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Thomas Spiegelberger
Cemagref, centre de Grenoble, UR EMGR, Écosystèmes montagnards, 2 rue de la Papeterie, BP 76, 38402 Saint-Martin-d’HèresEcole Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire des systèmes écologiques (ECOS) et Institut fédéral suisse pour la recherche sur la forêt, la neige et le paysage (WSL), Groupe de recherche Écologie de la restauration, Site Lausanne, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Suisse

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Journal article
Published: 05 October 2019 in VertigO
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Des engagements nationaux, européens et internationaux ont été pris pour maintenir et restaurer la connectivité entre habitats naturels face à la perte et à la fragmentation de ces habitats. Dans le même temps, les politiques environnementales dans différents pays mettent en œuvre la séquence Eviter-Réduire-Compenser (ERC) pour atteindre l'objectif d'absence de perte nette de biodiversité (PPN). La séquence ERC a pour principe d'évaluer l'ensemble des impacts écologiques d'un aménagement, mais les critères et indicateurs permettant de quantifier les impacts sur la connectivité paysagère ne sont pas satisfaisants. Nous proposons une démarche opérationnelle pour évaluer les impacts environnementaux d'un aménagement sur la connectivité des habitats à l'échelle du paysage. Cette démarche est basée sur la théorie des graphes et l'indice EC de « quantité d'habitat atteignable » pour les espèces, qui tient compte de la quantité d'habitat, de la configuration spatiale des taches d'habitats et des capacités de dispersion des espèces. Les trois principaux enjeux de la séquence ERC sont redéfinis au regard de cette démarche. Celle-ci est ensuite appliquée à un réseau d'habitat virtuel où plusieurs scénarios d'évitement, de réduction et de compensation des impacts sont testés et comparés. Nous discutons des atouts et des limites de cette approche pour la séquence ERC et fournissons des recommandations d'application. En conclusion, nous préconisons et justifions une meilleure intégration des trois grandes politiques de conservation de la biodiversité en France : la Loi pour la Reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages, le SRADDET et la Stratégie de création des aires protégées.

ACS Style

Laurent Bergès; Catherine Avon; Lucie Bezombes; Céline Clauzel; Rémi Duflot; Jean-Christophe Foltête; Stéphanie Gaucherand; Xavier Girardet; Thomas Spiegelberger. Intégrer la connectivité paysagère dans la séquence ERC : une approche par la quantité d'habitat atteignable. VertigO 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Laurent Bergès, Catherine Avon, Lucie Bezombes, Céline Clauzel, Rémi Duflot, Jean-Christophe Foltête, Stéphanie Gaucherand, Xavier Girardet, Thomas Spiegelberger. Intégrer la connectivité paysagère dans la séquence ERC : une approche par la quantité d'habitat atteignable. VertigO. 2019; (volume 19):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laurent Bergès; Catherine Avon; Lucie Bezombes; Céline Clauzel; Rémi Duflot; Jean-Christophe Foltête; Stéphanie Gaucherand; Xavier Girardet; Thomas Spiegelberger. 2019. "Intégrer la connectivité paysagère dans la séquence ERC : une approche par la quantité d'habitat atteignable." VertigO , no. volume 19: 1.

Short communication
Published: 11 January 2019 in Biological Conservation
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Biodiversity offsetting is a policy approach that compensates for the ecological losses from development projects affecting biodiversity with equivalent gains through offsets, aiming at “No Net Loss” (NNL). Although offsets seem appealing in theory, several concerns have been raised about the difficulties reaching NNL in practice. While most of the discussion about offsets improvement is based on principles and strategies, we evaluated empirical evidence of offsets implemented, both from the procedure files (protected species and wetlands) and field surveys. Our objective was to evaluate whether offsets achieve NNL based on 91 procedure files in the Isère department in France. We identified that necessary data for assessing offsets gains, such as the location and offset sites' initial state, were not available in part (location) or all (initial state) procedure files investigated. We evaluated 59 offsets implemented for 22 development projects and where minimum data for monitoring offsets were available; we surveyed the presence or absence of target species and habitat from the offset site. The type of offsets (restoration, creation or maintenance of target habitat) was one of the characteristics that helped to explain both species and habitat absence, implying offset failure. Based on our analysis, we suggest three principal angles for progressing in NNL achievement: (i) collecting and publishing a set of essential information on offsets, (ii) requiring a management plan for each offset, and (iii) accumulating empirical evidence of offsets failure and success.

ACS Style

Lucie Bezombes; Christian Kerbiriou; Thomas Spiegelberger. Do biodiversity offsets achieve No Net Loss? An evaluation of offsets in a French department. Biological Conservation 2019, 231, 24 -29.

AMA Style

Lucie Bezombes, Christian Kerbiriou, Thomas Spiegelberger. Do biodiversity offsets achieve No Net Loss? An evaluation of offsets in a French department. Biological Conservation. 2019; 231 ():24-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lucie Bezombes; Christian Kerbiriou; Thomas Spiegelberger. 2019. "Do biodiversity offsets achieve No Net Loss? An evaluation of offsets in a French department." Biological Conservation 231, no. : 24-29.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2018 in Revue de géographie alpine
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L’étude de socio-écosystèmes, de leur vulnérabilité, résilience et de leurs trajectoires passe souvent par la nécessité de collaborations entre sciences humaines et sociales et sciences naturelles. Cet article propose de tester cette notion de « socio-écosystème » et une méthodologie autour de la « frise chrono-systémique » comme outils intermédiaires de connaissances interdisciplinaires. Il rend compte d’une expérience interdisciplinaire, son contexte de recherche ainsi que son cadre conceptuel et méthodologique, à partir d’un territoire d’exemple, les Quatre Montagnes dans le Vercors. Il propose un protocole applicable pour le suivi des trajectoires de vulnérabilité d’un territoire et de ses ressources environnementales dans une optique interdisciplinaire. La démarche se compose de quatre étapes : i) une étape exploratoire socio-historique et écologique ii) la détermination des dimensions à observer et de leurs indicateurs, iii) la construction de la frise, et iv) l’analyse de la trajectoire de vulnérabilité du territoire. L’article montre les potentiels, les difficultés méthodologiques et les points de vigilance de cette analyse interdisciplinaire des trajectoires d’un territoire.

ACS Style

Thomas Spiegelberger; Agnès Bergeret; Émilie Crouzat; Leita Tschanz; Delphine Piazza-Morel; Jean-Jacques Brun; Dominique Baud; Sandra Lavorel. Construction interdisciplinaire d’une trajectoire socio-écologique de vulnérabilité à l’exemple du territoire des Quatre Montagnes (Isère, France) de 1950 à 2016. Revue de géographie alpine 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Thomas Spiegelberger, Agnès Bergeret, Émilie Crouzat, Leita Tschanz, Delphine Piazza-Morel, Jean-Jacques Brun, Dominique Baud, Sandra Lavorel. Construction interdisciplinaire d’une trajectoire socio-écologique de vulnérabilité à l’exemple du territoire des Quatre Montagnes (Isère, France) de 1950 à 2016. Revue de géographie alpine. 2018; (106-3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas Spiegelberger; Agnès Bergeret; Émilie Crouzat; Leita Tschanz; Delphine Piazza-Morel; Jean-Jacques Brun; Dominique Baud; Sandra Lavorel. 2018. "Construction interdisciplinaire d’une trajectoire socio-écologique de vulnérabilité à l’exemple du territoire des Quatre Montagnes (Isère, France) de 1950 à 2016." Revue de géographie alpine , no. 106-3: 1.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2018 in Revue de géographie alpine
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The study of socio-ecosystems, their vulnerability, resilience and trajectories often requires collaboration between the human and social sciences, and the natural sciences. This article proposes to test this notion of socio-ecosystem and a methodology around the chronosystemic timeline as intermediate tools of interdisciplinary knowledge. It reports on an interdisciplinary experience, its research context, as well as its conceptual and methodological framework, illustrated with the example of the Quatre Montagnes in the Vercors Mountains (French Alps). It proposes a protocol that can be applied to monitoring the vulnerability trajectories of an association of municipalities and its environmental resources in an interdisciplinary perspective. The process consists of four stages: i) a sociohistorical and ecological exploratory step, ii) the determination of the dimensions to be observed and their indicators, iii) the construction of the timeline, and iv) the analysis of the vulnerability trajectory of a landscape including its actors. This article presents the potential, the methodological difficulties, and the critical issues of this interdisciplinary analysis.

