This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
The hydrochemistry and quality of local shallow groundwater was assessed within the Xinzhou basin in Shanxi, North China. Piper diagrams, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, chloro-alkaline indices, ion proportion diagrams, and Gibbs diagrams were used to reveal the hydrochemical characteristics and evolution mechanisms of groundwater. Besides, two indicators of sodium adsorption ratio and soluble sodium percentage, USSL and Wilcox diagrams, and water quality index models were used to evaluate the groundwater quality for irrigation and drinking. In general, groundwater in most areas of the basin is fresh water with total dissolved solid lower than 1000 mg/L. But there are salt water in some parts of the southern basin, with total dissolved solid higher than 1000 mg/L, due to industrial and domestic pollution. The hydrochemical facies of groundwater in most areas are HCO3-Ca and mixed HCO3-Ca·Mg·Na types, while it is HCO3·SO4·Cl-Na type in a small part of the basin. Nitrate pollution widely occurred in the basin because of the use of nitrogenous fertilizers. The dominant mechanism controlling the evolution of groundwater chemistry compositions was the weathering of rock minerals. It mainly reflected in the dissolution of carbonate minerals. And the carbonate dissolution is the major origins of HCO3−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in groundwater. However, Na-Ca exchange is the important source of Na+. Shallow groundwater was suitable for irrigation and drinking except for some southern parts of the basin. These results will be helpful for the protection and efficient management of groundwater in the Xinzhou basin.
Guanyin Shuai; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang; Yuntong Guo. Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in the Xinzhou Basin, Shanxi, North China. Water 2021, 13, 1993 .
AMA StyleGuanyin Shuai, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui, Qiulan Zhang, Yuntong Guo. Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in the Xinzhou Basin, Shanxi, North China. Water. 2021; 13 (14):1993.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuanyin Shuai; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang; Yuntong Guo. 2021. "Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in the Xinzhou Basin, Shanxi, North China." Water 13, no. 14: 1993.
Qingtu Lake is located between Tengger Desert and Badain Jilin Desert, Gansu Province, Northwest China. It is the terminal lake of Shiyang River. In recent years, Qingtu lake has maintained a certain area of water surface and vegetation by artificial water conveyance. It is of great significance in preventing the convergence of the two deserts and restraining the trend of ecological deterioration of Shiyang River Basin. The relationship between the water surface area and the ecological water conveyance have not been thoroughly investigated. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of water surface area of Qingtu Lake and surrounding reeds by interpreting remote sensing data; the change of water surface area under the influence of meteorological factors and water conveyance by linear regression; the water conveyance to maintain current water surface area by water balance method, as well as the reasonable ecological water delivery in high flow year, normal flow year and low flow year by the means of analyzing the upstream inflow and water consumption in Minqin Basin. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between the water surface area of Qingtu Lake, evaporation and ecological water conveyance, and the minimum and maximum water surface areas generally appear before and after water delivery, indicating that the ecological water delivery and evaporation are the two main factors affecting the water surface area change of Qingtu Lake. The result calculated by linear regression indicated that the ecological water delivery volume to maintain current water surface area of Qingtu Lake is 3.146 × 107 m3/yr, while the value was 3.136 × 107 m3/yr calculated by water balance method. These two results are similar and can be verified with each other. Reasonable ecological water conveyance of Qingtu Lake in high flow year, normal flow year and low flow years were 4 × 107 m3/yr, 3.2 × 107 m3/yr and 2.3 × 107 m3/yr, respectively.
Yuntong Guo; Jingli Shao; Qiulan Zhang; Yali Cui. Relationship between Water Surface Area of Qingtu Lake and Ecological Water Delivery: A Case Study in Northwest China. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4684 .
AMA StyleYuntong Guo, Jingli Shao, Qiulan Zhang, Yali Cui. Relationship between Water Surface Area of Qingtu Lake and Ecological Water Delivery: A Case Study in Northwest China. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4684.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuntong Guo; Jingli Shao; Qiulan Zhang; Yali Cui. 2021. "Relationship between Water Surface Area of Qingtu Lake and Ecological Water Delivery: A Case Study in Northwest China." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4684.
The inefficient use of single energy and cold accumulation in the shallow geothermal field seriously affect the efficient operation of the ground source heat pump system (GSHPS). The operation of solar-assisted GSHPS can effectively solve the above problems. In this paper, a shallow geothermal utilization project in Nan cha Village, Ping Gu District of Beijing, is chosen as the study area. A three-dimensional numerical model of groundwater flow and heat transfer considering ambient temperature and backfill materials is established, and the level of model integration and validation are novel features of this paper. The thermal response test data in summer and winter conditions are used to validate the model. The results show that increasing hydraulic gradient has a positive impact on the heat exchange. The mixture of sand and barite powder is recognized as a more efficient and economical backfill material. The changes of thermal influence radius, heat balance, and shallow geothermal field are simulated and analyzed by three schemes. It is demonstrated that the thermal influence radius is 5 m, 3.9 m and 3.9 m for Scheme 1, Scheme 2 and Scheme 3, respectively. The ground temperature is always lower than the initial formation temperature in Scheme 1 and Scheme 2; however, under Scheme 3 it is higher than the initial values. The closer the hole wall is, the larger the difference between the initial formation temperature and the ground temperature, and vice versa. The thermal equilibrium of Scheme 1, Scheme 2 and Scheme 3 is −728 × 106 KJ, −269 × 106 KJ and +514 × 106 KJ. Through comprehensive analysis of the above three factors, Scheme 3 is regarded as the most reasonable scheme for a solar system to assist GSHPS.
