reviewed in full text. Three raters contributed to the review of the articles using a criteria-guided codebook. This systematic review is listed in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022358909). Quality analysis was conducted using Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP). Five studies were identified. The majority of these showed deficits in quality. Therapeutic effects and positive influences on the psychopathological status, interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being or attitudes towards canine-assisted therapy (CAT) could be identified. Current studies indicate positive therapeutic effects of CAT in the inpatient treatment of children and adolescents. A cautiously positive perspective is warranted, but a general recommendation for CAT cannot be given. CAT should be carefully considered, planned, and implemented by professionals. For the future, further randomised controlled studies including follow-up studies, larger subject groups and clinically evaluated interventions are necessary to validate the current results.

Background: The current literature lacks scientific research on child and adolescent psychiatrists’ (CAPPS) perspectives on dental and oral health. This study aims to investigate the opinions and approaches of child and adolescent psychiatrists and their patients regarding oral and dental health. Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among members of the Professional Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy in Germany. Results: Out of the association members, 10.9% (n = 109) participated, with 5.2% (n = 52; 38f/14m) completing the questionnaire. Dental and oral health topics were discussed with one-fifth of the patients (19.2%), while 11.5% reported that they were “never” a part of their therapy. Patient-related concerns about dental and oral health were primarily brought into the context of child and adolescent psychiatric work. Dental treatment anxieties were prominent. Only 3.8% of the participants regularly assigned diagnoses related to dental status. The CAPPS employ a bio-psycho-social model for the genesis of oral health-related conditions in Children and Adolescents with Special Needs. Conclusions: CAPPS have a foundation in relationship-based work for assessing oral and dental healthcare and providing recommendations for further dental care. Regional networking and science must be further developed.

Objective: The concept of “Healing Architecture” addresses the relevance of design and architectural issues on the outcome of medical and therapeutic treatment in hospitals. The questionnaire ARCHI was developed to record data on the opinion of different groups of users on the architectural design of their therapeutic environment in departments of child and adolescent psychiatry. Method: A Questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases between 2020 and 2022 using ARCHI to gather the perspectives of senior physicians and architects on the significance of architectural design in German child and adolescent psychiatric facilities. Results: In the survey of the senior physicians, 49 heads of child and adolescents psychiatric departments initiated the survey, and 73.5% (n = 36) of them completed the questionnaire in its entirety. During the survey for the architect-specific, 145 individuals commenced the survey, and 60.7% of them completed the questionnaire (n = 88). Significant differences between architects and senior physicians became visible for four of the 93 items, namely “environment of the hospital”, “structure of building”, “labelling of floors” and “visible cleanliness”. Conclusions: Although senior physicians and architects were characterized by the same opinions on the relevance of architectural design on therapeutic issues for the major part of issues, differences could be obtained for several aspects which are important for the architectural planning of new departments and hospitals. It remains open why both professional groups had different point of views on these four aspects of hospital design which should be clarified to improve the process of hospital development in the future.

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and its child and youth version provide a holistic view of health problems and describe health status at five different levels. Some levels have measurement methods that can be used to visualise the success of therapy. However, this is questionable for the level of participation. The aim of this review is to determine whether there are any valid measurement methods for assessing participation in health care intervention for children and adolescents according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. A systematic literature review was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. The search query was created according to the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study Design scheme and used in two search runs across five databases (PubMED, Cochrane Database, NeuroBITE, APA PsychNET and PEDro). Publications were included or excluded by three reviewers based on defined criteria. The included publications were evaluated using the AMSTAR-2 tool and the study and measurement characteristics and measurement properties in terms of validity and reliability were presented. This systematic review is listed in PROSPERO. A total of four publications were included, describing 23 measurement methods. With regard to validity, there are indications of adequate content and construct validity, as well as adequate to the questionable criterion and structural validity. Measurement methods for assessing participation in health care interventions according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for children and adolescents exist. There is evidence of validity, but the quality of the studies is low.

Zusammenfassung: Orale Erkrankungen zählen zu den häufigsten Gesundheitsproblemen weltweit und sind stark durch soziale Ungleichheiten beeinflusst. Zahnmedizinische Routine- und Sekundärdaten können wertvolle Einblicke in die Versorgung liefern, um Versorgungslücken und Risikofaktoren zu identifizieren. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Analyse des aktuellen Stands zur wissenschaftlichen Routine- und Sekundärdatennutzung, das Aufzeigen von Forschungslücken und die Entwicklung von Implikationen für das Fachgebiet. Scoping Review gemäß dem Konzept von Arksey und O’Malley und partieller Weiterentwicklung von Levac, Colqhoun & O’Brien. Hierbei wurden mehrere Datenbanken (PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, PubPsych) durchsucht. Insgesamt konnten 5.823 Artikel identifiziert werden, von denen 38 Publikationen die Einschlusskriterien erfüllten. Drei erfahrene Reviewer bewerteten die Studien mithilfe kriteriengeleiteter Codebooks. Der Großteil der Publikationen (n=29; 76,3%) ist international und in den letzten zehn Jahren (n=33; 86,8%) publiziert worden. Die Mehrheit der Veröffentlichungen (n=34; 89,5%) konzentrierte sich auf eine einzige Datenquelle, lediglich vier Publikationen verknüpften verschiedene Datensätze (Data Linkage). Die meisten Publikationen beschäftigten sich mit Kosten-Nutzen-Analysen und wirtschaftlichen Aspekten (n=15; 39,5%). 13 Publikationen nutzten Routine- und Sekundärdaten zur Beschreibung des Inanspruchnahmeverhaltens und spezifischer Risikofaktoren von vulnerablen Gruppen, wovon mit vier Publikationen die meisten auf die Gruppe der Kinder und Jugendliche entfielen. Routine- und Sekundärdatenanalysen in der Zahnmedizin bieten ein großes Potenzial, Versorgungslücken aufzudecken sowie spezifische Bedürfnisse und Risikofaktoren zu identifizieren. Es konnte aufgezeigt werden, dass es eine grobe Dreiteilung in der inhaltlichen Zielsetzung der zahnmedizinischen Routine- und Sekundärdatenanalyse zu geben scheint, welche sich in 1. Klinische Fragestellungen, 2. Wirtschaftlichkeit und 3. Beschreibung bzw. Identifikation von vulnerablen Personengruppen gliedert. Letzteres fokussiert sich auch im internationalen Diskurs auf Menschen mit komorbiden somatischen Erkrankungen, im höheren Lebensalter, mit Behinderungen oder Kinder und Jugendliche. Um die zahnmedizinische Versorgungsforschung zu stärken, müssen zahnmedizinische Routine- und Sekundärdaten in Deutschland besser zugänglich und nutzbar gemacht werden.