ACS Style

Thomas Spiegelberger; Agnès Bergeret; Émilie Crouzat; Leita Tschanz; Delphine Piazza-Morel; Jean-Jacques Brun; Dominique Baud; Sandra Lavorel. Interdisciplinary Construction of a Socio-ecological Vulnerability Trajectory Based on the Quatre Montagnes (Isère, France) Area from 1950 to 2016. Revue de géographie alpine 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Thomas Spiegelberger, Agnès Bergeret, Émilie Crouzat, Leita Tschanz, Delphine Piazza-Morel, Jean-Jacques Brun, Dominique Baud, Sandra Lavorel. Interdisciplinary Construction of a Socio-ecological Vulnerability Trajectory Based on the Quatre Montagnes (Isère, France) Area from 1950 to 2016. Revue de géographie alpine. 2018; (106-3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas Spiegelberger; Agnès Bergeret; Émilie Crouzat; Leita Tschanz; Delphine Piazza-Morel; Jean-Jacques Brun; Dominique Baud; Sandra Lavorel. 2018. "Interdisciplinary Construction of a Socio-ecological Vulnerability Trajectory Based on the Quatre Montagnes (Isère, France) Area from 1950 to 2016." Revue de géographie alpine , no. 106-3: 1.

Original article
Published: 31 October 2018 in Alpine Botany
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The highly invasive knotweeds (Reynoutria spp.) are still infrequent in mountain regions. Despite their current low abundance, they may represent a significant threat for high elevation ecosystems if their population dynamics remain as aggressive as in lowlands during their range expansion to higher elevation. The aim of this study is to assess the knotweed’s invasion potential in mountainous regions by studying patch dynamics along an elevational gradient (between 787 and 1666 m a.s.l.) and by reviewing existing literature on their presence and performance in mountains. The outlines of 48 knotweed patches located in the French Alps were measured in 2008 and in 2015 along with biotic, abiotic and management variables. Based on these variables, knotweed’s cover changes and patch density were predicted using mixed models. Results showed that elevation has no effect on knotweeds dynamics along the studied elevational gradient. It appeared that the local expansion of knotweed patches is essentially controlled by the patches’ initial size and the distance to roads and rivers, i.e. to obstacles and sources of disturbance. Shade and patches’ size also impact knotweed patch density, probably through an effect on the species’ clonal reproduction and foraging strategies. Interestingly, patches seemed insensitive to the gradient of mowing frequency sampled in this study (between zero and five times per year). All evidences indicate that the knotweed complex is able to colonize and thrive in mountains areas. However, due to the particularities of its spatial dynamics, adequate and timely actions could easily be undertaken to prevent further invasion and associated impacts and reduce management costs.

ACS Style

François-Marie Martin; Fanny Dommanget; Philippe Janssen; Thomas Spiegelberger; Clément Viguier; André Evette. Could knotweeds invade mountains in their introduced range? An analysis of patches dynamics along an elevational gradient. Alpine Botany 2018, 129, 33 -42.

AMA Style

François-Marie Martin, Fanny Dommanget, Philippe Janssen, Thomas Spiegelberger, Clément Viguier, André Evette. Could knotweeds invade mountains in their introduced range? An analysis of patches dynamics along an elevational gradient. Alpine Botany. 2018; 129 (1):33-42.

Chicago/Turabian Style

François-Marie Martin; Fanny Dommanget; Philippe Janssen; Thomas Spiegelberger; Clément Viguier; André Evette. 2018. "Could knotweeds invade mountains in their introduced range? An analysis of patches dynamics along an elevational gradient." Alpine Botany 129, no. 1: 33-42.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in Ecological Indicators
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In response to biodiversity erosion caused by human activities, biodiversity offsets are widely used to compensate for negative impacts with an objective of “No Net Loss” (NNL). One major challenge is to measure the biodiversity that will be impacted and compensated for. In most European countries and in France particularly, there are no recommended and available standardized indicators to measure biodiversity for offsets. This leads to heterogeneous practices with no guarantee of achieving NNL. In response to this fact we suggest a set of organized indicators to measure terrestrial biodiversity, which can be used in European and French offset programs to conciliate scientific knowledge, offset policies requirements and operational constraints that stakeholders have. To do this, we proceeded in four steps: (1) agreeing on a scientific definition of biodiversity; (2) Identifying the components of biodiversity targeted by the offset policy (3) developing a framework in which the relevant indicators will be organized and (4) prospecting for and selecting a set of indicators based on data collected on eight sites in France. We argue that the set of indicators address the legal requirements as well as the good practices recommended by the scientific sphere, while remaining operational for the stakeholders using it for their projects. It can also easily be adapted to other contexts where offset policy and ecosystems are different. Finally, we identify perspectives for losses and gains calculation, which is the next step to evaluate ecological equivalence between impacts and offsets.

ACS Style

Lucie Bezombes; Stéphanie Gaucherand; Thomas Spiegelberger; Véronique Gouraud; Christian Kerbiriou. A set of organized indicators to conciliate scientific knowledge, offset policies requirements and operational constraints in the context of biodiversity offsets. Ecological Indicators 2018, 93, 1244 -1252.

AMA Style

Lucie Bezombes, Stéphanie Gaucherand, Thomas Spiegelberger, Véronique Gouraud, Christian Kerbiriou. A set of organized indicators to conciliate scientific knowledge, offset policies requirements and operational constraints in the context of biodiversity offsets. Ecological Indicators. 2018; 93 ():1244-1252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lucie Bezombes; Stéphanie Gaucherand; Thomas Spiegelberger; Véronique Gouraud; Christian Kerbiriou. 2018. "A set of organized indicators to conciliate scientific knowledge, offset policies requirements and operational constraints in the context of biodiversity offsets." Ecological Indicators 93, no. : 1244-1252.

Journal article
Published: 22 February 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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Through litter decomposition enormous amounts of carbon is emitted to the atmosphere. Numerous large-scale decomposition experiments have been conducted focusing on this fundamental soil process in order to understand the controls on the terrestrial carbon transfer to the atmosphere. However, previous studies were mostly based on site-specific litter and methodologies, adding major uncertainty to syntheses, comparisons and meta-analyses across different experiments and sites. In the TeaComposition initiative, the potential litter decomposition is investigated by using standardized substrates (Rooibos and Green tea) for comparison of litter mass loss at 336 sites (ranging from −9 to +26 °C MAT and from 60 to 3113 mm MAP) across different ecosystems. In this study we tested the effect of climate (temperature and moisture), litter type and land-use on early stage decomposition (3 months) across nine biomes. We show that litter quality was the predominant controlling factor in early stage litter decomposition, which explained about 65% of the variability in litter decomposition at a global scale. The effect of climate, on the other hand, was not litter specific and explained <0.5% of the variation for Green tea and 5% for Rooibos tea, and was of significance only under unfavorable decomposition conditions (i.e. xeric versus mesic environments). When the data were aggregated at the biome scale, climate played a significant role on decomposition of both litter types (explaining 64% of the variation for Green tea and 72% for Rooibos tea). No significant effect of land-use on early stage litter decomposition was noted within the temperate biome. Our results indicate that multiple drivers are affecting early stage litter mass loss with litter quality being dominant. In order to be able to quantify the relative importance of the different drivers over time, long-term studies combined with experimental trials are needed.