Yaobin Zhang; Jia Zheng; Aihua Liu; Qiulan Zhang; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui. Numerical Simulation of Shallow Geothermal Field in Operating of a Ground Source Heat Pump System—A Case Study in Nan Cha Village, Ping Gu District, Beijing. Water 2020, 12, 2938 .
AMA StyleYaobin Zhang, Jia Zheng, Aihua Liu, Qiulan Zhang, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui. Numerical Simulation of Shallow Geothermal Field in Operating of a Ground Source Heat Pump System—A Case Study in Nan Cha Village, Ping Gu District, Beijing. Water. 2020; 12 (10):2938.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYaobin Zhang; Jia Zheng; Aihua Liu; Qiulan Zhang; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui. 2020. "Numerical Simulation of Shallow Geothermal Field in Operating of a Ground Source Heat Pump System—A Case Study in Nan Cha Village, Ping Gu District, Beijing." Water 12, no. 10: 2938.
The Chinese government hopes to implement groundwater table control to realize the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources based on controlling the current groundwater exploitation amount. In this study, a method to determine the control index of the groundwater table is proposed. In the method, the reasonable relationship between the groundwater table and groundwater exploitation amount is ensured using the groundwater numerical simulation model. The operability of the index determination is improved using a surrogate numerical model, and the annual hydrological dynamic is simplified to three scenarios of dry, flat, and wet. To verify this method, the Minqin Basin in Northwest China was chosen as a typical study area. It is assumed that the control index of groundwater exploitation in 2020 is 85,000103m3. Then, the preset annual water table index is calculated as [−0.70, 0.62, 1.13, −1.25, 1.36, 3.09] m [−0.77, 0.53, 1.05, −1.33, 1.27, 2.96] m, and [−0.83, 0.46, 0.99, −1.40, 1.20, 2.85] m for the chosen six monitoring wells, varying over the years with wet, flat, and dry scenarios. This method can ensure high precision, operability, and dynamic management when determining the control index of the groundwater table and satisfy the demand of managers.
Xiaowei Wang; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. Application of a Surrogate Model for a Groundwater Numerical Simulation Model for Determination of the Annual Control Index of the Groundwater Table in China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5752 .
AMA StyleXiaowei Wang, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui, Qiulan Zhang. Application of a Surrogate Model for a Groundwater Numerical Simulation Model for Determination of the Annual Control Index of the Groundwater Table in China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5752.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaowei Wang; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. 2020. "Application of a Surrogate Model for a Groundwater Numerical Simulation Model for Determination of the Annual Control Index of the Groundwater Table in China." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5752.
In the karst area of southern China, karst water is important for supporting the sustainable production and home living for the local residents. Consequently, it is of significance to fully understand the water cycle, so as to make full use of water resources. In karst areas, epikarst and conduits are developed, participating in the hydrological cycle actively. For conventional lumped hydrologic models, it is difficult to simulate the hydrological cycle accurately. These models neglect to consider the variation of underlying surface and weather change. Meanwhile, for the original distributed hydrological model, the existence of epikarst and underground conduits as well as inadequate data information also make it difficult to achieve accurate simulation. To this end, the framework combining the advantages of lumped model–reservoir model and distributed hydrologic model–Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is established to simulate the water cycle efficiently in a karst area. Xianghualing karst watershed in southern China was selected as the study area and the improved SWAT model was used to simulate the water cycle. Results show that the indicators of ENS and R2 in the calibration and verification periods are both above 0.8, which is evidently improved in comparison with the original model. The improved SWAT model is verified to have better efficiency in describing the hydrological cycle in a typical karst area.
Yufeng Wang; Jingli Shao; Chuntian Su; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. The Application of Improved SWAT Model to Hydrological Cycle Study in Karst Area of South China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5024 .
AMA StyleYufeng Wang, Jingli Shao, Chuntian Su, Yali Cui, Qiulan Zhang. The Application of Improved SWAT Model to Hydrological Cycle Study in Karst Area of South China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (18):5024.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYufeng Wang; Jingli Shao; Chuntian Su; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. 2019. "The Application of Improved SWAT Model to Hydrological Cycle Study in Karst Area of South China." Sustainability 11, no. 18: 5024.
Geological structure is an important factor to explore the underground geological conditions for hydrogeological purpose. Borehole density has great influence on the accuracy and application of geological model. In this paper, Transition Probability Geostatistical Software (T-PROGS) has been used to simulate the four facies distribution of West Liao River Plain. And a quantitative uncertainty model of entropy method is introduced. For getting a reliable geological model with as few as the boreholes, two parts have been given. One is the vertical lithologic variability analysis, and the other is the model correct rate and uncertainty analysis. In geological modeling, the borehole data is too sparse to characterize the lateral heterogeneity, so the actual profiles are added. At last, many equal probability realizations of the geological model using 350 boreholes are built. Depending on the model calibration, uncertainty analysis and simulated profile comparison, the geological models are reliable. Thus, for the simple and single stratigraphy study area without complex fault structures and graben structures of several thousands to tens of thousands of square kilometer scale, establishing a reliable geological structure model requires one borehole at least within an average area of 120.81 km2. It is of great significance for decision maker to save manpower and material resources. And we present a workflow to build a 3D Markov chain using boreholes and actual profiles and develop a reliable geological model.
