Patients undergoing metabolic surgery have factors ranging from anatomo-surgical, endocrine metabolic, eating patterns and physical activity, mental health and psychological factors. Some of the latter can explain the possible pathophysiological neuroendocrine, metabolic, and adaptive mechanisms that cause the high prevalence of weight regain in postbariatric patients. Even metabolic surgery has proven to be effective in reducing excess weight in patients with obesity; some of them regain weight after this intervention. In this vein, several studies have been conducted to search factors and mechanisms involved in weight regain, to stablish strategies to manage this complication by combining metabolic surgery with either lifestyle changes, behavioral therapies, pharmacotherapy, endoscopic interventions, or finally, surgical revision. The aim of this revision is to describe certain aspects and mechanisms behind weight regain after metabolic surgery, along with preventive and therapeutic strategies for this complication.

Background: Laser-Assisted Lipolysis (LAL) has emerged as a modern advancement in body contouring, offering solutions to limitations of traditional liposuction such as prolonged recovery, increased bruising, and limited skin-tightening effects. By using targeted laser energy to liquefy fat before removal, LAL minimizes tissue trauma, enhances skin retraction, and improves overall aesthetic outcomes. Objective: To provide a comprehensive review of the historical evolution, current technological advances, comparative methodologies, limitations, and future directions of LAL in cosmetic surgery. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted, incorporating peer-reviewed articles, FDA-cleared devices, and clinical studies. Topics included the historical progression of LAL since its inception in the late 1990s, comparative analyses between LAL and traditional techniques, evaluation of laser wavelengths (e.g., 1064, 1320, 1444, and 1470 nm), and examination of innovations such as dual-wavelength systems, robotic-assisted delivery, AI-guided planning, and radiofrequency-assisted methods. Results: LAL shows clinical advantages including faster recovery times, reduced postoperative pain, and improved skin tightening, especially in small to moderate fat reduction areas. Dual- and multi-wavelength lasers, pulse modulation, and fiber-optic temperature sensing improve precision and safety. Comparative studies show LAL achieves better outcomes than traditional liposuction in certain contexts, particularly for skin appearance and submental fat reduction. However, variability in laser parameters, higher procedural costs, and limitations in autologous fat reuse remain concerns. Research also highlights promising applications of LAL in large-volume fat removal and potential bariatric contexts. Conclusion: LAL has evolved into a valuable technique in modern aesthetic surgery. While not a replacement for traditional liposuction in all cases, it offers meaningful benefits as a stand-alone or adjunct procedure. Continued innovations, such as nanotechnology, biodegradable fibers, and AI-assisted planning, may further enhance its effectiveness, precision, and personalization in future body contouring practices. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic and complex syndrome resulting from the interactions of genetic, environmental, metabolic, and psychological factors. Current pharmacologic treatments often yield limited, unsustainable weight loss; thus, bariatric surgery and large and giant-volume liposuction have emerged as viable options for its control. Objective: This study aimed to assess Laser-assisted with large-volume liposuction in weight reduction effectiveness in obese adults and to describe the early postoperative complications of this procedure.

Introduction: The downward nipple-areola complex (NAC) displacement below the inframammary fold characterizes breast ptosis (BPt). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel mastopexy technique in patients with BPt with and without breast prosthesis placement. Methods: A longitudinal study was performed on 231 women diagnosed with BPt treated with a novel low-level multifrequency laser-assisted mastopexy. Change in BPt was assessed according to Regnault’s system and the sternal notch-to-nipple distance (SNND) at the first, second, and third post-operative months. Additionally, the incidence and nature of complications within the first 30 days post-surgery were evaluated according to the Clavien-Dindo system. Results: Before surgery, all patients (100 %) presented with breast ptosis.

Patients undergoing bariatric procedures experience massive weight loss accompanied by significant soft tissue laxity throughout the body. In such cases, aesthetic surgery aims to assist in regaining body contour. However, the impact of traditional surgical procedures on redundant tissue results in extensive scars, raising concerns and dissatisfaction among patients. Multifrequency laser-assisted lipolysis is a novel modality that has proven effective in reducing residual fat and inducing skin tightening with minimal scarring.

Breast ptosis, the inferior displacement of the nipple-areola complex, is predominantly attributed to age-related collagen degradation within the breast parenchyma as a result of fibroblast senescence and postmenopausal estrogen depletion, which together result in skin ageing and mammary adipose tissue reduction. This Dataset reports the clinical information and measurements of 231 patients who underwent multifrequency low-level laser-assisted mastopexy. Data were collected prospectively between February 2021 and November 2023. All patients' references and identification data were anonymized to ensure compliance with Colombian legal regulations. Subsequently, data were translated from Spanish to English and stored in both .xls and .csv formats. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the procedure on breast ptosis degree and the sternal notch to nipple distance (SNND) to assess the evolution of breast ptosis. This article presents demographic, personal, and familial history data, anthropometric measurements, breast ptosis degree classified according to the Regnault system, SNND measurements, and complications categorized using the Clavien-Dindo classification system.