ACS Style

Ika Djukic; Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas; Inger Kappel Schmidt; Klaus Steenberg Larsen; Claus Beier; Björn Berg; Kris Verheyen; Adriano Caliman; Alain Paquette; Alba Gutiérrez-Girón; Alberto Humber; Alejandro Valdecantos; Alessandro Petraglia; Heather Alexander; Algirdas Augustaitis; Amélie Saillard; Ana Carolina Ruiz Fernández; Ana I. Sousa; Ana I. Lillebø; Anderson Da Rocha Gripp; André-Jean Francez; Andrea Fischer; Andreas Bohner; Andrey Malyshev; Andrijana Andrić; Andy Smith; Angela Stanisci; Anikó Seres; Anja Schmidt; Anna Avila; Anne Probst; Annie Ouin; Anzar A. Khuroo; Arne Verstraeten; Arely N. Palabral-Aguilera; Artur Stefanski; Aurora Gaxiola; Bart Muys; Bernard Bosman; Bernd Ahrends; Bill Parker; Birgit Sattler; Bo Yang; Bohdan Juráni; Brigitta Erschbamer; Carmen Eugenia Rodriguez Ortiz; Casper T. Christiansen; E. Carol Adair; Céline Meredieu; Cendrine Mony; Charles A. Nock; Chi-Ling Chen; Chiao-Ping Wang; Christel Baum; Christian Rixen; Christine Delire; Christophe Piscart; Christopher Andrews; Corinna Rebmann; Cristina Branquinho; Dana Polyanskaya; David Fuentes Delgado; Dirk Wundram; Diyaa Radeideh; Eduardo Ordóñez-Regil; Edward Crawford; Elena Preda; Elena Tropina; Elli Groner; Eric Lucot; Erzsébet Hornung; Esperança Gacia; Esther Lévesque; Evanilde Benedito; Evgeny A. Davydov; Evy Ampoorter; Fabio Padilha Bolzan; Felipe Varela; Ferdinand Kristöfel; Fernando T. Maestre; Florence Maunoury-Danger; Florian Hofhansl; Florian Kitz; Flurin Sutter; Francisco Cuesta; Francisco De Almeida Lobo; Franco Leandro de Souza; Frank Berninger; Franz Zehetner; Georg Wohlfahrt; George Vourlitis; Geovana Carreño-Rocabado; Gina Arena; Gisele Daiane Pinha; Grizelle González; Guylaine Canut; Hanna Lee; Hans Verbeeck; Harald Auge; Harald Pauli; Hassan Bismarck Nacro; Héctor A. Bahamonde; Heike Feldhaar; Heinke Jäger; Helena C. Serrano; Hélène Verheyden; Helge Bruelheide; Henning Meesenburg; Hermann Jungkunst; Hervé Jactel; Hideaki Shibata; Hiroko Kurokawa; Hugo López Rosas; Hugo L. Rojas Villalobos; Ian Yesilonis; Inara Melece; Inge Van Halder; Inmaculada García Quirós; Isaac Makelele; Issaka Senou; István Fekete; Ivan Mihal; Ivika Ostonen; Jana Borovská; Javier Roales; Jawad Shoqeir; Jean-Christophe Lata; Jean-Paul Theurillat; Jean-Luc Probst; Jess Zimmerman; Jeyanny Vijayanathan; Jianwu Tang; Jill Thompson; Jiří Doležal; Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza; Joël Merlet; Joh Henschel; Johan Neirynck; Johannes Knops; John Loehr; Jonathan von Oppen; Jónína Sigríður Þorláksdóttir; Jörg Löffler; José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano; José-Luis Benito-Alonso; Jose Marcelo Torezan; Joseph C. Morina; Juan J. Jiménez; Juan Dario Quinde; Juha Alatalo; Julia Seeber; Jutta Stadler; Kaie Kriiska; Kalifa Coulibaly; Karibu Fukuzawa; Katalin Szlavecz; Katarína Gerhátová; Kate Lajtha; Kathrin Käppeler; Katie A. Jennings; Katja Tielbörger; Kazuhiko Hoshizaki; Ken Green; Lambiénou Yé; Laryssa Helena Ribeiro Pazianoto; Laura Dienstbach; Laura Williams; Laura Yahdjian; Laurel M. Brigham; Liesbeth Van Den Brink; Lindsey Rustad; Lipeng Zhang; Lourdes Morillas; Lu Xiankai; Luciana Silva Carneiro; Luciano Di Martino; Luis Villar; Maaike Y. Bader; Madison Morley; Marc Lebouvier; Marcello Tomaselli; Marcelo Sternberg; Marcus Schaub; Margarida Santos-Reis; Maria Glushkova; María Guadalupe Almazán Torres; Marie-Andrée Giroux; Marie-Anne de Graaff; Marie-Noëlle Pons; Marijn Bauters; Marina Mazón; Mark Frenzel; Markus Didion; Markus Wagner; Maroof Hamid; Marta L. Lopes; Martha Apple; Martin Schädler; Martin Weih; Matteo Gualmini; Matthew A. Vadeboncoeur; Michael Bierbaumer; Michael Danger; Michael Liddell; Michael Mirtl; Michael Scherer-Lorenzen; Michal Růžek; Michele Carbognani; Michele Di Musciano; Michinari Matsushita; Miglena Zhiyanski; Mihai Pușcaș; Milan Barna; Mioko Ataka; Mo Jiangming; Mohammed Alsafran; Monique Carnol; Nadia Barsoum; Naoko Tokuchi; Nico Eisenhauer; Nicolas Lecomte; Nina Filippova; Norbert Hölzel; Olga Ferlian; Oscar Romero; Osvaldo B. Pinto; Pablo Peri; Paige Weber; Pascal Vittoz; Pavel Dan Turtureanu; Peter Fleischer; Peter Macreadie; Peter Haase; Peter Reich; Petr Petřík; Philippe Choler; Pierre Marmonier; Priscilla Muriel; Quentin Ponette; Rafael Dettogni Guariento; Rafaella Canessa; Ralf Kiese; Rebecca Hewitt; Regin Rønn; Rita Adrian; Róbert Kanka; Robert Weigel; Roberto Cazzolla Gatti; Rodrigo Lemes Martins; Romain Georges; Rosa Isela Meneses; Rosario G. Gavilán; Sabyasachi Dasgupta; Sally Wittlinger; Sara Puijalon; Sarah Freda; Satoshi Suzuki; Sean Charles; Sébastien Gogo; Simon Drollinger; Simone Mereu; Sonja Wipf; Stacey Trevathan-Tackett; Stefan Löfgren; Stefan Stoll; Stefan Trogisch; Stefanie Hoeber; Steffen Seitz; Stephan Glatzel; Sue J. Milton; Sylvie Dousset; Taiki Mori; Takanori Sato; Takeshi Ise; Takuo Hishi; Tanaka Kenta; Tatsuro Nakaji; Thaisa Sala Michelan; Thierry Camboulive; Thomas J. Mozdzer; Thomas Scholten; Thomas Spiegelberger; Thomas Zechmeister; Till Kleinebecker; Tsutom Hiura; Tsutomu Enoki; Tudor-Mihai Ursu; Umberto Morra di Cella; Ute Hamer; Valentin H. Klaus; Vanessa Mendes Rêgo; Valter Di Cecco; Verena Busch; Veronika Fontana; Veronika Piscová; Victoria Carbonell; Victoria Ochoa; Vincent Bretagnolle; Vincent Maire; Vinicius Farjalla; Wenjun Zhou; Wentao Luo; William H. McDowell; Yalin Hu; Yasuhiro Utsumi; Yuji Kominami; Yulia Zaika; Yury Rozhkov; Zsolt Kotroczó; Zsolt Tóth. Early stage litter decomposition across biomes. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 628-629, 1369 -1394.

