Benzene is the typical volatile organic compound (VOC) of indoor and outdoor air pollution, which harms human health and the environment. Due to the stability of their aromatic structure, the catalytic oxidation of benzene rings in an environment without an external energy input is difficult. In this study, the efficient degradation of benzene at room temperature was achieved by constructing Ag and Ni bimetallic active site catalysts (AgNi/BCN) supported on boron–carbon–nitrogen aerogel. The atomic-scale Ag and Ni are uniformly dispersed on the catalyst surface and form Ag/Ni-C/N bonds with C and N, which were conducive to the catalytic oxidation of benzene at room temperature. Further catalytic reaction mechanisms indicate that benzene reacted with ·OH to produce R·, which reacted with O₂ to regenerate ·OH. Under the strong oxidation of ·OH, benzene was oxidized to form alcohols, carboxylic acids, and eventually CO₂ and H₂O. This study not only significantly reduces the energy consumption of VOC catalytic oxidation, but also improves the safety of VOC treatment, providing new ideas for the low energy consumption and green development of VOC treatment.

The large-scale dredging activities in port areas generate substantial quantities of dredged soil, leading to land occupation and disposal challenges, while industrial wastes such as fly ash and desulfurization gypsum remain underutilized. In this study, industrial wastes were employed as a curing agent to stabilize dredged soil, aiming to achieve both mechanical performance improvement and cost-effective recycling. In total, 100 g of curing agent was added to 1 kg of sludge. The optimal strength-maximizing formulation comprised 4.5% activator 1 #, 4.5% fly ash, 4.5% mineral powder, and 0.5% desulfurization gypsum. It achieved an unconfined compressive strength of 0.794 MPa. For enhanced cost-effectiveness, a modified binder blend (1.88% activator 1 #, 4.5% fly ash, 4.5% mineral powder, and 0.5% desulfurization gypsum) delivered 0.63 MPa at 28 days, satisfying mechanical construction specifications. Results demonstrate that unconfined compressive strength increases with solid wastes; however, with the extension of solidification time, the unconfined compressive strength of dredged soil gradually slows down.