Qian Sun; Jingli Shao; Yulong Wang; Tao Ma. Research on appropriate borehole density for establishing reliable geological model based on quantitative uncertainty analysis. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2019, 12, 410 .
AMA StyleQian Sun, Jingli Shao, Yulong Wang, Tao Ma. Research on appropriate borehole density for establishing reliable geological model based on quantitative uncertainty analysis. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2019; 12 (13):410.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQian Sun; Jingli Shao; Yulong Wang; Tao Ma. 2019. "Research on appropriate borehole density for establishing reliable geological model based on quantitative uncertainty analysis." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 12, no. 13: 410.
The characteristics of groundwater systems are highly complex. It will take substantial computational resources and running time to optimize a groundwater numerical simulation model. In this study, in order to realize the coupling of simulation and optimization models, the improved backpropagation (BP) neural network was used as a surrogate model of a groundwater numerical simulation; the improved BP neural network was trained with the groundwater level drawdown–pumping volume data output of the simulation model. The method was applied to the water resource optimal allocation in the near future of Wenshang County, Shandong Provence of China. The results show that the water level drawdown output of the improved BP neural network model fits the results of the simulation model well, showing that the improved BP neural network can effectively be the surrogate of a groundwater numerical simulation to be embedded in an optimization model. The improved simulation and optimization technique can make full use of water resources in the whole area. Under an assurance rate of 50%, both water shortage and water shortage rate reduced to zero in the whole area. Under an assurance rate of 75%, water shortage and water shortage rate reduced to about 10% of the conventional scheme, which dramatically improves the comprehensive benefit of the whole area.
Yufeng Wang; Yali Cui; Jingli Shao; Qiulan Zhang; Wang; Cui; Shao. Study on Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Surrogate Model of Groundwater Numerical Simulation. Water 2019, 11, 831 .
AMA StyleYufeng Wang, Yali Cui, Jingli Shao, Qiulan Zhang, Wang, Cui, Shao. Study on Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Surrogate Model of Groundwater Numerical Simulation. Water. 2019; 11 (4):831.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYufeng Wang; Yali Cui; Jingli Shao; Qiulan Zhang; Wang; Cui; Shao. 2019. "Study on Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Surrogate Model of Groundwater Numerical Simulation." Water 11, no. 4: 831.
Mountainous tunnel drainage can cause various negative impacts on the groundwater environment and human life; as a result, it is necessary that the drainage is quantitatively estimated and minimized during the construction period. In this study, a numerical model was conducted to predict the influences of mountainous tunnel drainage on the groundwater environment in northern China. The results show that the drainage would change the groundwater flow field and form drawdown funnels; however, it would not cause regional groundwater drawdown. Besides, the discharge amount of springs was also affected by the tunnel drainage, and the maximum reducing amount was up to 25%. The storage resources of the aquifers were decreased under the effect of tunnel drainage. All negative influences could be gradually eliminated after the strong drainage. This research can provide effective methods to measure and decrease the impacts of tunnel drainage.
Yong Xiao; Qichen Hao; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. Numerical Simulation for Impacts of Mountainous Tunnel Drainage on Groundwater Environment. Sustainable Development of Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering in China 2019, 219 -226.
AMA StyleYong Xiao, Qichen Hao, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui, Qiulan Zhang. Numerical Simulation for Impacts of Mountainous Tunnel Drainage on Groundwater Environment. Sustainable Development of Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering in China. 2019; ():219-226.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong Xiao; Qichen Hao; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. 2019. "Numerical Simulation for Impacts of Mountainous Tunnel Drainage on Groundwater Environment." Sustainable Development of Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering in China , no. : 219-226.
Groundwater origin, flow and geochemical evolution in the Golmud River watershed of the Qaidam Basin was assessed using hydrogeochemical, isotopic and numerical approaches. The stable isotopic results show groundwater in the basin originates from precipitation and meltwater in the mountainous areas of the Tibetan Plateau. Modern water was found in the alluvial fan and shallow aquifers of the loess plain. Deep confined groundwater was recharged by paleowater during the late Pleistocene and Holocene under a cold climate. Groundwater in the low-lying depression of the central basin is composed of paleobrines migrated from the western part of the basin due to tectonic uplift in the geological past. Groundwater chemistry is controlled by mineral dissolution (halite, gypsum, anhydrite, mirabilite), silicate weathering, cation exchange, evaporation and mineral precipitation (halite, gypsum, anhydrite, aragonite, calcite, dolomite) and varies from fresh to brine with the water types evolving from HCO3 ⋅ Cl-Ca ⋅ Mg ⋅ Na to Cl-Na, Cl-K-Na and Cl-Mg type along the flow path. Groundwater flow patterns are closely related to stratigraphic control and lithological distribution. Three hierarchical groundwater flow systems, namely local, intermediate and regional, were identified using numerical modeling. The quantity of water discharge from these three systems accounts for approximately 83 %, 14 % and 3 %, respectively, of the total groundwater quantity of the watershed. This study can enhance the understanding of groundwater origin, circulation and evolution in the Qaidam Basin as well as other arid endorheic watersheds in northwestern China and elsewhere worldwide.