AMA Style

Ika Djukic, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Inger Kappel Schmidt, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Claus Beier, Björn Berg, Kris Verheyen, Adriano Caliman, Alain Paquette, Alba Gutiérrez-Girón, Alberto Humber, Alejandro Valdecantos, Alessandro Petraglia, Heather Alexander, Algirdas Augustaitis, Amélie Saillard, Ana Carolina Ruiz Fernández, Ana I. Sousa, Ana I. Lillebø, Anderson Da Rocha Gripp, André-Jean Francez, Andrea Fischer, Andreas Bohner, Andrey Malyshev, Andrijana Andrić, Andy Smith, Angela Stanisci, Anikó Seres, Anja Schmidt, Anna Avila, Anne Probst, Annie Ouin, Anzar A. Khuroo, Arne Verstraeten, Arely N. Palabral-Aguilera, Artur Stefanski, Aurora Gaxiola, Bart Muys, Bernard Bosman, Bernd Ahrends, Bill Parker, Birgit Sattler, Bo Yang, Bohdan Juráni, Brigitta Erschbamer, Carmen Eugenia Rodriguez Ortiz, Casper T. Christiansen, E. Carol Adair, Céline Meredieu, Cendrine Mony, Charles A. Nock, Chi-Ling Chen, Chiao-Ping Wang, Christel Baum, Christian Rixen, Christine Delire, Christophe Piscart, Christopher Andrews, Corinna Rebmann, Cristina Branquinho, Dana Polyanskaya, David Fuentes Delgado, Dirk Wundram, Diyaa Radeideh, Eduardo Ordóñez-Regil, Edward Crawford, Elena Preda, Elena Tropina, Elli Groner, Eric Lucot, Erzsébet Hornung, Esperança Gacia, Esther Lévesque, Evanilde Benedito, Evgeny A. Davydov, Evy Ampoorter, Fabio Padilha Bolzan, Felipe Varela, Ferdinand Kristöfel, Fernando T. Maestre, Florence Maunoury-Danger, Florian Hofhansl, Florian Kitz, Flurin Sutter, Francisco Cuesta, Francisco De Almeida Lobo, Franco Leandro de Souza, Frank Berninger, Franz Zehetner, Georg Wohlfahrt, George Vourlitis, Geovana Carreño-Rocabado, Gina Arena, Gisele Daiane Pinha, Grizelle González, Guylaine Canut, Hanna Lee, Hans Verbeeck, Harald Auge, Harald Pauli, Hassan Bismarck Nacro, Héctor A. Bahamonde, Heike Feldhaar, Heinke Jäger, Helena C. Serrano, Hélène Verheyden, Helge Bruelheide, Henning Meesenburg, Hermann Jungkunst, Hervé Jactel, Hideaki Shibata, Hiroko Kurokawa, Hugo López Rosas, Hugo L. Rojas Villalobos, Ian Yesilonis, Inara Melece, Inge Van Halder, Inmaculada García Quirós, Isaac Makelele, Issaka Senou, István Fekete, Ivan Mihal, Ivika Ostonen, Jana Borovská, Javier Roales, Jawad Shoqeir, Jean-Christophe Lata, Jean-Paul Theurillat, Jean-Luc Probst, Jess Zimmerman, Jeyanny Vijayanathan, Jianwu Tang, Jill Thompson, Jiří Doležal, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Joël Merlet, Joh Henschel, Johan Neirynck, Johannes Knops, John Loehr, Jonathan von Oppen, Jónína Sigríður Þorláksdóttir, Jörg Löffler, José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano, José-Luis Benito-Alonso, Jose Marcelo Torezan, Joseph C. Morina, Juan J. Jiménez, Juan Dario Quinde, Juha Alatalo, Julia Seeber, Jutta Stadler, Kaie Kriiska, Kalifa Coulibaly, Karibu Fukuzawa, Katalin Szlavecz, Katarína Gerhátová, Kate Lajtha, Kathrin Käppeler, Katie A. Jennings, Katja Tielbörger, Kazuhiko Hoshizaki, Ken Green, Lambiénou Yé, Laryssa Helena Ribeiro Pazianoto, Laura Dienstbach, Laura Williams, Laura Yahdjian, Laurel M. Brigham, Liesbeth Van Den Brink, Lindsey Rustad, Lipeng Zhang, Lourdes Morillas, Lu Xiankai, Luciana Silva Carneiro, Luciano Di Martino, Luis Villar, Maaike Y. Bader, Madison Morley, Marc Lebouvier, Marcello Tomaselli, Marcelo Sternberg, Marcus Schaub, Margarida Santos-Reis, Maria Glushkova, María Guadalupe Almazán Torres, Marie-Andrée Giroux, Marie-Anne de Graaff, Marie-Noëlle Pons, Marijn Bauters, Marina Mazón, Mark Frenzel, Markus Didion, Markus Wagner, Maroof Hamid, Marta L. Lopes, Martha Apple, Martin Schädler, Martin Weih, Matteo Gualmini, Matthew A. Vadeboncoeur, Michael Bierbaumer, Michael Danger, Michael Liddell, Michael Mirtl, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Michal Růžek, Michele Carbognani, Michele Di Musciano, Michinari Matsushita, Miglena Zhiyanski, Mihai Pușcaș, Milan Barna, Mioko Ataka, Mo Jiangming, Mohammed Alsafran, Monique Carnol, Nadia Barsoum, Naoko Tokuchi, Nico Eisenhauer, Nicolas Lecomte, Nina Filippova, Norbert Hölzel, Olga Ferlian, Oscar Romero, Osvaldo B. Pinto, Pablo Peri, Paige Weber, Pascal Vittoz, Pavel Dan Turtureanu, Peter Fleischer, Peter Macreadie, Peter Haase, Peter Reich, Petr Petřík, Philippe Choler, Pierre Marmonier, Priscilla Muriel, Quentin Ponette, Rafael Dettogni Guariento, Rafaella Canessa, Ralf Kiese, Rebecca Hewitt, Regin Rønn, Rita Adrian, Róbert Kanka, Robert Weigel, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Rodrigo Lemes Martins, Romain Georges, Rosa Isela Meneses, Rosario G. Gavilán, Sabyasachi Dasgupta, Sally Wittlinger, Sara Puijalon, Sarah Freda, Satoshi Suzuki, Sean Charles, Sébastien Gogo, Simon Drollinger, Simone Mereu, Sonja Wipf, Stacey Trevathan-Tackett, Stefan Löfgren, Stefan Stoll, Stefan Trogisch, Stefanie Hoeber, Steffen Seitz, Stephan Glatzel, Sue J. Milton, Sylvie Dousset, Taiki Mori, Takanori Sato, Takeshi Ise, Takuo Hishi, Tanaka Kenta, Tatsuro Nakaji, Thaisa Sala Michelan, Thierry Camboulive, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Thomas Scholten, Thomas Spiegelberger, Thomas Zechmeister, Till Kleinebecker, Tsutom Hiura, Tsutomu Enoki, Tudor-Mihai Ursu, Umberto Morra di Cella, Ute Hamer, Valentin H. Klaus, Vanessa Mendes Rêgo, Valter Di Cecco, Verena Busch, Veronika Fontana, Veronika Piscová, Victoria Carbonell, Victoria Ochoa, Vincent Bretagnolle, Vincent Maire, Vinicius Farjalla, Wenjun Zhou, Wentao Luo, William H. McDowell, Yalin Hu, Yasuhiro Utsumi, Yuji Kominami, Yulia Zaika, Yury Rozhkov, Zsolt Kotroczó, Zsolt Tóth. Early stage litter decomposition across biomes. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 628-629 ():1369-1394.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ika Djukic; Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas; Inger Kappel Schmidt; Klaus Steenberg Larsen; Claus Beier; Björn Berg; Kris Verheyen; Adriano Caliman; Alain Paquette; Alba Gutiérrez-Girón; Alberto Humber; Alejandro Valdecantos; Alessandro Petraglia; Heather Alexander; Algirdas Augustaitis; Amélie Saillard; Ana Carolina Ruiz Fernández; Ana I. Sousa; Ana I. Lillebø; Anderson Da Rocha Gripp; André-Jean Francez; Andrea Fischer; Andreas Bohner; Andrey Malyshev; Andrijana Andrić; Andy Smith; Angela Stanisci; Anikó Seres; Anja Schmidt; Anna Avila; Anne Probst; Annie Ouin; Anzar A. Khuroo; Arne Verstraeten; Arely N. Palabral-Aguilera; Artur Stefanski; Aurora Gaxiola; Bart Muys; Bernard Bosman; Bernd Ahrends; Bill Parker; Birgit Sattler; Bo Yang; Bohdan Juráni; Brigitta Erschbamer; Carmen Eugenia Rodriguez Ortiz; Casper T. Christiansen; E. Carol Adair; Céline Meredieu; Cendrine Mony; Charles A. Nock; Chi-Ling Chen; Chiao-Ping Wang; Christel Baum; Christian Rixen; Christine Delire; Christophe Piscart; Christopher Andrews; Corinna Rebmann; Cristina Branquinho; Dana Polyanskaya; David Fuentes Delgado; Dirk Wundram; Diyaa Radeideh; Eduardo Ordóñez-Regil; Edward Crawford; Elena Preda; Elena Tropina; Elli Groner; Eric Lucot; Erzsébet Hornung; Esperança Gacia; Esther Lévesque; Evanilde Benedito; Evgeny A. Davydov; Evy Ampoorter; Fabio Padilha Bolzan; Felipe Varela; Ferdinand Kristöfel; Fernando T. Maestre; Florence Maunoury-Danger; Florian Hofhansl; Florian Kitz; Flurin Sutter; Francisco Cuesta; Francisco De Almeida Lobo; Franco Leandro de Souza; Frank Berninger; Franz Zehetner; Georg Wohlfahrt; George Vourlitis; Geovana Carreño-Rocabado; Gina Arena; Gisele Daiane Pinha; Grizelle González; Guylaine Canut; Hanna Lee; Hans Verbeeck; Harald Auge; Harald Pauli; Hassan Bismarck Nacro; Héctor A. Bahamonde; Heike Feldhaar; Heinke Jäger; Helena C. Serrano; Hélène Verheyden; Helge Bruelheide; Henning Meesenburg; Hermann Jungkunst; Hervé Jactel; Hideaki Shibata; Hiroko Kurokawa; Hugo López Rosas; Hugo L. Rojas Villalobos; Ian Yesilonis; Inara Melece; Inge Van Halder; Inmaculada García Quirós; Isaac Makelele; Issaka Senou; István Fekete; Ivan Mihal; Ivika Ostonen; Jana Borovská; Javier Roales; Jawad Shoqeir; Jean-Christophe Lata; Jean-Paul Theurillat; Jean-Luc Probst; Jess Zimmerman; Jeyanny Vijayanathan; Jianwu Tang; Jill Thompson; Jiří Doležal; Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza; Joël Merlet; Joh Henschel; Johan Neirynck; Johannes Knops; John Loehr; Jonathan von Oppen; Jónína Sigríður Þorláksdóttir; Jörg Löffler; José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano; José-Luis Benito-Alonso; Jose Marcelo Torezan; Joseph C. Morina; Juan J. Jiménez; Juan Dario Quinde; Juha Alatalo; Julia Seeber; Jutta Stadler; Kaie Kriiska; Kalifa Coulibaly; Karibu Fukuzawa; Katalin Szlavecz; Katarína Gerhátová; Kate Lajtha; Kathrin Käppeler; Katie A. Jennings; Katja Tielbörger; Kazuhiko Hoshizaki; Ken Green; Lambiénou Yé; Laryssa Helena Ribeiro Pazianoto; Laura Dienstbach; Laura Williams; Laura Yahdjian; Laurel M. Brigham; Liesbeth Van Den Brink; Lindsey Rustad; Lipeng Zhang; Lourdes Morillas; Lu Xiankai; Luciana Silva Carneiro; Luciano Di Martino; Luis Villar; Maaike Y. Bader; Madison Morley; Marc Lebouvier; Marcello Tomaselli; Marcelo Sternberg; Marcus Schaub; Margarida Santos-Reis; Maria Glushkova; María Guadalupe Almazán Torres; Marie-Andrée Giroux; Marie-Anne de Graaff; Marie-Noëlle Pons; Marijn Bauters; Marina Mazón; Mark Frenzel; Markus Didion; Markus Wagner; Maroof Hamid; Marta L. Lopes; Martha Apple; Martin Schädler; Martin Weih; Matteo Gualmini; Matthew A. Vadeboncoeur; Michael Bierbaumer; Michael Danger; Michael Liddell; Michael Mirtl; Michael Scherer-Lorenzen; Michal Růžek; Michele Carbognani; Michele Di Musciano; Michinari Matsushita; Miglena Zhiyanski; Mihai Pușcaș; Milan Barna; Mioko Ataka; Mo Jiangming; Mohammed Alsafran; Monique Carnol; Nadia Barsoum; Naoko Tokuchi; Nico Eisenhauer; Nicolas Lecomte; Nina Filippova; Norbert Hölzel; Olga Ferlian; Oscar Romero; Osvaldo B. Pinto; Pablo Peri; Paige Weber; Pascal Vittoz; Pavel Dan Turtureanu; Peter Fleischer; Peter Macreadie; Peter Haase; Peter Reich; Petr Petřík; Philippe Choler; Pierre Marmonier; Priscilla Muriel; Quentin Ponette; Rafael Dettogni Guariento; Rafaella Canessa; Ralf Kiese; Rebecca Hewitt; Regin Rønn; Rita Adrian; Róbert Kanka; Robert Weigel; Roberto Cazzolla Gatti; Rodrigo Lemes Martins; Romain Georges; Rosa Isela Meneses; Rosario G. Gavilán; Sabyasachi Dasgupta; Sally Wittlinger; Sara Puijalon; Sarah Freda; Satoshi Suzuki; Sean Charles; Sébastien Gogo; Simon Drollinger; Simone Mereu; Sonja Wipf; Stacey Trevathan-Tackett; Stefan Löfgren; Stefan Stoll; Stefan Trogisch; Stefanie Hoeber; Steffen Seitz; Stephan Glatzel; Sue J. Milton; Sylvie Dousset; Taiki Mori; Takanori Sato; Takeshi Ise; Takuo Hishi; Tanaka Kenta; Tatsuro Nakaji; Thaisa Sala Michelan; Thierry Camboulive; Thomas J. Mozdzer; Thomas Scholten; Thomas Spiegelberger; Thomas Zechmeister; Till Kleinebecker; Tsutom Hiura; Tsutomu Enoki; Tudor-Mihai Ursu; Umberto Morra di Cella; Ute Hamer; Valentin H. Klaus; Vanessa Mendes Rêgo; Valter Di Cecco; Verena Busch; Veronika Fontana; Veronika Piscová; Victoria Carbonell; Victoria Ochoa; Vincent Bretagnolle; Vincent Maire; Vinicius Farjalla; Wenjun Zhou; Wentao Luo; William H. McDowell; Yalin Hu; Yasuhiro Utsumi; Yuji Kominami; Yulia Zaika; Yury Rozhkov; Zsolt Kotroczó; Zsolt Tóth. 2018. "Early stage litter decomposition across biomes." Science of The Total Environment 628-629, no. : 1369-1394.

