Background and objective: Obesity is a growing global epidemic. The composition of the intestinal microbiota can be influenced by several factors. Studies highlight the role of intestinal bacteria in the pathophysiology of obesity. So, the objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of probiotics, together with healthy lifestyle habits, contributes to weight reduction in obese individuals by analyzing the intestinal microbiota profile. Methods: A prospective study was carried out with 45 adults with obesity. Participants underwent guidance on healthy lifestyle habits, received a probiotic component containing different microbiological strains and were followed for 60 days. Clinical parameters, body composition, biochemical analysis, and intestinal microbiota assessment were performed before and after treatment. After 60 days, it was observed that the bacterial strains present in the probiotic were present in the patients’ intestinal microbiota. Participants also showed improvements in physical activity, sleep quality, and anxiety management, as well as changes in some eating habits, such as a reduction in the consumption of processed foods and a significant increase in water intake. Results: A reduction in BMI, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides was observed, in addition to an increase in HDL cholesterol, improvement in bowel movement frequency, and stool consistency. Analysis of the intestinal microbiota revealed an increase in microbial diversity and a better balance between the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Conclusions: The changes related to improving the composition of the intestinal microbiota, dietary habits, increased physical activity, reduced anxiety, and better sleep quality have significantly contributed to weight loss and improvements in physiological parameters in obese individuals.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease of increasing importance in public health, associated with chronic complications including retinopathy, neuropathy, and kidney, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. This study assessed the impact of strategic DM education actions on glycemic control and prevalence of chronic complications in patients with DM. Subjects and methods: Retrospective, quantitative, cohort study at a diabetes patients association comprised of a multidisciplinary team. In all, 533 individuals with DM were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data were [...] ABSTRACT Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease of increasing importance in public health, associated with chronic complications including retinopathy, neuropathy, and kidney, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. This study assessed the impact of strategic DM education actions on glycemic control and prevalence of chronic complications in patients with DM. Subjects and methods: Retrospective, quantitative, cohort study at a diabetes patients association comprised of a multidisciplinary team. In all, 533 individuals with DM were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data were

The increasing prevalence of enterococci strains in hospitals, particularly among isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), poses important problems because of the limited effect of antimicrobial therapy for enterococcal infections. This work presents a retrospective investigation of quantitative in vitro susceptibility data for the range of antimicrobials against Enterococcus spp. isolates and evaluation of the association of resistance between antimicrobial agents recommended as the treatment of choice for infections caused by VRE through calculation of the relative risk. Of the 156 enterococci isolates, 40 (25.6%) were resistant to 3 or more antimicrobials, including 7.7% (n = 12/156) vancomycin resistant. The association of elevated resistance was more pronounced among VRE isolates against alternative and primary antimicrobials for the treatment of infections caused by these pathogens, including ampicillin (100%, RR = 7.2), streptomycin (90.9%, RR = 4.9), rifampin (91.7%, RR = 3.1) and linezolid (50%, RR = 11.5), despite high susceptibility to this drug (94.9%). The significant associated resistance to alternative and first choice antimicrobials used in the treatment of serious infections of strains with the VRE phenotype and that require a combined therapeutic regime, revealed even more limited therapeutic alternatives in the institution analyzed.

O objetivo deste trabalho é mapear os estudos efetuados acerca da evasão na educação a distância, através de uma revisão sistemática, por meio de uma busca por artigos completos indexados, realizada nas bases de dados CAPES e SCiELO, com o uso dos descritores: “evasão na EaD”, incluindo estudos publicados no período entre os anos de 2013 á 2018. Foram encontrados 11 artigos por meio de critérios de seleção pré-estabelecidos, os quais subsidiaram a elaboração de uma sinopse de estudos, contento título, ano, base de dados, instrumentos, objetivos e principais conclusões. Com base na análise dos artigos selecionados conclui-se a necessidade de uma mudança na forma e na estrutura do sistema de ensino a distância, abrangendo outros elementos, visando uma maior sintonia entre os envolvidos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, bem como a necessidade por melhorias na elaboração do material didático utilizado e maior uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC’s), para promover uma aprendizagem mais autônoma por parte dos alunos. Por fim, este trabalho nos permite afirmar que ainda se fazem necessárias pesquisas futuras que possibilitem alcançar uma maior compreensão sobre os motivos que levam os alunos à evasão na educação a distância.

Background and objective: Obesity is a growing global epidemic. The composition of the intestinal microbiota can be influenced by several factors. Studies highlight the role of intestinal bacteria in the pathophysiology of obesity. So, the objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of probiotics, together with healthy lifestyle habits, contributes to weight reduction in obese indi-viduals by analyzing the intestinal microbiota profile. Methods: A prospective study was carried out with 45 adults with obesity. Participants underwent guidance on healthy lifestyle habits, re-ceived a probiotic component containing different microbiological strains and were followed for 60 days. Clinical parameters, body composition, biochemical analysis and intestinal microbiota assessment were performed before and after treatment. After 60 days, it was observed that the bacterial strains present in the probiotic were present in the patients' intestinal microbiota. Par-ticipants also showed improvements in physical activity, sleep quality, anxiety management, as well as changes in some eating habits, such as a reduction in the consumption of processed foods and a significant increase in water intake. Results: A reduction in BMI, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides was observed, in addition to an increase in HDL cholesterol, improvement in bowel movement frequency and stool consistency. Analysis of the intestinal microbiota revealed an increase in microbial diversity and a better balance between the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Conclusions: The changes related to improving the composition of the intestinal microbiota, dietary habits, increased physical activity, reduced anxiety, and better sleep quality have significantly contributed to weight loss and improvements in physiological parameters in obese individuals.

Objetivo: Avaliar a religiosidade, o enfrentamento religioso e espiritual dos idosos que participam de um centro de convivência para terceira idade. Método: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram entrevistados 110 idosos. Os questionários utilizados para a coleta dos dados foram: instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfico e religioso, Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Índice de Religiosidade de Duke e a Escala de Coping Religioso e Espiritual Abreviada (CRE abreviada). Utilizou-se da estatística descritiva, Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson e Spearman para análise dos dados. Resultados: Maioria do sexo feminino (61,8 %), faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos (54,5%), etnia branca (47,3%), e predomínio de viúvos (36,4%). A religião de maior porcentagem foi a católica (68,2%). Evidenciou-se correlação positiva, com nível de significância, ao avaliar Religiosidade Organizacional e Coping Religioso Espiritual (CRE) Positivo (p=0,000), Religiosidade Não Organizacional com (CRE) Positivo e Negativo (p=0,010, p=0,047, respectivamente), Religiosidade Intrínseca e (CRE) Positivo e Total (p= 0,000, p=0,002, respectivamente). Conclusão: Percebeu-se que os idosos utilizam de estratégias religiosas e espirituais para lidar com situações estressantes; e que a religiosidade está presente em suas vidas atuando de forma positiva.