Yong Xiao; Jingli Shao; Shaun K. Frape; Yali Cui; Xueya Dang; Shengbin Wang; Yonghong Ji. Groundwater origin, flow regime and geochemical evolution in arid endorheic watersheds: a case study from the Qaidam Basin, northwestern China. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 2018, 22, 4381 -4400.
AMA StyleYong Xiao, Jingli Shao, Shaun K. Frape, Yali Cui, Xueya Dang, Shengbin Wang, Yonghong Ji. Groundwater origin, flow regime and geochemical evolution in arid endorheic watersheds: a case study from the Qaidam Basin, northwestern China. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 2018; 22 (8):4381-4400.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong Xiao; Jingli Shao; Shaun K. Frape; Yali Cui; Xueya Dang; Shengbin Wang; Yonghong Ji. 2018. "Groundwater origin, flow regime and geochemical evolution in arid endorheic watersheds: a case study from the Qaidam Basin, northwestern China." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 8: 4381-4400.
Solute transport modeling resolves advection, dispersion, and chemical reactions in groundwater systems with its accuracy depending on the resolution of domain at all scales, thus the computational efficiency of a simulator becomes a bottleneck for the wide application of numerical simulations. However, the traditional serial numerical simulators have reached their limits for the prohibitive computational time and memory requirement in solving large-scale problems. These limitations have greatly hindered the wide application of groundwater solute transport modeling. Thus, the development of an efficient method for handling large-scale groundwater solute transport simulation is urgently required. In this study, we developed and assessed a parallelized MT3DMS (Modular Three-Dimensional Multispecies Transport Model) by using OpenMP (Open specifications for Multi-Processing) to accelerate the solute transport simulation process. The parallelization was achieved by adding OpenMP compile directives (i.e., defining various types of parallel regions) into the most time-consuming packages, including the Advection package (ADV), Dispersion package (DSP), and Generalized Conjugate Gradient Solver package (GCG). This allows parallel processing on shared-memory multiprocessors, i.e., both the memory requirement and computing efforts are automatically distributed among all processors. Moreover, we discussed two different parallelization strategies for handling numerical models with either many layers or few layers. The performance of parallelized MT3DMS was assessed by two benchmark numerical models with different model domain sizes via a workstation with two quad-core processors. Results showed that the running time of parallelized MT3DMS can be 4.15 times faster than that using sequential MT3DMS. The effects of using different preconditioners (procedures that transform a given problem into a form that is more suitable for numerical solving methods) in the GCG package were additionally evaluated. The modified strategy for handling numerical models with few layers also achieved satisfactory results with running time two times faster than that via sequential simulation. Thus, the proposed parallelization allows high-resolution groundwater transport simulation with higher efficiency for large-scale or multimillion-cell simulation problems.
Linxian Huang; Lichun Wang; Jingli Shao; Xingwei Liu; Qichen Hao; Liting Xing; Lizhi Zheng; Yong Xiao. Parallel Processing Transport Model MT3DMS by Using OpenMP. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 1063 .
AMA StyleLinxian Huang, Lichun Wang, Jingli Shao, Xingwei Liu, Qichen Hao, Liting Xing, Lizhi Zheng, Yong Xiao. Parallel Processing Transport Model MT3DMS by Using OpenMP. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (6):1063.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLinxian Huang; Lichun Wang; Jingli Shao; Xingwei Liu; Qichen Hao; Liting Xing; Lizhi Zheng; Yong Xiao. 2018. "Parallel Processing Transport Model MT3DMS by Using OpenMP." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 6: 1063.