Review
Published: 22 November 2017 in Sustainability
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The skiing industry often represent the main contribution to mountain regions’ economy, by providing several economic benefits and the improvement of services and infrastructure. Ski resorts also play a crucial role as an impacting factor, causing severe changes on Alpine landscape and ecosystems. In particular ski runs construction and operation have considerable impacts on alpine soils, influencing their chemical and physical properties which affecting the establishment and development of plant communities. The work provides a description of the changes in soil properties and the related effects on vegetation. It aims furthermore to investigate the recent best practices applied for a successful soil restoration after ski runs construction, which may contribute to a sustainable use of mountain soils and ecosystems. Based on the current regulatory framework, this review gives a global overview on how, in Europe and specifically in Italy, the sustainable use of soils is considered during the construction and management of ski runs. As the framework is still lacking of specific rules regarding soil protection and management on ski runs, the present work wishes to provide recommendations in order to fill this gap, favoring the effective application of best practices for soil protection during ski run construction and maintenance.

ACS Style

Emanuele Pintaldi; Csilla Hudek; Silvia Stanchi; Thomas Spiegelberger; Enrico Rivella; Michele Freppaz. Sustainable Soil Management in Ski Areas: Threats and Challenges. Sustainability 2017, 9, 2150 .

AMA Style

Emanuele Pintaldi, Csilla Hudek, Silvia Stanchi, Thomas Spiegelberger, Enrico Rivella, Michele Freppaz. Sustainable Soil Management in Ski Areas: Threats and Challenges. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (11):2150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emanuele Pintaldi; Csilla Hudek; Silvia Stanchi; Thomas Spiegelberger; Enrico Rivella; Michele Freppaz. 2017. "Sustainable Soil Management in Ski Areas: Threats and Challenges." Sustainability 9, no. 11: 2150.

