Non-healing lesions in diabetic foot ulcers are a significant effect of poor angiogenesis. Epigenetic regulators, mainly lncRNA and miRNA, are recognized for their important roles in disease progression. We deciphered the regulation of lncRNA NEAT1 through the miR-146a-5p/mafG axis in the progression of DFU. A lowered expression of lncRNA NEAT1 was associated with dysregulated angiogenesis through the reduced expression of mafG, SDF-1α, and VEGF in chronic ulcer subjects compared to acute DFU. This was validated by silencing NEAT1 by SiRNA in the endothelial cells which resulted in the transcriptional repression of target genes. Our in silico analysis identified miR-146a-5p as a potential target of lncRNA NEAT1. Further, silencing NEAT1 led to an increase in the levels of miR-146a-5p in chronic DFU subjects. This research presents the role of the lncRNA NEAT1/miR-146a-5p/mafG axis in enhancing angiogenesis in DFU.

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research aims to publish findings of doctors at grass root level and post graduate students, so that all unique medical experiences are recorded in literature.

Objective: The purpose of higher education, particularly in the medical fields, is to serve humanity, and reflect on core values such as compassion, care, and empathy. This study examines how medical students uphold moral values as they progress through their education, addressing a research gap in the Indian context. Methods: After obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered Google questionnaire. Content validity was ensured through consultations with 5 experts, and reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .75. Data were collected from medical students in India using snowball sampling and analyzed using median, interquartile range, chi-squared test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The sample size was set at 518, taking into account the nonresponders. Results: Of 1500 invites, 526 students responded, which corresponds to a response rate of 35.06%. Reliability analysis revealed a high internal consistency (α = .927 ), and the data were suitable for factor analysis (Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin = 0.929). Principal component analysis identified three factors: Authority and Materialism, Enjoyment and Adventure, and Ethics and altruism, which explained 56% of the variance. Significant gender differences in Ethics and altruism were found. Correlation analysis revealed moderate positive relationships between authority and materialism and both enjoyment and adventure and ethics and altruism. Multiple regression showed that authority and materialism significantly impacts ethics and altruism (β = 0.684, p < .001), whereas enjoyment and adventure had a nonsignificant influence. Women performed better than men in ethics and altruism. This finding is discussed taking into account the unequal gender distribution. Conclusion: The study shows that medical students prioritize ethics and altruism over authority and materialism, with enjoyment and adventure playing a balancing role. The significant influence of authority and materialism on ethics and altruism suggests that competitive and materialistic values influence ethical priorities. Understanding how different factors impact values and well-being can guide educators and policymakers in fostering ethical practices and supporting student resilience.

Perianal abscess is a common anorectal emergency, and simple incision and drainage (I&D) remains the standard initial treatment. However, failure to address an underlying fistulous tract at the primary surgery may result in high rates of abscess recurrence and subsequent fistula formation. The role of drainage with concurrent initial fistula management remains debated due to concerns regarding anal continence. To compare outcomes of simple incision and drainage versus drainage with initial fistula management in patients with acute perianal abscess, with special reference to abscess recurrence. This Prospective observation studies was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre from march 2025 to December 2025. A total of 142 patients with acute perianal abscess were randomized into two groups: Group A underwent simple I&D (n = 71) and Group B underwent I&D with primary fistula management (n = 71). Patients were followed for 10 months. Primary outcomes included abscess recurrence and fistula formation. Secondary outcomes included anal incontinence assessed using the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI), postoperative pain, wound healing time, and hospital stay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25.0 with p < 0.05 considered significant. Abscess recurrence was significantly higher in the simple drainage group (23.9%) compared to the drainage with fistula management group (4.2%) (p = 0.001). Fistula formation occurred exclusively in the simple drainage group (25.4%) (p < 0.001). Mean FISI scores were higher following simple drainage (5.10 ± 3.15) than drainage with fistula management (3.30 ± 2.13) (p < 0.001). Hospital stay was significantly shorter in the combined procedure group (p < 0.001), while postoperative pain scores were comparable. Drainage with initial fistula management significantly reduces abscess recurrence and fistula formation without increasing postoperative pain, and is associated with better continence outcomes and shorter hospital stay compared to simple drainage alone.

Background Perianal surgical wounds are likely to take longer to heal and get infected due to constant contamination, moisture and pain during defecation. Povidone-iodine has long been applied in the postoperative treatment, and silver-based agents have become an alternative with an excellent antimicrobial effect and patient-friendly characteristics. Aim This study was intended to compare the outcomes on postoperative perianal wound-healing between the application of povidone-iodine sitz bath and silver-based antimicrobial spray, with additional evaluation of patient satisfaction and treatment compliance with the assigned wound care regimen. Methods It is a hospital-based observational study conducted over a period of 4 months in a tertiary care centre. A total of one hundred patients subjected to surgery for haemorrhoids, fissure in ano, or fistula in ano were recruited and split into two equal groups. Group A received a povidone-iodine sitz bath, and Group B received a silver-based antimicrobial spray. The main outcome was time to heal wounds. The secondary outcomes were postoperative pain (VAS), patient satisfaction score (PSS), treatment compliance index (TCI), and wound-related complications. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Baseline characteristics were comparable among groups. Mean wound-healing time was significantly shorter in the povidone-iodine cohort (14.2 ± 3.1 days) compared to the silver group (16.8 ± 3.6 days; p = 0.001). Surgical site infection was lower with povidone-iodine (6% vs. 18%; p = 0.048). Silver-based spray was associated with significantly lower postoperative pain scores, higher patient satisfaction scores (composite PSS: 7.9 ± 0.9 vs. 6.5 ± 1.1; p < 0.001), and superior treatment compliance at both Week 2 (92.1% vs. 74.2%; p < 0.001) and Week 4 (88.4% vs. 66.8%; p < 0.001). Wound-related complications were more frequent in the silver cohort. Conclusion Povidone-iodine sitz bath provides superior healing and infection control, whereas silver-based antimicrobial spray significantly improves postoperative comfort, patient satisfaction, and treatment compliance highlighting the importance of patient-centred factors in wound care selection following perianal surgery.

Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of dyspeptic symptoms, but its association with alcohol consumption remains controversial. Few prospective s