An optimization approach is used for the operation of groundwater artificial recharge systems in an alluvial fan in Beijing, China. The optimization model incorporates a transient groundwater flow model, which allows for simulation of the groundwater response to artificial recharge. The facilities’ operation with regard to recharge rates is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem to maximize the volume of surface water recharged into the aquifers under specific constraints. This optimization problem is solved by the parallel genetic algorithm (PGA) based on OpenMP, which could substantially reduce the computation time. To solve the PGA with constraints, the multiplicative penalty method is applied. In addition, the facilities’ locations are implicitly determined on the basis of the results of the recharge-rate optimizations. Two scenarios are optimized and the optimal results indicate that the amount of water recharged into the aquifers will increase without exceeding the upper limits of the groundwater levels. Optimal operation of this artificial recharge system can also contribute to the more effective recovery of the groundwater storage capacity. Une approche d’optimisation est utilisée pour le fonctionnement de systèmes de recharge artificielle d’eaux souterraines dans le delta alluvial à Pékin, Chine. Le modèle d’optimisation intègre un modèle d’écoulement d’eaux souterraines en régime transitoire, qui permet la simulation de la réponse des eaux souterraines à la recharge artificielle. Le fonctionnement des installations en ce qui concerne les taux de recharge est formulé comme un problème de programmation non linéaire afin de maximiser le volume d’eau de surface utilisée pour recharger les aquifères sous des contraintes spécifiques. Ce problème d’optimisation est résolu à l’aide d’un algorithme génétique parallélisé (AGP) basé sur OpenMP, qui permet de réduire de manière significative le temps de calcul. Pour résoudre l’AGP avec des contraintes, la méthode des pénalités multiplicatives est appliquée. De plus, les localisations des installations sont déterminées de manière implicite sur la base des résultats des optimisations du taux de recharge. Deux scénarios sont optimisés et les résultats optimaux indiquent que la quantité d’eau utilisée pour la recharge des aquifères va augmenter sans dépasser les limites supérieures des niveaux piézométriques. Un fonctionnement optimal d’un système de recharge artificielle peut également contribuer à la récupération plus efficace de la capacité de stockage des eaux souterraines. Se utiliza un enfoque de optimización para la operación de sistemas de recarga artificial de agua subterránea en un abanico aluvial en Beijing, China. El modelo de optimización incorpora un modelo de flujo transitorio de agua subterránea, que permite la simulación de la respuesta del agua subterránea a la recarga artificial. La operación de las instalaciones con respecto a las tasas de recarga se formula como un problema de programación no lineal para maximizar el volumen de agua superficial recargada en los acuíferos bajo restricciones específicas. Este problema de optimización se resuelve con el algoritmo genético paralelo (PGA) basado en OpenMP, que podría reducir sustancialmente el tiempo de cálculo. Para resolver el PGA con restricciones, se aplica el método de penalización multiplicativa. Además, las ubicaciones de las instalaciones se determinan implícitamente sobre la base de los resultados de las optimizaciones de la tasa de recarga. Se optimizan dos escenarios y los resultados óptimos indican que la cantidad de agua recargada en los acuíferos aumentará sin exceder los límites superiores de los niveles de agua subterránea. La operación óptima de este sistema de recarga artificial también puede contribuir a la recuperación más efectiva de la capacidad de almacenamiento de agua subterránea. 利用一种智能优化算法开展了地下水人工补给系统的管理研究,该人工补给系统位于中国北京的一个冲洪积扇。优化模型嵌入了一个非稳定地下水流模型,用来模拟地下水对人工补给的响应。对人工补给设施回灌速率的管理概化为一个非线性规划问题,规划目标是最大化人工补给水量,并满足一定限定条件的约束。优化模型由基于OpenMP的并行遗传算法(PGA)求解,这种求解方法可以大幅度的减少计算时间。采用罚函数方法解决遗传算法中的限定条件问题。另外,根据补给量的优化结果,人工回补设施的位置也可以间接的确定。两种方案的优化结果表明,在不违反限高水位约束条件下,人工补给水量会一定程度上增加。同时,地下水人工补给系统的优化管理可以有效促进地下水储量的恢复。 A otimização na operação de sistemas de recarga artificial de águas subterrâneas em um leque aluvial em Pequim, na China, é abordada. O modelo de otimização incorpora um modelo de fluxo subterrâneo transiente, que permite a simulação da resposta das águas subterrâneas à recarga artificial. A operação das instalações, no que diz respeito às taxas de recarga, é formulada como um problema de programação não-linear para maximizar o volume de recarga dos aquíferos por águas superficiais sob restrições específicas. O problema de otimização é resolvido através de Algoritmo Genético Paralelo (AGP) baseado em OpenMP, o qual poderia reduzir substancialmente o custo computacional. Para resolver o AGP com restrições, é aplicado o método da penalidade multiplicativa. Além disso, as localizações das instalações são determinadas implicitamente com base nos resultados de otimização das taxas de recarga. Dois cenários são otimizados e os resultados ótimos indicam que a quantidade de recarga nos aquíferos irá aumentar sem exceder os limites...
Qichen Hao; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang; Linxian Huang. Optimization of groundwater artificial recharge systems using a genetic algorithm: a case study in Beijing, China. Hydrogeology Journal 2018, 26, 1749 -1761.
AMA StyleQichen Hao, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui, Qiulan Zhang, Linxian Huang. Optimization of groundwater artificial recharge systems using a genetic algorithm: a case study in Beijing, China. Hydrogeology Journal. 2018; 26 (5):1749-1761.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQichen Hao; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang; Linxian Huang. 2018. "Optimization of groundwater artificial recharge systems using a genetic algorithm: a case study in Beijing, China." Hydrogeology Journal 26, no. 5: 1749-1761.
Correction of digital elevation models (DEMs) for flat areas is a critical process for hydrological analyses and modeling, such as the determination of flow directions and accumulations, and the delineation of drainage networks and sub-basins. In this study, a new algorithm is proposed for flat correction/removal. It uses the puddle delineation (PD) program to identify depressions (including their centers and overflow/spilling thresholds), compute topographic characteristics, and further fill the depressions. Three different levels of elevation increments are used for flat correction. The first and second level of increments create flows toward the thresholds and centers of the filled depressions or flats, while the third level of small random increments is introduced to cope with multiple threshold conditions. A set of artificial surfaces and two real-world landscapes were selected to test the new algorithm. The results showed that the proposed method was not limited by the shapes, the number of thresholds, and the surrounding topographic conditions of flat areas. Compared with the traditional methods, the new algorithm simplified the flat correction procedure and reduced the final elevation increments by 5.71–33.33%. This can be used to effectively remove/correct topographic flats and create flat-free DEMs.
