The cultivation of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is a centuries-old agricultural activity that has become an important economic pursuit in different parts of the world, especially in countries like the USA, Türkiye, and Iran. This research aims to identify the determinants of risk attitude, risk perception, and risk management strategy of pistachio producers and analyze the relationship between these determinants and demographic characteristics in Siirt Province as one of the most important pistachio-producing regions in Türkiye. A total of 116 pistachio producers were interviewed face-to-face in 2023. Data were analyzed using Factor Analysis (FA) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Study results contributed to the understanding of the various determinants and their interrelationships in shaping the risk management strategy of farmers. The FA results showed that pistachio producers operate in a risk environment influenced by several factors, including operational, environmental, political, economic, and financial risks. To manage these risks and consolidate their position, pistachio producers need to develop strategies that prioritize quality management, production efficiency, adaptability, income diversification, market expansion, and rational financial planning. The results of the PLS-SEM analysis revealed that water resource constraints play a critical role in shaping risk management strategies among pistachio producers. However, with increasing age and education levels, producers tend to be more risk-averse, with older and more educated producers preferring a more cautious approach to risk management. These results point to a need for joint research between producers, policymakers, and researchers to develop drought-tolerant pistachio varieties, improve irrigation techniques, prioritize water-saving technologies, and reduce environmental risks. Training programs and information dissemination strategies tailored to the different risk profiles of producers would be useful.

Amaç: Türkiye’de 2010 yılı sonrasında manda ürünlerinin değerinin anlaşılması ve uygulamaya geçirilen projelerin de etkisiyle manda yetiştiriciliği önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Balıkesir ilinde Halk Elinde Manda Islahı Projesi kapsamındaki manda işletmelerinin ekonomik yönü ortaya konulmuştur.Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın verileri Balıkesir ilinde manda sütü üretiminin yoğun olarak yapıldığı Altıeylül ile Gönen ilçelerinde bulunan toplam 102 üreticiden anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında manda yetiştiriciliği ile uğraşan işletmelerin özellikleri arasında işletme büyüklüklerine (1-10 baş, 11-20 baş ile 21 baş ve üzeri) göre farklılık olup olmadığı Kruskal-Wallis testi ile istatistiksel olarak test edilmiştir.Bulgular: Araştırmada manda başına bir laktasyonda süt verimi ortalama 1332.89 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Bu miktar 2019 yılı Türkiye ortalamasının (1000.10 kg) oldukça üzerindedir. Büyükbaş hayvan birimi (BBHB) başına günlük toplam yem tüketimi 12.32 kg’dır. İşletmeler ortalamasına göre büyükbaş hayvan birimi başına net kâr 1484.31 TL’dir. Çalışmada küçük ölçekli aile işletmelerinin daha kârlı olduğu, bu işletmelerin elde ettiği sütü katma değerli ürüne çevirerek kendi olanakları doğrultusunda pazarladığı belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Manda yetiştiriciliğinin ekonomik olarak sürdürülebilir olması için devlet tarafından desteklenmesi ve üreticinin katma değeri yüksek manda ürünlerine yöneltilmesi gerekmektedir. Böylelikle kırsaldan şehirlere göç engellenecek, üreticiler geleneksel manda yetiştirme yöntemlerini daha modern ve teknik koşullarda sürdürme olanağı bulabileceklerdir

This study has investigated how climatic parameters affect honey yield in İzmir Province under the conditions of migratory beekeeping. The climate parameters of the years 1990-2020 obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) and the General Directorate of Meteorology were used in this research. The data were analyzed considering the routes used by migratory beekeepers in İzmir province to transport their colonies, and the effects of climatic parameters in these regions on honey yield were determined using a decision tree algorithm. The average minimum temperature was identified as the first effective factor for honey yield. This was followed by average wind speed, average relative humidity, average maximum temperature, total precipitation and average temperature. Based on results the average honey yield per hive is predicted to be 26.29 kg in climatic conditions where the average minimum temperature is greater than 10.81°C, the relative humidity is more than 66.03% and the average temperature is more than 18.36°C.