Journal article
Published: 16 January 2017 in Biogeochemistry
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Mountain soils stock large quantities of carbon as particulate organic matter that may be highly vulnerable to climate change. To explore potential shifts in soil organic matter (SOM) form and stability under climate change (warming and reduced precipitations), we studied the dynamics of SOM pools of a mountain grassland in the Swiss Jura as part of a climate manipulation experiment. The climate manipulation (elevational soil transplantation) was set up in October 2009 and simulated two realistic climate change scenarios. After 4 years of manipulation, we performed SOM physical fractionation to extract SOM fractions corresponding to specific turnover rates, in winter and in summer. Soil organic matter fraction chemistry was studied with ultraviolet, 3D fluorescence, and mid-infrared spectroscopies. The most labile SOM fractions showed high intra-annual dynamics (amounts and chemistry) mediated via the seasonal changes of fresh plant debris inputs and confirming their high contribution to the microbial loop. Our climate change manipulation modified the chemical differences between free and intra-aggregate organic matter, suggesting a modification of soil macro-aggregates dynamics. Interestingly, the 4-year climate manipulation affected directly the SOM dynamics, with a decrease in organic C bulk soil content, resulting from significant C-losses in the mineral-associated SOM fraction (MAOM), the most stable form of SOM. This SOC decrease was associated with a decrease in clay content, above- and belowground plants biomass, soil microbial biomass and activity. The combination of these climate changes effects on the plant–soil system could have led to increase C-losses from the MAOM fraction through clay-SOM washing out and DOC leaching in this subalpine grassland.

ACS Style

Jeremy Puissant; Robert T. E. Mills; Bjorn Robroek; Konstantin Gavazov; Yves Perrette; Sébastien De Danieli; Thomas Spiegelberger; Alexandre Buttler; Jean-Jacques Brun; Lauric Cécillon. Climate change effects on the stability and chemistry of soil organic carbon pools in a subalpine grassland. Biogeochemistry 2017, 132, 123 -139.

AMA Style

Jeremy Puissant, Robert T. E. Mills, Bjorn Robroek, Konstantin Gavazov, Yves Perrette, Sébastien De Danieli, Thomas Spiegelberger, Alexandre Buttler, Jean-Jacques Brun, Lauric Cécillon. Climate change effects on the stability and chemistry of soil organic carbon pools in a subalpine grassland. Biogeochemistry. 2017; 132 (1):123-139.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeremy Puissant; Robert T. E. Mills; Bjorn Robroek; Konstantin Gavazov; Yves Perrette; Sébastien De Danieli; Thomas Spiegelberger; Alexandre Buttler; Jean-Jacques Brun; Lauric Cécillon. 2017. "Climate change effects on the stability and chemistry of soil organic carbon pools in a subalpine grassland." Biogeochemistry 132, no. 1: 123-139.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2015 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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ACS Style

Claire Deléglise; Marco Meisser; Eric Mosimann; Thomas Spiegelberger; Constant Signarbieux; Bernard Jeangros; Alexandre Buttler. Drought-induced shifts in plants traits, yields and nutritive value under realistic grazing and mowing managements in a mountain grassland. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2015, 213, 94 -104.

AMA Style

Claire Deléglise, Marco Meisser, Eric Mosimann, Thomas Spiegelberger, Constant Signarbieux, Bernard Jeangros, Alexandre Buttler. Drought-induced shifts in plants traits, yields and nutritive value under realistic grazing and mowing managements in a mountain grassland. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2015; 213 ():94-104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claire Deléglise; Marco Meisser; Eric Mosimann; Thomas Spiegelberger; Constant Signarbieux; Bernard Jeangros; Alexandre Buttler. 2015. "Drought-induced shifts in plants traits, yields and nutritive value under realistic grazing and mowing managements in a mountain grassland." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 213, no. : 94-104.

Journal article
Published: 24 February 2015 in Ecology Letters
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Alien plant species are known to have a wide range of impacts on recipient communities, from resident species’ exclusions to coexistence with resident species. It remains unclear; however, if this variety of impacts is due to different invader strategies, features of recipient communities or both. To test this, we examined multiple plant invasions of a single ecosystem in southwestern Australia. We used extensive community data to calculate pairwise segregation between target alien species and many co‐occurring species. We related segregation to species’ positions along community trait hierarchies and identified at least two distinct invasion strategies: ‘exploiters’ which occupy high positions along key trait hierarchies and reduce local native species diversity (particularly in nutrient‐enriched situations), and ‘coexisters’ who occupy intermediate trait positions and have no discernable impact on native diversity. We conclude that trait hierarchies, linked to measures of competition, can provide valuable insights about the processes driving different invasion outcomes.

ACS Style

Hao Ran Lai; Margaret Mayfield; Justine M. Gay-Des-Combes; Thomas Spiegelberger; John M. Dwyer. Distinct invasion strategies operating within a natural annual plant system. Ecology Letters 2015, 18, 336 -346.

AMA Style

Hao Ran Lai, Margaret Mayfield, Justine M. Gay-Des-Combes, Thomas Spiegelberger, John M. Dwyer. Distinct invasion strategies operating within a natural annual plant system. Ecology Letters. 2015; 18 (4):336-346.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Ran Lai; Margaret Mayfield; Justine M. Gay-Des-Combes; Thomas Spiegelberger; John M. Dwyer. 2015. "Distinct invasion strategies operating within a natural annual plant system." Ecology Letters 18, no. 4: 336-346.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in Soil Biology and Biochemistry
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International audienceMicrobial communities drive soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition through the production of a variety of extracellular enzymes. Climate change impact on soil microbial communities and soil enzymatic activities can therefore strongly affect SOM turnover, and thereby determine the fate of ecosystems and their role as carbon sinks or sources.To simulate projected impacts of climate change on Swiss Jura subalpine grassland soils, an altitudinal soil transplantation experiment was set up in October 2009. On the fourth year of this experiment, we measured microbial biomass (MB), microbial community structure (MCS), and soil extracellular enzymatic activities (EEA) of nine hydrolytic and oxidative extracellular enzymes in the transplanted soils on a seasonal basis.We found a strong sampling date effect and a smaller but significant effect of the climate manipulation (soil transplantation) on EEA. Overall EEA was higher in winter and spring but enzymes linked to N and P cycles showed higher potential activities in autumn, suggesting that other factors than soil microclimate controlled their pool size, such as substrate availability. The climate warming manipulation decreased EEA in most cases, with oxidative enzymes more concerned than hydrolytic enzymes. In contrast to EEA, soil MB was more affected by the climate manipulation than by the seasons. Transplanting soils to lower altitudes caused a significant decrease in soil MB, but did not affect soil MCS. Conversely, a clear shift in soil MCS was observed between winter and summer. Mass-specific soil EEA (EEA normalized by MB) showed a systematic seasonal trend, with a higher ratio in winter than in summer, suggesting that the seasonal shift in MCS is accompanied by a change in their activities. Surprisingly, we observed a significant decrease in soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration after four years of soil transplantation, as compared to the control site, which could not be linked to any microbial data.We conclude that medium term (four years) warming and decreased precipitation strongly affected MB and EEA but not MCS in subalpine grassland soils, and that those shifts cannot be readily linked to the dynamics of soil carbon concentration under climate change

ACS Style

Jeremy Puissant; Lauric Cécillon; Robert T.E. Mills; Bjorn Robroek; Konstantin Gavazov; Sébastien De Danieli; Thomas Spiegelberger; Alexandre Buttler; Jean-Jacques Brun. Seasonal influence of climate manipulation on microbial community structure and function in mountain soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2015, 80, 296 -305.

AMA Style

Jeremy Puissant, Lauric Cécillon, Robert T.E. Mills, Bjorn Robroek, Konstantin Gavazov, Sébastien De Danieli, Thomas Spiegelberger, Alexandre Buttler, Jean-Jacques Brun. Seasonal influence of climate manipulation on microbial community structure and function in mountain soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2015; 80 ():296-305.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeremy Puissant; Lauric Cécillon; Robert T.E. Mills; Bjorn Robroek; Konstantin Gavazov; Sébastien De Danieli; Thomas Spiegelberger; Alexandre Buttler; Jean-Jacques Brun. 2015. "Seasonal influence of climate manipulation on microbial community structure and function in mountain soils." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 80, no. : 296-305.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2014 in Basic and Applied Ecology
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Within Europe, mountain ecosystems are generally less invaded by exotic plant species than are lowland areas. This pattern is commonly attributed to climatic harshness, which limits invasive species presence, and higher propagule pressure and rates of disturbance in lowlands, which favours dissemination. However, the extent to which anthropogenic and natural disturbances contribute to invasive species presence in mountain and lowland environments remains unclear. We conducted field observations in a lowland and an upland region in France and measured environmental variables, estimated the natural and anthropogenic disturbance of plots invaded by Fallopia spp. and compared them to non-invaded plots. Based on generalised linear mixed models, the predictors of Fallopia spp. presence in the upland area only included anthropogenic elements such as the presence of a road or trail and frequentation by humans, whereas both anthropogenic parameters and natural components (light penetration, slope, presence of a road and of a watercourse) were retained as predictors for the lowland region. We calculated the odds of Fallopia spp. presence for the increase of one unit of each predictor. We conclude that the spread of Fallopia spp. in upland areas was mainly linked to human activity whereas dissemination of the species occurred both through humans and in natural ways in lowland areas, and this may be due to a more recent colonisation in the mountains. We therefore advise stakeholders to undertake actions in mountain areas to specifically limit the dissemination of exotic species by humans and to monitor areas of high invasion risk by exotic species, such as areas neighbouring trails and roads highly frequented by humans

ACS Style

Soraya Rouifed; Florence Piola; Thomas Spiegelberger. Invasion by Fallopia spp. in a French upland region is related to anthropogenic disturbances. Basic and Applied Ecology 2014, 15, 435 -443.