Xingwei Liu; Ning Wang; Jingli Shao; Xuefeng Chu. An Automated Processing Algorithm for Flat Areas Resulting from DEM Filling and Interpolation. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2017, 6, 376 .
AMA StyleXingwei Liu, Ning Wang, Jingli Shao, Xuefeng Chu. An Automated Processing Algorithm for Flat Areas Resulting from DEM Filling and Interpolation. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2017; 6 (11):376.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXingwei Liu; Ning Wang; Jingli Shao; Xuefeng Chu. 2017. "An Automated Processing Algorithm for Flat Areas Resulting from DEM Filling and Interpolation." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 6, no. 11: 376.
The usage of reclaimed water can efficiently mitigate water crises, but it may cause groundwater pollution. To clearly understand the potential influences of long-term reclaimed water usage, a total of 91 samples of shallow and deep groundwater were collected from a typical reclaimed water use area during the dry and rainy seasons. The results suggest both shallow and deep groundwater are mainly naturally alkaline freshwater, which are composed mainly of Ca-HCO3, followed by mixed types such as Ca-Na-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-HCO3. A seasonal desalination trend was observed in both shallow and deep aquifers due to dilution effects in the rainy season. Groundwater chemical compositions in both shallow and deep aquifers are still dominantly controlled by natural processes such as silicate weathering, minerals dissolution and cation exchange. Human activities are also the factors influencing groundwater chemistry. Urbanization has been found responsible for the deterioration of groundwater quality, especially in shallow aquifers, because of the relative thin aquitard. Reclaimed water usage for agricultural irrigation and landscape purposes has nearly no influences on groundwater quality in rural areas due to thick aquitards. Therefore, reclaimed water usage should be encouraged in arid and semiarid areas with proper hydrogeological condition.
Yong Xiao; Xiaomin Gu; Shiyang Yin; Xingyao Pan; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui. Investigation of Geochemical Characteristics and Controlling Processes of Groundwater in a Typical Long-Term Reclaimed Water Use Area. Water 2017, 9, 800 .
AMA StyleYong Xiao, Xiaomin Gu, Shiyang Yin, Xingyao Pan, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui. Investigation of Geochemical Characteristics and Controlling Processes of Groundwater in a Typical Long-Term Reclaimed Water Use Area. Water. 2017; 9 (10):800.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong Xiao; Xiaomin Gu; Shiyang Yin; Xingyao Pan; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui. 2017. "Investigation of Geochemical Characteristics and Controlling Processes of Groundwater in a Typical Long-Term Reclaimed Water Use Area." Water 9, no. 10: 800.
In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater were analyzed to get insight into the factors affecting groundwater quality in a typical agricultural dominated area of the North China Plain. Forty-four shallow groundwater samples were collected for chemical analysis. The water type changes from Ca·Na-HCO3 type in grass land to Ca·Na-Cl (+NO3) type and Na (Ca)-Cl (+NO3+SO4) type in construction and facility agricultural land, indicating the influence of human activities. The factor analysis and geostatistical analysis revealed that the two major factors contributing to the groundwater hydrochemical compositions were the water-rock interaction and contamination from sewage discharge and agricultural fertilizers. The major ions (F, HCO3) and trace element (As) in the shallow groundwater represented the natural origin, while the nitrate and sulfate concentrations were related to the application of fertilizer and sewage discharge in the facility agricultural area, which was mainly affected by the human activities. The values of pH, total dissolved solids, electric conductivity, and conventional component (K, Ca, Na, Mg, Cl) in shallow groundwater increased from grass land and cultivated land, to construction land and to facility agriculture which were originated from the combination sources of natural processes (e.g., water-rock interaction) and human activities (e.g., domestic effluents). The study indicated that both natural processes and human activities had influences on the groundwater hydrochemical compositions in shallow groundwater, while anthropogenic processes had more contribution, especially in the reclaimed water irrigation area.
Xiaomin Gu; Gu Xiaomin; Shiyang Yin; Xingyao Pan; Yong Niu; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang; Qichen Hao. Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the shallow groundwater quality in a typical irrigation area with reclaimed water, North China Plain. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2017, 189, 514 -514.
AMA StyleXiaomin Gu, Gu Xiaomin, Shiyang Yin, Xingyao Pan, Yong Niu, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui, Qiulan Zhang, Qichen Hao. Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the shallow groundwater quality in a typical irrigation area with reclaimed water, North China Plain. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2017; 189 (10):514-514.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaomin Gu; Gu Xiaomin; Shiyang Yin; Xingyao Pan; Yong Niu; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang; Qichen Hao. 2017. "Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the shallow groundwater quality in a typical irrigation area with reclaimed water, North China Plain." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 189, no. 10: 514-514.
