The eco-environment is dynamic and shows a continuous process of long-term change. It is helpful for policymakers to know the status of the regional eco-environment through accurate evaluations of the history and current situation of the regional eco-environment. The remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) model of China was established in this study by using four indexes: wetness, greenness, dryness, and heat. Knowledge granulation of the RSEIs were carried out, and a method to determine the weights of the knowledge granulation entropy of the indexes based on their characteristics was proposed. This study used Moderate Resolution Image Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data from the Google Cloud Computing Platform to study and calculate the eco-environmental quality of China from 2000–2017. The overall eco-environmental quality in China tended to improve from 2000–2017, although there were large areas of ecological degradation from 2009–2014. The eco-environment of eastern China was better than that of western China. Most of the national ecological areas were third-level ecological areas, which had moderate environmental quality. Dryness was the most important factor affecting the quality of the eco-environment, followed by greenness, which reflected the increasing environmental damage caused by human activities in China in recent years.

This paper proposes a spatial data attribute similarity measure method based on granular computing closeness. This method uses the distance and membership degree of different index levels of spatial entities to measure the similarity of attributes. It not only reflects the degree of similarity of spatial entity types at different index levels but also reflects the integration similarity between spatial entity types under a comprehensive index. This method embodies the layered idea of granular computing and can provide a basis for spatial problem decision making and for spatial entity classification. Finally, the feasibility and applicability of the method are verified by taking the similarity measure of the land-use type attribute in Guangxi as an example.

Land-use conflicts are inherent challenges in regional development and have social, economic, and ecological impacts. To mitigate these conflicts, multi-scenario simulations can help identify the most effective scenario with minimal land-use conflicts. However, previous studies often neglected the influence of regional policies on these optimal scenarios. This paper addresses this gap by developing a framework to explore strategies for reducing land-use conflicts using Hechi city in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, as a case study. In this study, the conflict risk is assessed based on the landscape pattern index, and the ecological benefit is assessed based on the ecosystem service value, and the ‘conflict risk–ecological benefit’ assessment method is constructed, focusing on the land-use conflicts in areas where the conflict risk increases and the ecological benefit decreases, and evaluating whether there is a best solution to alleviate these conflicts. The findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020, the area experiencing land-use conflicts in Hechi city increased. The geographic focus of these conflicts has shifted, first moving to the southeast, then to the northwest, and finally returning to the southeast. The overall center of conflict has moved toward the developed areas in the southeast. Among the three future development scenarios (economic lead, ecological priority, and historical signs), the ecological priority scenario, which includes the green development pilot area policy, offers the most significant reduction in land-use conflicts. Under this scenario, the proportion of conflict areas relative to the total area is the smallest at 5.39% in 2025 and 7.92% in 2030. Additionally, the percentage of high-level conflict areas decreases notably from 2.17% in 2025 to 1.12% in 2030. Consequently, this scenario with an ecological priority emerges as the most favorable for Hechi city’s future development. The framework of alleviating land-use conflicts proposed in this study can be used for reference by other ecological resources areas experiencing rapid urbanization.