AMA Style

Soraya Rouifed, Florence Piola, Thomas Spiegelberger. Invasion by Fallopia spp. in a French upland region is related to anthropogenic disturbances. Basic and Applied Ecology. 2014; 15 (5):435-443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Soraya Rouifed; Florence Piola; Thomas Spiegelberger. 2014. "Invasion by Fallopia spp. in a French upland region is related to anthropogenic disturbances." Basic and Applied Ecology 15, no. 5: 435-443.

Journal article
Published: 19 July 2014 in Ecosystems
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Climate change can affect the process of carbon cycling and leaf litter decomposition in multiple ways, both directly and indirectly, though the strength and direction of this relationship is often context dependent. In this experiment, we followed decomposition of a standard litter type—senescent leaves of Fagus sylvatica collected from a single location—along a 1000 m altitudinal gradient of four sites over 2.5 years. To control the edaphic conditions, we transplanted intact turf mesocosms from three different land-use types [densely wooded, sparsely wooded, and unwooded (UW) pastures] from the highest altitude site into UW pastures along the altitudinal gradient from the moist, cool high-elevation site to the dry, warm low-elevation site, using shade cloth to mimic the light conditions in the original habitats. Decomposition in the drier UW pasture mesocosms increased with altitude, likely because of higher moisture at the highest sites. Decomposition in the more mesic mesocosms from sparsely and densely wooded sites was insensitive to altitude, suggesting an overriding moisture, rather than temperature, constraint on decomposition across these sites. The functional composition of decomposer microbial communities (fungal/bacterial ratio) was similarly insensitive to altitude. Our findings bring substantial evidence for the controlling role of soil moisture on litter decomposition, as well as for the indirect effects of climate through changes in the decomposer community.

ACS Style

Konstantin Gavazov; Robert Mills; Thomas Spiegelberger; Jonathan Lenglet; Alexandre Buttler. Biotic and Abiotic Constraints on the Decomposition of Fagus sylvatica Leaf Litter Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Contrasting Land-Use Types. Ecosystems 2014, 17, 1326 -1337.

AMA Style

Konstantin Gavazov, Robert Mills, Thomas Spiegelberger, Jonathan Lenglet, Alexandre Buttler. Biotic and Abiotic Constraints on the Decomposition of Fagus sylvatica Leaf Litter Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Contrasting Land-Use Types. Ecosystems. 2014; 17 (8):1326-1337.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Konstantin Gavazov; Robert Mills; Thomas Spiegelberger; Jonathan Lenglet; Alexandre Buttler. 2014. "Biotic and Abiotic Constraints on the Decomposition of Fagus sylvatica Leaf Litter Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Contrasting Land-Use Types." Ecosystems 17, no. 8: 1326-1337.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2014 in Science of The Total Environment
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The pressure of climate change is disproportionately high in mountainous regions, and small changes may push ecosystem processes beyond sensitivity thresholds, creating new dynamics of carbon and nutrient cycling. Given that the rate of organic matter decomposition is strongly dependent upon temperature and soil moisture, the sensitivity of soil respiration to both metrics is highly relevant when considering soil-atmosphere feedbacks under a changing climate. To assess the effects of changing climate in a mountain pasture system, we transplanted turfs along an elevation gradient, monitored in situ soil respiration, incubated collected top-soils to determine legacy effects on temperature sensitivity, and analysed soil organic matter (SOM) to detect changes in quality and quantity of SOM fractions. In situ transplantation down-slope reduced soil moisture and increased soil temperature, with concurrent reductions in soil respiration. Soil moisture acted as an overriding constraint to soil respiration, and significantly reduced the sensitivity to temperature. Under controlled laboratory conditions, removal of the moisture constraint to heterotrophic respiration led to a significant respiration-temperature response. However, despite lower respiration rates down-slope, the response function was comparable among sites, and therefore unaffected by antecedent conditions. We found shifts in the SOM quality, especially of the light fraction, indicating changes to the dynamics of decomposition of recently deposited material. Our findings highlighted the resilience of the microbial community to severe climatic perturbations, but also that soil moisture stress during the growing season can significantly reduce soil function in addition to direct effects on plant productivity. This demonstrated the sensitivity of subalpine pastures under climate change, and possible implications for sustainable use given reductions in organic matter turnover and consequent feedbacks to nutrient cycling.

ACS Style

Robert T.E. Mills; Konstantin Gavazov; Thomas Spiegelberger; David Johnson; Alexandre Buttler. Diminished soil functions occur under simulated climate change in a sup-alpine pasture, but heterotrophic temperature sensitivity indicates microbial resilience. Science of The Total Environment 2014, 473-474, 465 -472.

AMA Style

Robert T.E. Mills, Konstantin Gavazov, Thomas Spiegelberger, David Johnson, Alexandre Buttler. Diminished soil functions occur under simulated climate change in a sup-alpine pasture, but heterotrophic temperature sensitivity indicates microbial resilience. Science of The Total Environment. 2014; 473-474 ():465-472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert T.E. Mills; Konstantin Gavazov; Thomas Spiegelberger; David Johnson; Alexandre Buttler. 2014. "Diminished soil functions occur under simulated climate change in a sup-alpine pasture, but heterotrophic temperature sensitivity indicates microbial resilience." Science of The Total Environment 473-474, no. : 465-472.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Using bioengineering techniques to restore areas invaded by Fallopia japonica shows promising results. Planting tree cuttings could allow both rapidly re-establishing a competitive native plant community and reducing F. japonica performance. However, F. japonica has been shown to affect native plant species through different mechanisms such as allelopathy. This article investigates the phytotoxic effect of F. japonica on the resprouting capacity and the growth of three Salicaceae species with potential value for restoration. An experimental design which physically separates donor pots containing either an individual from F. japonica or bare soil from target pots containing cuttings of Populus nigra, Salix atrocinerea or Salix viminali was used. Leachates from donor pots were used to water target pots. The effects of leachates were evaluated by measuring the final biomass of the cuttings. F. japonica leachates inhibited the growth of cuttings, and this effect is linked to the emission of polyphenol compounds by F. japonica. Leachates also induced changes in soil nitrogen composition. These results suggest the existence of allelopathic effects, direct and/or indirect, of F. japonica on the growth of Salicaceae species cuttings. However, the three species were not equally affected, suggesting that the choice of resistant species could be crucial for restoration success.

ACS Style

Fanny Dommanget; André Evette; Thomas Spiegelberger; Christiane Gallet; Marine Pacé; Marika Imbert; Marie-Laure Navas. Differential allelopathic effects of Japanese knotweed on willow and cottonwood cuttings used in riverbank restoration techniques. Journal of Environmental Management 2014, 132, 71 -78.