To reduce the gap between groundwater demand and supply caused by agricultural groundwater over-exploitation, the Prepaid Smart Meter System (PSMS) is being strongly implemented by the Chinese government in northern China. This study reports the analysis and results of PSMS field surveys in six typical provinces in northern China as well as domestic literature reviews. Based on the architecture and implementation policies of the system, the implementation differences between areas and the influencing factors were analyzed, particularly the acknowledgment of farmers, the installation proportion of tube wells, the social benefits. Great achievements have been gained in the implementation, and the management targets have been achieved, including accurately metering overall irrigation groundwater production, assisting in the total amount control and quota management, reducing groundwater exploitation, and improving water use efficiency. However, shortcomings remain in the implementation process, such as single initial investment channels, imperfect policy system construction, a lack of retrieving and analyzing data, and the unbalanced development between areas. Countermeasures and suggestions for these problems are discussed in this article.
Xiaowei Wang; Jingli Shao; Frank Van Steenbergen; Qiulan Zhang. Implementing the Prepaid Smart Meter System for Irrigated Groundwater Production in Northern China: Status and Problems. Water 2017, 9, 379 .
AMA StyleXiaowei Wang, Jingli Shao, Frank Van Steenbergen, Qiulan Zhang. Implementing the Prepaid Smart Meter System for Irrigated Groundwater Production in Northern China: Status and Problems. Water. 2017; 9 (6):379.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaowei Wang; Jingli Shao; Frank Van Steenbergen; Qiulan Zhang. 2017. "Implementing the Prepaid Smart Meter System for Irrigated Groundwater Production in Northern China: Status and Problems." Water 9, no. 6: 379.
According to the hydrogeological conditions of the West Liaohe Plain, we analyzed the effects of major parameters and selected the Markov chain model reasonably with transition probability-based geostatistics; with sequential indicator simulation in the conditional simulation and effective combination of geological knowledge with borehole data, we established a reasonable hydrogeological structure model. Besides, we carried out vacuating inspection and optimization on this model to select the optimized one which conforms to the actual geological conditions. The model can well display the distribution trend of various lithologies, and the simulation structure is consistent with the actual geological conditions. Finally, we carried out a brief analysis on the major parameters and uncertainty of the model.
Qian Sun; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. 3D Hydrogeological Structure Modeling Based on TPROGS—A Case Study from the West Liaohe Plain. DEStech Transactions on Materials Science and Engineering 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleQian Sun, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui, Qiulan Zhang. 3D Hydrogeological Structure Modeling Based on TPROGS—A Case Study from the West Liaohe Plain. DEStech Transactions on Materials Science and Engineering. 2017; (icmea):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQian Sun; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Qiulan Zhang. 2017. "3D Hydrogeological Structure Modeling Based on TPROGS—A Case Study from the West Liaohe Plain." DEStech Transactions on Materials Science and Engineering , no. icmea: 1.
In this study, the mode of groundwater level fluctuations is analyzed by statistical approaches for 51 monitoring wells located in a semi-arid basin in Beijing from 1998 to 2013. Firstly, a geostatistical method was performed to characterize the spatial and temporal behaviors of data sets and analyze the responding mechanism of groundwater level to hydrologic features using the Geostatistics Module of ArcGIS software. Secondly, multiple statistical methods were applied to classify groundwater hydrographs with similar fluctuation patterns. The results show that the spatial distribution of groundwater level is affected by natural factors (rainfall and temperature) as well as human activities. Combined with the method of principal component analysis, the hydrologic features of groundwater level can be classified into three groups and the dynamic characteristics of each group under different hydrogeology conditions are also different. Furthermore, a cross-correlation analysis was applied to investigate the groundwater level response to natural processes and human activities. This study provides a series of effective methods for evaluating the long-term series fluctuation features of groundwater level and its response to hydrological factors, as well as the scientific basis for the reasonable configuration and utilization of groundwater resources in arid and semi-arid regions.
Xiaomin Gu; Yong Xiao; Shiyang Yin; Jingli Shao; Xingyao Pan; Yong Niu; Junxiong Huang. Groundwater level response to hydrogeological factors in a semi-arid basin of Beijing, China. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 2017, 66, 266 -278.
AMA StyleXiaomin Gu, Yong Xiao, Shiyang Yin, Jingli Shao, Xingyao Pan, Yong Niu, Junxiong Huang. Groundwater level response to hydrogeological factors in a semi-arid basin of Beijing, China. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua. 2017; 66 (4):266-278.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaomin Gu; Yong Xiao; Shiyang Yin; Jingli Shao; Xingyao Pan; Yong Niu; Junxiong Huang. 2017. "Groundwater level response to hydrogeological factors in a semi-arid basin of Beijing, China." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 66, no. 4: 266-278.
Although wastewater reuse in agriculture can ease water scarcity, this practice also alters the variation of groundwater recharge and groundwater levels. This study employed a geostatistical method to systematically investigate the spatio-temporal variations and storage fluctuations of groundwater in a wastewater irrigation area in a southeastern suburb of Beijing. Specifically, we generated an optimal geostatistical model for measuring groundwater levels. Furthermore, we proposed that universal kriging is a suitable method for examining groundwater spatial variations, whereas a raster-based model can provide high accuracy for studying groundwater fluctuations; the nugget effect value of groundwater levels increases with increasing exploitation intensity. Our results indicated that groundwater levels increased overall in the early stages of wastewater irrigation development, followed by local increases in some pockets in the middle stages of development, large-scale increases in the late stages and an increasing variation of magnitude over time. The results also showed that groundwater level declined less on farmlands than that in urban areas, suggesting that wastewater irrigation facilitates groundwater conservation by reducing groundwater exploitation and enhancing groundwater recharge. Our results are conducive to developing an effective groundwater management plan and for improving the accuracy of groundwater resource assessments.
