The solutions to the radial Schrödinger equation for a pseudoharmonic potential and Kratzer potential have been studied separately in the past. Despite different reports on the Kratzer potential, the fundamental theoretical quantities such as Fisher information have not been reported. In this study, we obtain the solution to the radial Schrödinger equation for the combination of the pseudoharmonic and Kratzer potentials in the presence of a constant-dependent potential, utilizing the concepts and formalism of the supersymmetric and shape invariance approach. The position expectation value and momentum expectation value are calculated employing the Hellmann–Feynman Theory. These expectation values are then used to calculate the Fisher information for both position and momentum spaces in both the absence and presence of the constant-dependent potential. The results obtained revealed that the presence of the constant-dependent potential leads to an increase in the energy eigenvalue, as well as in the position and momentum expectation values. Additionally, the constant-dependent potential increases the Fisher information for both position and momentum spaces. Furthermore, the product of the position expectation value and the momentum expectation value, along with the product of the Fisher information, satisfies both Fisher’s inequality and Cramer–Rao’s inequality.

The abundance of ions within the ionosphere makes it an important region for both long range and satellite communication systems. However, characterizing the complexity in the ionosphere within the equatorial region of Abuja, with geographic coordinates of 8.99° N and 7.39° E and a geomagnetic latitude of −1.60, and Lagos, with geographic coordinates of 3.27° E and 6.48° N and a dip latitude of −1.72°, is a challenging and daunting task due to the intrinsic and external forces involved. In this study, chaos theory was applied on data from both an HF Doppler sounding system and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for the characterization of the ionosphere over these two tropical locations during 2020–2021 with respect to the quality of high-frequency radio signals between the two locations. Our results suggest that the ionosphere at the two locations is chaotic, with its largest Lyapunov exponent values being greater than 0 ($0.011\le \lambda \le 0.041$) and its correlation dimension being in the range of $1.388\le D_2\le 1.775$. Furthermore, it was revealed that there exists a negative correlation between the state of the ionosphere and signal quality at the two locations. Using transfer entropy, it was confirmed that the ionosphere interfered more with signals during 2020, a year of lower solar activity (sunspot number, 8.8) compared to 2021 (sunspot number, 29.6). On a monthly scale, the influence of the ionosphere on signal quality was found to be complicated. The results obtained in this study will be useful in communication systems design, modelling, and prediction.

Human beings live in a world that is vulnerable to disasters and huge security threats. The common occurrence of global natural disasters and security threats call for major attention by the government of nations and the International community. Man continues to live under perpetual fear of the unknown because of these events. Notably, the human being is at the receiving end of these events either as a victim or at times as a perpetrator. Locating and rescuing victims or perpetrators of these events can be effectively achieved using smart digital devices that are configured with their unique identities and this will aid in achieving sustainable peace and stability in society. Equally, the global proliferation of digital devices is always on the rise; hardly today is there anyone on the planet earth without a form of one digital device or the other. This study is exploring the use of smart mobile digital devices, geospatial, cloud, communication, and technologies in mitigating the impact of natural and security threats with the significance of promoting peaceful human coexistence in the society. A Google App for finding a device, clock-timer app, an Internet speed check app and an online weather app were used for the experiments conducted for the proof of concept of the model. A test of model robustness was evaluated using response time and visibility. The model consistently showed good attributes of robustness in its behavior. Furthermore, the following parameters: latency, upload speed, download speed, air quality index, visibility, humidity, wind gust and temperature were observed against the response time in the experiments. A single sample (one-tail) t-test for the response time with a mean population of 0.9 gave a t-test value of 1. The value of p is 0.162791 and the result is not significant at p<.05. This indicates that there was no significant difference in the response time of the model irrespective of the time of the day, weather conditions, and the communication parameters. The result showed that the response time of the conceptual model was fast and consistent with the experiments indicating that the model can be leveraged, to address the problem identified in an affordable manner. The study is highly significant due to the fact that exploring the technologies that support location-based systems has greater potential in addressing the problem occasioned by natural disasters and security threats to humans. Future consideration is focused on enhancing the model by scaling up the biometrics features of the victim or perpetrator for speedy location.