This study investigates the resilience of the agricultural sector in Türkiye to climate shocks at the provincial level during 2005–2024 by examining the spatial structure and the determinants of resilience within a spatial econometric framework. In the study, a new index, namely the Provincial Agricultural Resilience Index (PARI), comprising the productivity, stability, and diversity sub-indices, was constructed; the trends, spatial patterns, and relationships between the index and climatic as well as structural factors were examined. The results indicate that although the average agricultural resilience of Türkiye has recorded a marginal increase, the improvement is not spatially uniform and is accompanied by a pronounced regional divergence pattern. During 2005–2024, PARI levels displayed significant and increasingly stronger spatial clustering; higher resilience levels were concentrated in the Western and Mediterranean basins, whereas lower resilience levels were concentrated in Eastern and Northeastern Anatolia, pointing to an inter-provincial sigma-divergence. The results of the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) reveal that agricultural resilience has a strong spatial dependence; the impacts of climate shocks transcend provincial boundaries and have spillover effects on neighboring provinces. The negative and statistically significant direct and total effects of the drought indicator indicate that climate shocks are likely to undermine agricultural resilience. However, the negative direct and indirect effects of agricultural credit and mechanization variables imply that financial access and capital use can serve mainly as short-term coping mechanisms rather than investment channels enhancing agricultural resilience against climate shocks. The results of marginal-effects analysis imply that the use of credit may even exacerbate rather than compensate for the loss of resilience, particularly in the case of drought, implying that the existing financial instruments may be insufficient to support long-term structural adaptation capacity. Overall, the results suggest that financial policies for a climate-resilient agricultural system should be redesigned by incorporating productive technology investments and regional adaptation differentials.

Bu çalışmada, Ocak 2008-Aralık 2022 döneminde Türkiye'de sofralık zeytin fiyatlarının volatilitesini analiz etmek amacıyla ARIMA-GARCH modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma zeytin piyasasının volatilite dinamiklerini derinlemesine anlamayı ve piyasa katılımcıları için stratejik yaklaşımlar geliştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. ARIMA modeli, finans ve ekonomi literatüründe zaman serilerinin ortalama yapısının tahmin edilmesi için, GARCH modeli ise volatilitenin tahmin edilmesi için sıkça başvurulan metotlardır. Bu iki modelin entegrasyonu hem ortalama hem de volatilitenin kapsamlı bir analizini sağlamaktadır. Analiz sürecinde farklı volatilite modelleme teknikleri kullanılarak optimal model, Akaike (AIC), Schwarz (SIC) Bilgi Kriterleri ve Log likelihood değeri ile belirlenmiştir. Seçilen modelin performansı, gerçekleşen volatilite değerleriyle karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, zeytin fiyatlarında belirgin bir düzeltme eğilimi gözlemlenmiş, bu da piyasa katılımcılarının fiyat hareketlerine hızla tepki verdiğini göstermiştir. Diğer taraftan zeytin piyasasında volatilitenin uzun süre devam edebileceği ve fiyat şoklarının uzun vadeli etkiler yaratabileceği belirlenmiştir. Kısa dönem tahminlerinde (3 ve 6 aylık), tahmin süresine bağlı olarak hata oranlarının arttığı, 1-2 aylık tahmin ufkunda modelin güvenilir sonuçlar verdiği saptanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre 9 aylık dönemde 2 aylık tahminler, orta vadeli planlamalar için güvenilir sonuçlar sunmuştur. 12 aylık tahminlerde ise, modelin uzun vadeli planlamalar için istikrarlı sonuçlar sağladığı belirlenmiştir.

This study aims to assess the sustainability level of viticulture farms in Batman province and identify the factors that hinder their sustainability. The data used for the study were collected in the 2021 production year through surveys of 94 farms. A composite sustainability index was developed to measure the sustainability level of viticultural activities. Positive or endogenous weighting methods, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), were used to reduce the number of sustainability indicators and determine their weights. The index values for economic, environmental, and social sustainability were found to be 0.40, 0.44, and 0.53, respectively. The overall sustainability index value for the farms was calculated as 0.43. The study also highlighted that 46.81% of the farms are at risk in terms of sustainability, with larger farms showing better sustainability performance compared to smaller ones.