Shiyang Yin; Xiaomin Gu; Yong Xiao; Wenyong Wu; Xingyao Pan; Jingli Shao; Qiulan Zhang. Geostatistics-based spatial variation characteristics of groundwater levels in a wastewater irrigation area, northern China. Water Supply 2017, 17, 1479 -1489.
AMA StyleShiyang Yin, Xiaomin Gu, Yong Xiao, Wenyong Wu, Xingyao Pan, Jingli Shao, Qiulan Zhang. Geostatistics-based spatial variation characteristics of groundwater levels in a wastewater irrigation area, northern China. Water Supply. 2017; 17 (5):1479-1489.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShiyang Yin; Xiaomin Gu; Yong Xiao; Wenyong Wu; Xingyao Pan; Jingli Shao; Qiulan Zhang. 2017. "Geostatistics-based spatial variation characteristics of groundwater levels in a wastewater irrigation area, northern China." Water Supply 17, no. 5: 1479-1489.
In this study, analysis of hydrogeological conditions, as well as hydrochemistry and isotopic tools were used to get an insight into the processes controlling mineralization, recharge conditions, and flow pattern of groundwater in a typical arid alluvial-lacustrine plain in Qaidam Basin, northwest China. Analysis of the dissolved constituents reveals that groundwater evolves from fresh water (TDS =300–1000 mg/l) to saline water (TDS ≥5000 mg/l) along the flow paths, with the water type transiting from HCO 3⋅Cl–Na ⋅Mg to HCO 3⋅Cl–Na, and eventually to Cl–Na. Groundwater chemical evolution is mainly controlled by water–rock interaction and the evaporation–crystallization process. Deuterium and oxygen-18 isotopes in groundwater samples indicate that the recharge of groundwater is happened by meteoric water and glacier melt-water in the Kunlun Mountains, and in three different recharge conditions. Groundwater ages, estimated by the radiogenic (3H and 14C) isotope data, range from present to Holocene (∼28 ka). Based on groundwater residence time, hydrogeochemical characteristics, field investigation, and geological structure distribution, a conceptual groundwater flow pattern affected by uplift structure is proposed, indicating that shallow phreatic water is blocked by the uplift structure and the flow direction is turned to the northwest, while high pressure artesian water is formed in the confined aquifers at the axis of the uplift structure.
Yong Xiao; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Ge Zhang; Qiulan Zhang. Groundwater circulation and hydrogeochemical evolution in Nomhon of Qaidam Basin, northwest China. Journal of Earth System Science 2017, 126, 26 .
AMA StyleYong Xiao, Jingli Shao, Yali Cui, Ge Zhang, Qiulan Zhang. Groundwater circulation and hydrogeochemical evolution in Nomhon of Qaidam Basin, northwest China. Journal of Earth System Science. 2017; 126 (2):26.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong Xiao; Jingli Shao; Yali Cui; Ge Zhang; Qiulan Zhang. 2017. "Groundwater circulation and hydrogeochemical evolution in Nomhon of Qaidam Basin, northwest China." Journal of Earth System Science 126, no. 2: 26.
In this work, the hydrogeochemistry and environmental isotopic compositions of thermal and mineral springs in Arxan, northeastern China, were used to assess the genesis of the thermal system hosted by deep-seated faults. The reservoir temperature was calculated using the mineral saturation index and geothermometers. According to isotopic analysis, the spring water was of meteoric origin. Sixteen springs in the Arxan geothermal system with outlet temperatures ranging from 10.9 to 41.0 °C were investigated. The water samples can be classified into four groups by using a Piper diagram. The aquifer in which the Group I and Group III samples were obtained was a shallow cold aquifer of the Jurassic system, which is related to the local groundwater system and contains HCO3–Ca·Na groundwater. The Group II and Group IV samples were recharged by deeply circulating meteoric water with HCO3–Na and HCO3·SO4–Na·Ca groundwater, respectively. The springs rise from the deep basement faults. The estimated thermal reservoir temperature is 50.9–68.8 °C, and the proportion of shallow cold water ranges from 54% to 87%. A conceptual flow model based on hydrogeochemical results and hydrogeological features is given to describe the geothermal system of the Arxan springs.
Xiaomin Gu; Qiulan Zhang; Yali Cui; Jingli Shao; Yong Xiao; Peng Zhang; Jinxing Liu. Hydrogeochemistry and Genesis Analysis of Thermal and Mineral Springs in Arxan, Northeastern China. Water 2017, 9, 61 .
AMA StyleXiaomin Gu, Qiulan Zhang, Yali Cui, Jingli Shao, Yong Xiao, Peng Zhang, Jinxing Liu. Hydrogeochemistry and Genesis Analysis of Thermal and Mineral Springs in Arxan, Northeastern China. Water. 2017; 9 (1):61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaomin Gu; Qiulan Zhang; Yali Cui; Jingli Shao; Yong Xiao; Peng Zhang; Jinxing Liu. 2017. "Hydrogeochemistry and Genesis Analysis of Thermal and Mineral Springs in Arxan, Northeastern China." Water 9, no. 1: 61.