The solutions of the radial Schrödinger equation for a pseudoharmonic potential and Kratzer potentials has been studied separately in the past. The Kratzer potential despite different reports, the basic theoretic quantity such as Fisher information has not been reported. In this study, the solution of the radial Schrödinger equation for the combination of the pseudoharmonic and Kratzer potentials in the presence of a constant-dependent potential is obtained using the concepts and formalism of the supersymmetric and shape invariance approach. The position expectation value and momentum expectation value are calculated employing the Hellmann-Feynman Theory. The expectation values are used to calculate the Fisher information for both the position and momentum spaces in both the absence and presence of the constant-dependent potential. The obtained results revealed that the presence of the constant-dependent potential leads to an increase in the energy eigenvalue, as well as in the position and momentum expectation values. The presence of the constant-dependent potential also increases the Fisher information for both position and momentum spaces. Furthermore, the product of the position expectation value and the momentum expectation value along with the product of the Fisher information, satisfies both the Fisher’s inequality and the Cramer-Rao’s inequality.

Solar radiation, the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth, drives critical physical and biological processes. This study investigates the enhancement periods of Global Solar Radiation (GSR) using ground based measurements from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMET), specifically from the Lagos Oshodi station and other synoptic stations across Nigeria. Monthly and annual GSR data were statistically analyzed to compute mean values, standard deviations, and seasonal/inter annual variations. Five locations Lagos, Ibadan, Enugu, Maiduguri, and Kano were selected to represent Nigeria’s diverse climatic zones, from coastal and rainforest to savanna and Sahel environments. The seasonal mean GSR was measured in Mega Joules per Square meter (MJ/m2) for Lagos, Ibadan, and Enugu which was approximately 13 MJ/m², while Maiduguri and Kano recorded 20% and 30% higher values, respectively. Peak seasonal GSR reaches 14.8 MJ/m², while the lowest values fall to 9 MJ/m². Three distinctive seasonal features were identified: a primary peak in March to April, a minimum in July to August, and a secondary maximum in October to November. These patterns correspond to Nigeria’s seasonal transitions, with the primary peak preceding the rainy season, the minimum coinciding with heavy monsoon cloud cover, and the secondary peak marking the end of rains and onset of dry season. These variations highlight the importance of local climatic factors in influencing solar radiation, offering critical insight for solar energy applications, agricultural planning, and climate modeling in the region.

Water vapour is known to represent the amount of water in the atmosphere. However, periodic and regular variations in both radio refractive index (N) and saturated water vapour density (SWVD) were observed at selected Nigerian stations. This investigation used monthly air temperature, air pressure, and relative humidity data from four stations (Iwo, Ife, Ilesha, and Osogbo) collected from the soda (http://www.soda-pro.com) HelioClim website repository of MERRA-2 meteorological re-analysis data. However, for the research, there have been factors influencing radio signal transmission that operate in the troposphere, contributing to saturated water vapour. The result of the research showed that analysis of monthly MERRA-2 data indicated that N and SWVD peak in May (379 N, 20.50 g/m 3) and trough in January (333 N, 14.00 g/m 3). The results showed a strong seasonal dependence, with N and SWVD increasing by 13.5% and 46.4%, respectively, from dry to wet season. These findings have implications for optimizing radio system performance in Sub-Saharan Africa. Present study also revealed that radio refractive index and SWVD are generally higher in the wet season and lower in the dry season at the selected stations. As a result, the study concluded that in order to achieve good radio refractive index performance in Sub-Saharan Africa, the country must account for the variability of the meteorological parameters used in the study of radio refractive index and SWVD for the design of optimal system performance.