AMA Style

Fanny Dommanget, André Evette, Thomas Spiegelberger, Christiane Gallet, Marine Pacé, Marika Imbert, Marie-Laure Navas. Differential allelopathic effects of Japanese knotweed on willow and cottonwood cuttings used in riverbank restoration techniques. Journal of Environmental Management. 2014; 132 ():71-78.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fanny Dommanget; André Evette; Thomas Spiegelberger; Christiane Gallet; Marine Pacé; Marika Imbert; Marie-Laure Navas. 2014. "Differential allelopathic effects of Japanese knotweed on willow and cottonwood cuttings used in riverbank restoration techniques." Journal of Environmental Management 132, no. : 71-78.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2013 in Oecologia
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Climate change could impact strongly on cold-adapted mountain ecosystems, but little is known about its interaction with traditional land-use practices. We used an altitudinal gradient to simulate a year-round warmer and drier climate for semi-natural subalpine grasslands across a landscape of contrasting land-use management. Turf mesocosms from three pasture-woodland land-use types-unwooded pasture, sparsely wooded pasture, and densely wooded pasture-spanning a gradient from high to low management intensity were transplanted downslope to test their resistance to two intensities of climate change. We found strong overall effects of intensive (+4 K) experimental climate change (i.e., warming and reduced precipitation) on plant community structure and function, while moderate (+2 K) climate change did not substantially affect the studied land-use types, thus indicating an ecosystem response threshold to moderate climate perturbation. The individual land-use types were affected differently under the +4 K scenario, with a 60% decrease in aboveground biomass (AGB) in unwooded pasture turfs, a 40% decrease in sparsely wooded pasture turfs, and none in densely wooded ones. Similarly, unwooded pasture turfs experienced a 30% loss of species, advanced (by 30 days) phenological development, and a mid-season senescence due to drought stress, while no such effects were recorded for the other land-use types. The observed contrasting effects of climate change across the pasture-woodland landscape have important implications for future decades. The reduced impact of climate change on wooded pastures as compared to unwooded ones should promote the sustainable land use of wooded pastures by maintaining low management intensity and a sparse forest canopy, which buffer the immediate impacts of climate change on herbaceous vegetation.

ACS Style

Konstantin Gavazov; Thomas Spiegelberger; Alexandre Buttler. Transplantation of subalpine wood-pasture turfs along a natural climatic gradient reveals lower resistance of unwooded pastures to climate change compared to wooded ones. Oecologia 2013, 174, 1425 -1435.

AMA Style

Konstantin Gavazov, Thomas Spiegelberger, Alexandre Buttler. Transplantation of subalpine wood-pasture turfs along a natural climatic gradient reveals lower resistance of unwooded pastures to climate change compared to wooded ones. Oecologia. 2013; 174 (4):1425-1435.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Konstantin Gavazov; Thomas Spiegelberger; Alexandre Buttler. 2013. "Transplantation of subalpine wood-pasture turfs along a natural climatic gradient reveals lower resistance of unwooded pastures to climate change compared to wooded ones." Oecologia 174, no. 4: 1425-1435.

Journal article
Published: 08 November 2013 in Journal of Ecology
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Climate change is expected to increase the magnitude and the frequency of extreme climatic events such as droughts. Better understanding how plant communities will respond to these droughts is a major challenge. We expect the response to be a shift in functional trait values resulting from both species turnover and intraspecific trait variability, but little research has addressed the relative contribution of both components. We analysed the short-term functional response of subalpine grassland communities to a simulated drought by focusing on four leaf traits (LDMC: leaf dry matter content, SLA: specific leaf area, LNC: leaf nitrogen concentration and LCC: leaf carbon concentration). After evaluating species turnover and intraspecific variability separately, we determined their relative contribution in the community functional response to drought, reflected by changes in community-weighted mean traits. We found significant species turnover and intraspecific variability, as well as significant changes in community-weighted mean for most of the traits. The relative contribution of intraspecific variability to the changes in community mean traits was more important (42-99%) than the relative contribution of species turnover (1-58%). Intraspecific variability either amplified (for LDMC, SLA and LCC) or dampened (for LNC) the community functional response mediated by species turnover. We demonstrated that the small contribution of species turnover to the changes in community mean LDMC and LCC was explained by a lack of covariation between species turnover and interspecific trait differences. Synthesis. These results highlight the need for a better consideration of intraspecific variability to understand and predict the effect of climate change on plant communities. While both species turnover and intraspecific variability can be expected following an extreme drought, we report new evidence that intraspecific variability can be a more important driver of the short-term functional response of plant communities

ACS Style

Vincent Jung; Cécile H. Albert; Cyrille Violle; Georges Kunstler; Grégory Loucougaray; Thomas Spiegelberger. Intraspecific trait variability mediates the response of subalpine grassland communities to extreme drought events. Journal of Ecology 2013, 102, 45 -53.

AMA Style

Vincent Jung, Cécile H. Albert, Cyrille Violle, Georges Kunstler, Grégory Loucougaray, Thomas Spiegelberger. Intraspecific trait variability mediates the response of subalpine grassland communities to extreme drought events. Journal of Ecology. 2013; 102 (1):45-53.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Jung; Cécile H. Albert; Cyrille Violle; Georges Kunstler; Grégory Loucougaray; Thomas Spiegelberger. 2013. "Intraspecific trait variability mediates the response of subalpine grassland communities to extreme drought events." Journal of Ecology 102, no. 1: 45-53.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2013 in Environmental Management
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Asian knotweeds (Fallopia spp.) are considered one of the world's most invasive species. Restoring habitats dominated by these exotic species requires a better understanding of the importance of abiotic factors controlling the invasive knotweeds performance. We used observational data obtained on the embankment of the Isère River (France) to study the performance of Fallopia spp. under different soil, light, and disturbance conditions. On the Isère riverbanks, light intensity assessed by light quantity transmitted through canopy was the most important factor explaining the variability observed on knotweed performance expressed as above-ground biomass per square meter. Asian knotweeds were more productive under intensive light conditions. Alternatively other factors such as mowing (twice a year), soil fertility, soil texture, position on the bank or exposure to the sun had no significant effect on knotweed biomass production. We conclude that decreasing light resources, for example, by increasing competitive pressure on sites dominated by Asian knotweeds could be included in management plans to control the populations of this invasive taxon.

ACS Style

Fanny Dommanget; Thomas Spiegelberger; Paul Cavaillé; André Evette. Light Availability Prevails Over Soil Fertility and Structure in the Performance of Asian Knotweeds on Riverbanks: New Management Perspectives. Environmental Management 2013, 52, 1453 -1462.

AMA Style

Fanny Dommanget, Thomas Spiegelberger, Paul Cavaillé, André Evette. Light Availability Prevails Over Soil Fertility and Structure in the Performance of Asian Knotweeds on Riverbanks: New Management Perspectives. Environmental Management. 2013; 52 (6):1453-1462.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fanny Dommanget; Thomas Spiegelberger; Paul Cavaillé; André Evette. 2013. "Light Availability Prevails Over Soil Fertility and Structure in the Performance of Asian Knotweeds on Riverbanks: New Management Perspectives." Environmental Management 52, no. 6: 1453-1462.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2013 in Basic and Applied Ecology
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Changes in agricultural practices of semi-natural mountain grasslands are expected to modify plant community structure and shift dominance patterns. Using vegetation surveys of 11 sites in semi-natural grasslands of the Swiss Jura and Swiss and French Alps, we determined the relative contribution of dominant, subordinate and transient plant species in grazed and abandoned communities and observed their changes along a gradient of productivity and in response to abandonment of pasturing. The results confirm the humpbacked diversity-productivity relationship in semi-natural grassland, which is due to the increase of subordinate species number at intermediate productivity levels. Grazed communities, at the lower or higher end of the species diversity gradient, suffered higher species loss after grazing abandonment. Species loss after abandonment of pasturing was mainly due to a higher reduction in the number of subordinate species, as a consequence of the increasing proportion of dominant species. When plant biodiversity maintenance is the aim, our results have direct implications for theway grasslands should be managed. Indeed, while intensification and abandonment have been accelerated since few decades, our findings in this multi-site analysis confirm the importance of maintaining intermediate levels of pasturing to preserve biodiversity

ACS Style

Pierre Mariotte; Alexandre Buttler; Florian Kohler; Anna K. Gilgen; Thomas Spiegelberger. How do subordinate and dominant species in semi-natural mountain grasslands relate to productivity and land-use change? Basic and Applied Ecology 2013, 14, 217 -224.

AMA Style

Pierre Mariotte, Alexandre Buttler, Florian Kohler, Anna K. Gilgen, Thomas Spiegelberger. How do subordinate and dominant species in semi-natural mountain grasslands relate to productivity and land-use change? Basic and Applied Ecology. 2013; 14 (3):217-224.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pierre Mariotte; Alexandre Buttler; Florian Kohler; Anna K. Gilgen; Thomas Spiegelberger. 2013. "How do subordinate and dominant species in semi-natural mountain grasslands relate to productivity and land-use change?" Basic and Applied Ecology 14, no. 3: 217-224.